FINAL REPORT TURKEY: Country Gender Profile December 2006 PROF. DR. SERPİL SANCAR Director of Women Studies Center, Ankara University AYÇA BULUT Phd. Political Sciences Department, Ankara University The information presented here was gathered from on-site sources. Therefore, JICA is not responsible for its accuracy. TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS.................................................................................................................................. III 1. BASIC PROFILE................................................................................................................................1 1.1. SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE................................................................................................................. 1 1.2. HEALTH PROFILE ................................................................................................................................2 1.3. EDUCATIONAL PROFILE ....................................................................................................................... 3 1.4. LABOR PROFILE .................................................................................................................................. 4 1.5. GENDER EQUALITY ............................................................................................................................. 4 1.6. GENDER RELATED LAWS..................................................................................................................... 5 2. GENERAL SITUATION OF WOMEN AND GOVERNMENT POLICY ON GENDER........................ 6 2.1. GENERAL SITUATION........................................................................................................................... 6 2.2. GOVERNMENTAL POLICY ON GENDER .................................................................................................. 8 2.3. DIRECTORATE GENERAL ON STATUS AND PROBLEMS OF WOMEN (DGSPW)....................................... 10 3. CURRENT SITUATION OF WOMEN BY SECTORS....................................................................... 14 3.1. EDUCATION ...................................................................................................................................... 14 3.2. HEALTH ............................................................................................................................................ 15 3.3. AGRICULTURE AND RURAL WOMEN.................................................................................................... 17 3.4. PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN TO LABOUR MARKET ................................................................................ 19 4. LEGAL REFORMS FOR GENDER EQUALITY............................................................................... 23 4.1. CONSTITUTION ARTICLE 10 – AMENDMENT 14.................................................................................... 23 4.2. PENAL CODE .................................................................................................................................... 23 4.3. CIVIL CODE ...................................................................................................................................... 23 4.4. FAMILY PROTECTION LAW (NO. 4320) ............................................................................................... 24 4.5. OPTIONAL PROTOCOL TO CEDAW .................................................................................................... 24 4.6. LABOR CODE (NO. 4857) .................................................................................................................. 24 4.7. MUNICIPAL LAW (NO: 5393) .............................................................................................................. 25 5. GENDER INFORMATION RESOURCES......................................................................................... 26 5.1. WOMEN’S ORGANIZATIONS IN TURKEY ............................................................................................... 26 5.2. LIST OF ORGANIZATIONS ................................................................................................................... 27 5.2.1. Organizations for Women’s Health..................................................................................... 27 5.2.2. Organizations for Women’s Human Rights ........................................................................ 27 5.2.3. Women’s Organizations in Ankara ..................................................................................... 28 5.2.4. Women’s Organizations in Istanbul and Marmara Region ................................................. 29 5.2.5. Women’s Organizations in Eastern Turkey ........................................................................ 31 5.2.6. Women’s Organizations in Western Turkey ....................................................................... 33 5.2.7. Women’s Organizations in Southern Turkey...................................................................... 34 5.2.8. Women’s Studies and Research Center in Universities..................................................... 34 5.2.9. Women and Gender Studies MA Programs and Departments .......................................... 35 5.3. LIST OF INDIVIDUALS INTERVIEWED .................................................................................................... 60 6. GENDER PROJECTS....................................................................................................................... 36 6.1. PROJECTS OF DGSPW..................................................................................................................... 36 6.1.1. Completed Projects ............................................................................................................ 36 6.1.2. Ongoing Projects ................................................................................................................ 36 i 6.2. PROJECTS OF OTHER GOVERNMENTAL BODIES ................................................................................ 36 6.3. WOMEN’S NGO’S PROJECT............................................................................................................... 39 6.3.1. Projects of KAGIDER (Business Women Association) ...................................................... 39 6.3.2. Projects of KA-MER (Women’s Center) ............................................................................. 41 6.3.3. Projects of KA-DER Head Office- ISTANBUL .................................................................... 42 6.3.4. Projects of KA-DER –Ankara.............................................................................................. 43 6.3.5. Flying Broom (Uçan Süpürge) ............................................................................................ 43 6.3.6. AÇEV Anne Çocuk Eğitim Vakfı (Foundation for Mother and Child Education)................. 44 6.3.7. Çağdaş Yaşamı Destekleme Derneği (Association for Contemporary Living)................... 45 6.3.8. Yerel Gündem 21- Kadın Meclisleri (Local Agenda 21- Women’s Assembly) ................... 45 6.3.9. BIANET Kadının Penceresi (Woman’s Window)................................................................ 46 6.4. UN TURKEY COUNTRY PROJECTS ..................................................................................................... 46 6.4.1. Completed UN Projects ...................................................................................................... 46 6.4.2. Ongoing and Coming Projects of UN ................................................................................. 49 6.4.3. Gender Integrated Projects of UNDP ................................................................................. 49 6.5. PROJECTS OF PRIVATE SECTOR ........................................................................................................ 50 7. MAIN DOCUMENTS ......................................................................................................................... 51 7.1. BIBLIOGRAFY ON WOMEN STUDIES .................................................................................................... 51 7.1.1. General ............................................................................................................................... 51 7.1.2. Engendering the Turkish History ........................................................................................ 52 7.1.3. Women’s Health in Turkey.................................................................................................. 53 7.1.4. Women’s Movements in Turkey ......................................................................................... 53 7.1.5. Religion and Women in Turkey........................................................................................... 54 7.1.6. Publications of Women’s Organizations ............................................................................. 55 7.1.7. Periodicals .......................................................................................................................... 56 7.2. OTHER DOCUMENTS AND REPORTS ................................................................................................... 56 7.2.1. International Reports on Women’s Rights in Turkey .......................................................... 56 7.2.2. National Reports on Women’s Human Right in Turkey...................................................... 57 7.2.3. Special Reports on Gender Equality in Turkey..................................................................