<p>AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>CHAPTER 1 No Chapter on this Topic ORIENTATION TO SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY HISTORY OF SURGERY 3 HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF 187 SURGICAL SUTURES (Ch. 6) SURGERY TODAY 4 Surgical Specialties 5 HISTORY OF SURGICAL 6 TECHNOLOGY FIELD OF SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY 8 Working Conditions 8 Personal Characteristics 8 Surgical Team Members 8 Surgical Technology Education and 10 Certification THE SURGICAL TECHNOLOGISTAS A 11 PROFESSIONAL Professionalism 11 Surgical Technologist’s Lifestyle 12 Job Descriptions for the Surgical 13 Technologist Career Opportunities 13 HEALTH CARE FACILITIES 14 Hospital Organization 15 Hospital Departments and Interdepartmental 17 Communication Financial Considerations and 19 Reimbursement Organizations Related to Hospitals, Health 20 Care, and Surgical Services</p><p>CHAPTER 2 No Chapter on this Topic STANDARDS OF CONDUCT LEGAL ISSUES 23 Definitions of General Legal Terms 23 Definitions of Traditional Principles 24 Torts 25 Consent for Surgery: A Basic Right 27 Protecting Patients’ Rights (Ch.2) 23 Documentation 29 Clinical Documentation (Ch. 2) 27 Event/Incident Reports 30 Box 2-4. Incident Reports (ch.2) 28 Advance Directives 30 ETHICAL AND MORAL ISSUES 30 Moral Principles 31 Bioethics 31 AHA Patient’s Bill of Rights 31 Legal and Ethical Mandates (Ch. 10) 297 Elements of Ethical Decision Making 32 Professional Codes of Conduct 34 Surgical Conscience 34 SCOPE OF PRACTICE 34 Job Descriptions and Competencies 35 Credentialing 36 Accreditation 36 Core Curricula for Surgical Technology and 36 Surgical Assisting AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>Career Development 36 Clinical Ladder Program 37 RISK MANAGEMENT AND LIABILITY 38 Medical Errors 38 Safe Medical Device Act 39 Malpractice Insurance 39</p><p>CHAPTER 3 No Chapter on this Topic THE SURGICAL PATIENT. THE STSR AND THE SURGICAL 43 PATIENT PHYSICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, 43 SOCIAL, AND SPIRITUAL NEEDS OF THE SURGICAL PATIENT Understanding the Surgical Patient 44 Causes of Surgical Intervention 44 The Surgical Patient, a Human Being 44 Prioritizing Needs-Maslow’s Hierachy 45 Life Stage Development: Select Basic 46 Concepts Cultural and Religious Influences 49</p><p>CHAPTER 4 CAPTER 29 PEDIATRIC SURGERY SPECIAL POPULATIONS CHAPTER 30 GERIATRIC SURGERY CHAPTER 31 TRAUMA SURGERY INTRODUCTION 57 PEDIATRIC PATIENTS 57 PERIOPERAIVE NURSING 1211 CONSIDERATIONS (Ch. 29) Monitoring the Pediatric Patient 59 Shock 60 Fluids and Electrolytes 60 Infection 61 Metabolic and Nutritional Responses 61 Trauma 61 Child Abuse (Ch. 29) 1212 TRAUMA (Ch. 29) 1263 PATIENTS WITH OBESITY 62 Review of Surgical Considerations 64 Specific Considerations of Bariatric Surgery 64 PATIENTS WITH DIABETES 64 Complications Associated with Diabetes 65 Care of the Patient with Diabetes in Surgery 66 PREGNANT PATIENTS 66 Considerations when Caring for Pregnant 67 Patients Anesthesia 67 Intraoperative Considerations for the 67 Surgical Technologist IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS 68 Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome 68 Considerations for the Surgical Team 68 Members PATIENTS WITH DISABILITIES 69 GERIATRIC PATIENTS 69 CHAPTER 30 GERIATRIC SURGERY 1295 TRAUMA PATIENTS 71 CHAPTER 31 TRAUMA SURGERY 1317 AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>THE “GOLDEN HOUR” AND TRAUMA 71 CHAPTER 31 TRAUMA SURGERY 1317 PATIENTS KINEMATICS 71 Preliminary Evaluation: Mechanism of 1319 Injury (Ch. 31) Blunt Trauma 71 Preliminary Evaluation: Mechanism of 1321 Injury (Ch. 31) Penetrating Trauma 72 Preliminary Evaluation: Mechanism of 1322 Injury (Ch. 31) TRAUMA SCORING 72 Preliminary Evaluation: Mechanism of 1323 Injury (Ch. 31) CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE 72 Multiple Operative Procedures (Ch. 31) 1334 SURGICAL TECHNOLOGIST Preservation of Evidence 72 Evidence Preservation (Ch. 31) 1336 Hypothermia 73 Hypothermia (Ch. 31) 1338 Infection 73 Increased Risk for Infection (Ch. 31) 1334 PREPARATION OF THE CASE 73 Procedure Preparation (Ch. 31) 1334</p><p>CHAPTER 5 CHAPTER 2 PATIENT AND PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY SAFETY STANDARDS CHAPER 4 INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL CHAPTER 3 SURGICAL MODALITIES PHYSICAL DESIGN OF THE SURGERY 77 Physical Plant Design Elements (Ch.2) 18 DEPARTMENT Areas of the OR 78 Traffic Control (Ch. 4) 134 Physical Components of the Operative Suite 79 Physical Plant Design Elements (Ch. 2) 18 ENGINEERING PRACTICES TO 111 CONTROL INFECTION (Ch. 4) Substerile Area 83 Environment of Care (Ch. 4) 112 Direct Support Services 83 HAZARDS AND REGULATORY 85 AGENCIES SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS 86 Air-Handling System 86 Heating, Ventilating, Air Conditioning 112 (Ch. 4) Surgical Lights 86 Noise in the Operating Room 86 Ergonomics and Safety Considerations 86 Fire Hazards and Safety 87 Electrical and Fire Hazards (Ch. 2) 19 Fire Safety (Ch. 3) 80 Electrical Hazards 88 Electrical and Fire Hazards (Ch. 2) 19 Ionizing Radiation 89 Radiation Safety (Ch. 2) 21 BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS AND SAFETY 90 CONSIDERATIONS Universal Precautions 90 Universal Precautions (Ch. 4) 106 Standard Precautions 90 Standard Precautions (Ch. 4) 108 Laser and Electrosurgical Plume 93 Smoke Evacuation (Ch. 3) 82 Latex Allergy 94 Latex Allergy (Ch. 2) 21 CHEMICAL HAZARDS AND SAFETY 94 CONSIDERATIONS Waste Anesthetic Gases 94 OPERATING ROOM POLLUTION 250 (Ch. 7) Methyl Methacrylate 95 Polymethyl Methacrylate (Ch. 22) 840 Formalin 95 Care and Handling of Specimens ( Ch. 4) 36 AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>Ethylene Oxide 95 Ethylene Oxide (Ch. 4) 124 Glutaraldehyde 95 CHAPTER 6 No Chapter on this Topic BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE INTRODUCTION 99 COMPUTERS 99 Surgical Applications 99 Hardware 100 Software 103 Word Processing 104 Graphics 105 Internet Basics 106 ELECTRICITY 107 Surgical Applications 107 Basic Principles of Electricity 108 PHYSICS 112 Medical and Surgical Applications 112 Mechanics 113 Nuclear Physics 122 Gravity 122 SURGICAL ROBOTS 122 Terminology 123 Design 123 Robotics (Ch.3) 65 Remote Manipulation 124 Geometry 124 Hearing and Vision 125 Decontamination and Sterilization of 125 Robotic Components Clinical Applications 125 THE OR OF THE FUTURE 125 Surgical Planning and Rehearsal 125 Surface-Based Registration 126 ROLE OF THE SURGICAL 126 TECHNOLOGIST</p><p>CHAPTER 7 CHAPTER 4 INFECTION ASEPSIS AND STERILE TECHNIQUE PREVENTION AND CONTROL HISTORY OF STERILIZATION 130 CHAPTER 4 INFECTION 97 PREVENTION AND CONTROL BASIC TERMINOLOGY 131 Box 4-1. Definition of Terms 99 PATHOGENS AND INFECTION 131 Microorganisms That Cause Infection 98 Infection 131 Box 4-1. Definition of Terms 99 Pathogens Associated with Surgical Site 132 Microorganisms that Cause Infection 98 Infection Methods of Transmission 135 CONTROLLING INFECTION IN THE 106 PERIOPERATIVE ARENA PRINCIPLES OF ASEPSIS 138 Surgical Aseptic Principles 131 Principle 1: Sterile Field 138 Surgical Aseptic Principles 131 Principle 2: Sterile Team Member Attire 139 Surgical Aseptic Principles 131 Principle 3: Movement in and around 140 Surgical Aseptic Principles 131 Sterile Field Traffic Control 134 SURGICAL CONSCIENCE 140 CLEANING, DISINFECTION, AND 141 Operating Room Environmental Cleaning 151 STERILIZATION AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>Cleaning and Disinfection 142 Disinfection 127 Presterilization Procedure 113 Operating Room Environmental Cleaning 151 Disinfectant and Disinfectant/Sterilant 147 Types of Disinfectants 127 Agents Disinfection of Endscopes 128 INSTRUMENT PREPARATION AND 151 Presterilization Procedure 113 WRAPPING FOR STERILIZATION Instruments 151 Presterilization Procedure 113 Specific Procedural Trays 151 Instrument Sets 151 Packaging and Sterilizer Loading 116 PACKAGING FOR STERILIZATION 152 Packaging and Sterilizer Loading 116 AND STORAGE Performance Standards of Packaging 152 Packaging and Sterilizer Loading 116 Material Performance Characteristics 152 Packaging and Sterilizer Loading 116 Types of Packaging Materials 153 Packaging and Sterilizer Loading 116 General Principles of Packaging 155 Packaging and Sterilizer Loading 116 Sterilization 158 Work Practices to Control Infection 112 Requirements and Essential Factors 159 Work Practices to Control Infection 112 Basic Components of a Steam Sterilizer 160 Work Practices to Control Infection 112 GAS STERILIZATION 163 Chemical Sterilization 121 Ethylene Oxide 163 Chemical Sterilization 123 Alternative Gas Sterilization Methods 164 Chemical Sterilization 123 LIQUID CHEMICAL STERILIZATION 165 Chemical Sterilization 124 PROCESSES IONIZING RADIATION 165 METHODS OF MONITORING THE 165 Work Practices to Control Infection 119 STERILIZATION PROCESS Mechanical Methods of Monitoring the 165 Work Practices to Control Infection 119 Sterilization Process Chemical Methods of Monitoring the 166 Work Practices to Control Infection 119 Sterilization Process Biological Methods of Monitoring the 166 Work Practices to Control Infection 119 Sterilization Process Bowie-Dick Test 167 Work Practices to Control Infection 120</p><p>EVENT-RELATED STERILITY 167 Operating Room Environmental Cleaning 151 Environmental Decontamination 168 Operating Room Environmental Cleaning 151 Environmental Services 168 Operating Room Environmental Cleaning 151 Case by Case 168 Operating Room Environmental Cleaning 151 Daily 168 Operating Room Environmental Cleaning 151 CHAPTER 8 FOUND THROUGHOUT UNIT 1 GENERAL PATIENT CARE AND FOUNDATIONS FOR PRACTICE SAFETY PREOPERATIVE PATIENT ROUTINES 172 General Patient Safety Measures (Ch. 2) 24 Admission of the Patient to the Operating 25 Room (Ch.2) ASSESSMENT (Ch. 10) 299 Surgical Consent 173 Protecting Patient Rights (Ch. 2) 23 Preoperative Education 175 ASSESSMENT (Ch. 10) 299 Patient Possessions 175 Admission of the Patient to the Operating 27 Room (Ch.2)</p><p>Evening/Morning before Surgery 176 Admission of the Patient to the Operating 25 AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>Room (Ch.2)</p><p>Diet 177 Admission of the Patient to the Operating 27 Room (Ch.2) Makeup and Dress 177 Call to Operating Room 177 Family Visit 177 Patient Identification 177 Admission of the Patient to the Operating 25 Room (Ch.2) Transportation 178 Implementation (Ch. 5) 172 TRANSFER AND POSITIONING 179 Implementation (Ch. 5) 172 BASIC POSITIONING FOR SURGERY 180 Supine Position 181 Supine (Ch. 5) 176 Trendelenburg Position 183 Trendelenburg (Ch. 5) 176 Reverse Trendelenburg Position 184 Reverse Trendelenburg (Ch. 5) 177 Fowler’s Position and Sitting Position 184 Semi-Fowler (Ch. 5) 180 Fowler (Ch. 5) 181 Lithotomy Position 185 Lithotomy (Ch. 5) 178 Prone Position 186 Prone (Ch. 5) 181 Kraske (Jackknife Position) 188 Jackknife (Ch. 5) 182 Lateral Position 189 Lateral (Ch. 5) 183 Kidney Position 190 Lateral Kidney (Ch. 5) 184 Sim’s Position 191 THERMOREGULATORY DEVICES 191 Maintainin Normotheria In The Surgical 35 Patient (Ch. 2) TERMPERATURE CONTROL (Ch. 7) 247 VITAL SIGNS 192 PERIOPERATIVE MONITORING 225 (Ch. 7) Temperature 192 TEMPERATURE CONTROL (Ch. 7) 247 Pulse 193 Pulse Oximetry (Ch. 7) 227 Respiration 194 Capnography (Ch. 7) 228 Blood Pressure 196 URINARY CATHETERIZATION 199 Urethral and Ureteral Catheters (Ch. 7) 530 Indications 200 Urethral and Ureteral Catheters (Ch. 7) 530 Procedure 200 Urethral and Ureteral Catheters (Ch. 7) 530 Considerations 200 Urethral and Ureteral Catheters (Ch. 7) 530 SKIN PREPARATION 202 Patient Skin Disinfection and Preparation 147 Ch. 4) Skin Preparation Setup 203 Patient Skin Disinfection and Preparation 147 Ch. 4) Skin Marking 206 HEMOSTASIS AND BLOOD 206 HEMOSTASIS (Ch. 6) 195 REPLACEMENT Factors Affecting Hemostasis 207 Control of Bleeding during Surgery 207 HEMOSTASIS (Ch. 6) 195 Mechanical Methods 207 HEMOSTASIS (Ch. 6) 195 THERMAL HEMOSTASIS 209 HEMOSTASIS (Ch. 6) 195 PHARMACOLOGICAL AGENTS 209 Blood Loss 210 Estimating Blood Loss (Ch. 2) 33 Blood Replacement 210 Handling Blood and Blood Products 34 (Ch. 2) Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions 211 CARDIOPULMONARY 211 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (Ch. 2) 39 RESUSCITATION AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>Cardiac Arrest in the Surgical Setting 212 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (Ch. 2) 39 MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA 213 Malignant Hyperthermia (Ch. 2) 39 MALIGNANT HYPOTHERMIA 247 (Ch. 10) Prevention 213 MALIGNANT HYPOTHERMIA 247 (Ch. 10) Treatment 213 MALIGNANT HYPOTHERMIA 247 (Ch. 10) EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES 213 INDICATIONS OF EMERGENCY 214 SITUATIONS OBJECTIVES AND PRIORITIES IN 214 ERMERGENCY SITUATIONS Syncope 214 Convulsions/Seizures 215 Hemolytic Transfusion Reactions 211 Clinical Manifestations of Impending 216 Cardiac Arrest</p><p>CHAPTER 9 CHAPTER 7 ANESTHESIA SURGICAL PHARMACOLOGY AND (Also Ch. 8 and 32) ANESTHESIA Pharmacology (medications) is found under specific surgeries. PHARMACOLOGY 219 Drug Sources 219 Drug Forms 220 Drug Nomenclature 220 Route of Administration 221 Drug Classifications 221 Pharmacokinetics 221 Pharmacodynamics 222 DRUG-HANDLING TECHNIQUES 223 Medication Identification 223 Supplies for Medication Handling 225 Transfer of a Medication to the Sterile Field 225 Medications Commonly Used in the 226 Operating Room HISTORY OF MODERN ANESTHESIA 229 HISTORY OF ANESTHESIA 219 METHODS AND TECHNIQUES OF 231 PREOPERATIVE PREPARATION 222 ANESTHETIC ADMINISTRATION GENERAL ANESTHESIA 231 GENERAL ANESTHESIA 230 Depth of General Anesthesia 231 Levels of General Anesthesia 231 Phases of General Anesthesia 232 Phases of General Anesthesia 231 Advantages of General Anesthesia 232 Risks and Complications Associated with 232 Typical Sequence of General Anesthesia 239 General Anesthesia Anesthetic Agents 235 Types of General Anesthesia 231 Adjuncts to General Anesthesia 240 Levels of General Anesthesia 231 Anesthesia Equipment 241 PERIOPERATIVE MONITORING 225 ANESTHETIC MACHINES AND 228 ANESTHETIC GASES TEMPERATURE CONTROL 247 NERVE CONDUCTION BLOCKADE 244 TYPS OF ANESTHESIA ARE 225 Nerve Conduction Blocking Agents 244 AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>Topical Anesthesia 246 Local Anesthesia 246 Local Anesthesia 245 Regional Anesthesia 246 Regional Anesthesia 239 NONTRADITIONAL ANESTHESIA 249 Perioperative Medical Hypnotherapy 1361 OPTIONS (Ch. 32) TEAM MEMBER ROLES DURING 249 ANESTHESIA ADMINISTRATION Preoperative Visits 250 PREOPERATIVE PREPARATION 222 Preoperative Routine-All Types of 250 PREOPERATIVE PREPARATION 222 Anesthesia Postanesthesia Care 253 PERIANESHTESIA 253 CONSIDERATIONS (Ch. 8) CHAPTER 10 CHAPTER 3 SURGICAL MODALITIES INSTRUMENTATION, EQUIPMENT, CHAPTER 6 SUTURES, NEEDLES AND SUPPLIES AND INSTRUMENTS and Chapters 4, 9, 15, 22, 25, 32 INSTRUMENTATION 259 Composition of Surgical Instruments 205 (Ch. 6) Classifications 259 Instrument Catagories (Ch. 6) 206 Instrument Care and Handling 264 Care and Handling of Instruments (Ch. 6) 215 Types of Instrument Sets 265 SPECIALTY EQUIPMENT 269 Endoscopes 269 Endoscopes (Ch. 3) 42 Endoscopic Instrumentation (Ch. 6) 211 Power Tools 270 Powered Surgical Instruments (Ch. 32) 840 Lasers 270 Laser (Ch. 3) 69 Microscopes 273 Operating Microscopes (Ch. 18) 676 Video Monitors, Recorders, and Cameras 273 VIDEO TECHNOLOGY (Ch. 3) 57 Fiber-optic Headlamps and Light Sources 274 Irrigation/Aspiration Units 274 Hydrodissection and Irrigation (Ch. 3) 94 Cryotherapy Units 274 CryoSurgery (Ch. 3) 95 Insufflators 274 INSUFFLATIN (Ch. 3) 67 Nerve Stimulators 274 ACCESSORY EQUIPMENT 275 Suction Systems 275 Electrosurgical Unit 275 Electosurgery (Ch. 3) 87 Lights 278 Pneumatic Tourniquets 279 Pneumatic Tourniquets (Ch. 22) 835 Sequential Compression Devices 280 Application of Sequential Compression 404 Devices (Ch. 12) SUPPLIES 280 Drapes 280 Creating the Sterile Field with Surgical 148 Drapes (Ch. 4) Sterile Packs 282 Sponges and Dressings 282 Dressings (Ch. 9) 292 Catheters, Tubes, and Drains 285 Drains (Ch. 9) 295 Urethral and Ureteral Catheters (Ch. 15) 530 Chest Drainage Systems (Ch. 25) 1054 Nonsuture Needles 288 Irrigators and Syringes 289 AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>CHAPTER 11 CHAPTER 6 SUTURES, NEEDLES WOUND HEALING, SUTURES, AND INSTRUMENTS NEEDLES, AND STAPLING DEVICES CHAPTER 9 WOUND HEALING, DRESSINGS, AND DRAINS INTRODUCTION 292 CH. 9 WOUND HEALING, 281 DRESSINGS, AND DRAINS TYPES OF WOUNDS 292 ETIOLOGY OF WOUNDS (Ch. 9) 281 Surgical Wound 292 WOUND CLASSIFICATION (Ch. 9) 287 Traumatic Wound 293 WOUND CLASSIFICATION (Ch. 9) 287 Chronic Wound 294 INFLAMMATORY PROCESS 294 TYPES OF WOUND HEALING 294 ETIOLOGY OF WOUNDS (Ch. 9) 281 TYPES OF WOUND CLOSURE First Intention (Primary Union) 294 Primary Intention (Ch.9) 281 Phases of Wound Healing by First Intention 295 PHASES OF HEALING (Ch. 9) 282 Second Intention (Granulation) 295 Second Intention (Granulation) (Ch. 9) 282 Third Intention (Delayed Primary Closure) 295 Delayed Primary Closure, or Tertiary 282 Intention (Ch. 9) FACTORS INFLUENCING WOUND 295 FACTORS AFFECTING WOUND 285 HEALING HEALING (Ch. 9) COMPLICATIONS OF THE HEALING 296 FACTORS AFFECTING WOUND 285 WOUND HEALING (Ch. 9) Intraoperative Wound Care 297 ANTIMICROBIAL PROPHYLAXIS 288 (Ch. 9) Postoperative Wound Care 298 WOUND MANAGEMENT (Ch. 9) 291 DRESSINGS 292 DRAINS 295 SUTURE 298 CH. 6 SUTURES, NEEDLES AND 187 INSTRUMENTS History 298 HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF 187 SURGICAL SUTURES (Ch. 6) Types of Suture Material 299 SUTURE MATERIALS (Ch. 6) 188 Suture Sizes 300 General Factors Affecting Choice of Suture 300 Selection of Suture (Ch. 6) 195 Characteristics of Common Sutures 300 Characteristics of Suture Material (Ch. 6) 189 Packaging of Suture 303 PACKAGING, STORAGE, AND 194 SELECTION OF SUTURES (Ch. 6) Ligatures 303 Methods of Ligating Vessels (Ch. 6) 195 Ligating Methods 303 Methods of Ligating Vessels (Ch. 6) 195 Suture for the Procedure 304 PERIOPERATIVE NURSING 202 CONSIDERATIONS (Ch. 6) Layer Closure 305 Endoscopic Suture 307 Endoscopic Suturing(Ch. 6) 202 Suturing Techniques 307 SUTURING METHODS (Ch. 6) 199 Accessory Devices 309 SKIN TAPES (Ch. 60 196 STAPLING DEVICES 310 SKIN STAPLES (Ch. 6) 196 Types of Staplers 312 SKIN STAPLES (Ch. 6) 196 Meshes or Fabrics 313 NEEDLES 314 SURGICAL NEEDLES (Ch. 6) 196 Needle Eye 314 Eye (Ch. 6) 196 Needle Point 315 Body (Ch. 6) 198 Needle Bodies 315 Body (Ch. 6) 198 AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>CHAPTER 12 No chapter on this subject, but some SURGICAL CASE MANAGEMENT topics are covered in various chapters. INTRODUCTION 318 Applied Theory 319 CONTROLLING INFECTION IN THE 106 PERIOPERATIVE ARENA (Ch. 4) PREOPERATIVE CASE MANAGEMENT 323 Attire 323 Surgical Attire (Ch. 4) 134 Preparing the OR 327 ASEPTIC PRACTICES TO CONTROL 131 INFECTION (Ch. 4) ORGANIZING THE BACK TABLE 341 Basic Table Set-Ups (Ch. 6) 214 Organizing the Mayo Stand 346 Basic Table Set-Ups (Ch. 6) 215 Assisting a Team Member 346 Assisted-Gowning Procedure (Ch. 4) 143 Draping the Surgical Patient 346 Creating the Sterile Field with Surgical 148 Drapes (Ch. 4) Positioning of the Sterile Team Members 353 and the Furniture INTRAOPERATIVE CASE 353 MANAGEMENT General Principles 353 Sponge, Sharp, and Instrument Counts 36 (Ch. 2) Progression of the Surgical Procedure 361 POSTOPERATIVE CASE 363 MANAGEMENT Preservation of the Sterile Field 363 Drape Removal 363 Gown and Glove Removal 364 Removing Soiled, Gown, Gloves, and 146 Mask (Ch. 4) Immediate Postoperative Care 364 Patient Transfer and Transportation 364 Breakdown of the Setup 365 The Operating Room Cycle 365 The Instrument Cycle 366</p><p>CHAPTER 13 No specific chapter on this topic. DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES Diagnostic procedures can be found in the Perioperative Nursing Considerations section under specific surgeries. SOURCES OF PATIENT DATA 371 History and Physical Examination 371 Diagnostic Imaging 371 Laboratory Reports 378 Electrodiagnostic Studies 381 Pulmonary Diagnosis 382 Endoscopy 383 Plethysmography and Phleborheography 383 INDICATIONS FOR SURGERY 383 AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>CHAPTER 14 CHAPTER 11 GASTROINTESTINAL GENERAL SURGERY SURGERY CHAPTER 12 SURGERY OF THE LIVER, BILIARY TRACT, AND SPLEEN CHAPTER 13 REPAIR OF HERNIAS CHAPTER 17 BREAST SURGERY CHAPTER 26 VASCULAR SURGERY CHAPTER 16 THYROID AND PARATHYROID SURGERY ANATOMY 386 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 11) 329 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 12) 395 Abdominal Cavity: General Dimensions 386 Surface Features 386 Abdominal Musculature 387 Peritoneum 387 Retroperitoneum 388 Alimentary Canal 388 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 11) 329 Esophagus 388 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 11) 329 Stomach 389 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 11) 329 Small Intestine 390 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 11) 330 Mesentery 391 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 11) 333 Colon 391 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 11) 334 Rectum 393 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 11) 335 Anus 393 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 11) 335 Omenta 394 Pancreas 394 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 12) 399 Spleen 395 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 12) 399 Liver 395 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 12) 396 Biliary Tract 396 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 12) 399 GENERAL SURGERY 397 INSTRUMENTATION Major Set 397 IMPLEMENTATION (Ch. 11) 344 Minor Set 397 IMPLEMENTATION (Ch. 11) 344 Local Excision Instruments 399 Biliary Instruments 399 Instrumentation (Ch. 12) 405 Intestinal Instruments 400 IMPLEMENTATION (Ch. 11) 344 Other General Instruments 400 IMPLEMENTATION (Ch. 11) 344 ROOM SETUP 400 POSITIONING 400 IMPLEMENTATION (Ch. 11) 344 Positioning the Patient (Ch. 12) 404 DRAPING 400 IMPLEMENTATION (Ch. 11) 344 Draping the Patient (Ch. 12) 405 INCISIONS 402 ABDOMINAL INCISIONS (Ch. 11) 350 SURGERY OF THE ABDOMINAL 404 CH. 13 REPAIR OF HERNIAS 433 WALL: HERNIAS Specific Anatomic Features of the Groin 404 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 13) 433 Area Hernias 405 Hernia Repair 405 SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS (Ch. 13) 442 SURGERY OF THE ALIMENTARY 407 CANAL Surgery of the Esophagus 408 SURGERY OF THE ESOPHAGUS 359 (Ch. 11) AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>Gastric Surgery 408 Pathological Conditions of the Stomach 408 SURGERY OF THE STOMACH 363 (Ch. 11) Procedures Related to Gastric Secretion, 416 SURGERY OF THE ESOPHAGUS 363 Ulcers, and Neoplasm (Ch. 11) Procedures for Morbid Obesity 416 BARIATRIC SURGERY (Ch. 11) 374 Surgery of the Small Bowel 416 SURGERY OF THE SMALL BOWEL 374 (Ch. 11) Appendectomy 420 Appendectomy (Ch. 11) 375 Colon Surgery 425 SURGERY OF THE COLON 378 (Ch. 11) STOMAS 427 Anorectal Surgery 427 SURGERY OF THE RECTUM 391 (Ch. 11) Hemorrhoid Ligation and Excision 430 Hemorroidectomy (Ch. 11) 391 Surgery of the Liver and Biliary Tract 430 SURGERY OF THE BILIARY TRACT 407 (Ch. 12) SURGERY OF THE LIVER(Ch. 12) 423 Common Bile Duct Exploration 439 Open Common Bile Duct Exploration 414 (Ch. 12) SURGERY OF THE PANCREAS AND 447 SURGERY OF THE PANCREAS 418 SPLEEN (Ch. 12) SURGERY OF THE SPLEEN (Ch. 12) 430 Select Pathology of the Pancreas 447 Draining Pancreatic Cysts 448 Drainage or Excision of Pancreatic Cysts- 418 Open Method (Ch. 12) Pancreatic Resection 448 Whipple Pancreaticoduodenectomy 448 Pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple 420 Procedure) (Ch. 12) Surgery of the Spleen 452 SURGERY OF THE SPLEEN (Ch. 12) 430 VASCULAR AND OTHER 454 CH. 26 VASCULAR SURGERY 1079 PROCEDURES Varicose Veins 454 Varicose Vein Excision and Stripping 1113 (Ch. 26) Vascular Access Procedures 455 Muscle and Nerve Biopsies 456 Incision and Drainage 456 Excision of Lesion 456 Endoscopy 457 ENDOSCOPIC PROCEDURES (Ch.11) 357 BREAST SURGERY 457 CH. 17 BREAST SURGERY 635 Breast Anatomy 457 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 17) 635 Breast and Axilla: Pathology and Diagnosis 457 BREAST CANCER (Ch. 17) 635 Breast Surgery (Noncosmetic) 457 SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS (Ch. 1) 647 SURGERY OF THE THYROID AND 461 CH. 16 THYROID AND 619 PARATHYROID PARATHYROID SURGERY Anatomy of the Thyroid and Parathyroid 461 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 16) 619 Pathological Conditions of the Thyroid and 461 PERIOPERATIVE URSING 623 Parathyroid Glands CONSIDERATIONS (Ch. 16) Thyroidectomy 461 SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS (Ch. 16) 629 TRACHEOTOMY 461 TRACHEOSTOMY (Ch. 21) 801 Indications for a Tracheotomy 461 TRACHEOSTOMY (Ch. 21) 801 Illustrative Procedure: Tracheotomy 467 TRACHEOSTOMY (Ch. 21) 801 AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>CHAPTER 15 CHAPTER 14 GYNECOLOGIC OBSTETRIC AND GYNOCOLOGICAL SURGERY AND CESAREAN BIRTH SURGERY INTRODUCTION TO OBSTETRIC AND 478 CH. 14 GYNECOLOGIC SURGERY 45 GYNOCOLOGICAL SURGERY AND CESAREAN BIRTH ANATOMY 478 SURGICAL ANATOMY 455 The Pelvis 478 Bony Pelvis 459 Pelvic Floor 460 External Genitalia 481 Female External Genital Organs (Vulva) 455 Vagina 481 Pelvic Cavity 458 Uterus 482 Pelvic Cavity 455 Fallopian Tubes 483 Pelvic Cavity 457 Ovaries 483 Pelvic Cavity 457 PREGNANCY-A SPECIAL CONDITION 485 ABDOMINAL SURGERY DURING 513 PREGNANCY Select Key Terms in Labor and Delivery 486 Labor 486 SPECIAL INSTRUMENTATION, 487 Implementation 465 DRUGS, EQUIPMENT, AND SUPPLIES IN OBSTETRIC AND GYNOCOLOGICAL SURGERY Instrumentation 487 Instrumentation 466 Drugs 487 Equipment 494 Supplies 494 Dressings, Drains, and Packing 468 OR SETUP AND BASIC PATIENT 494 Positioning 466 POSITIONING AND DRAPING Prepping 468 SURGICAL PROCEDURES: 494 SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS 471 OBSTETRICS AND FERTILITY RELATED Pathology and Surgical Conditions: 494 Obstetrics and Fertility Related Vaginal Delivery 495 Cesarean Section 497 Cesarean Birth 513 Tubal Occlusion (Sterilization) Procedures 503 Tubal Ligation 508 Tuboplasty 504 Microscopic Reconstructive Surgery of 507 the Fallopian Tube Laproscopic Resection of Unruptured Tubal 507 Ectopic Tubal Pregnancy 495 Pregnancy SURGICAL PROCEDURES: 510 SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS 471 GYNECOLOGICAL PROCEDURES Gynecological Pathology 510 SURGICAL INTERVENTION 510 OVERVIEW Abdominal Incisions for Gynecological 510 Surgery Surgical Intervention: Laparoscopy 515 Laparoscopy 492 Basic Colposcopy 518 Hysteroscopy 518 Hysteroscopy 487 Marsupialization of Bartholin’s Gland Cyst 521 Marsupialization of Bartholin’s Duct Cyst 487 or Abscess Simple Vulvectomy 521 Simple Vulvectomy 471 Anterior and Posterior Repair 524 Plastic Reconstructive Repair of the 473 (Colporrhaphy) Vagina (Anterior and Posterior Repair; AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>Colporrhaphy) Cervical Biopsy, Cryotherapy, Laser 533 Conization and Biopsy of the Cervix 484 Treatment, LEEP, and Conization Dilation and Curettage 535 Dilation of the Cervix and Curettage 480 Myomectomy 538 Abdominal Myomectomy 500 Total Abdominal Hysterectomy and 542 Total Abdominal Hysterectomy 498 Bilateral Salpingo-oophorectomy (TAH- BSO) Vaginal and Laparoscopically Assisted 546 Vaginal Hysterectomy 491 Vaginal Hysterectomy (LAVH) Laparoscopic-Assisted Vaginal 497 Hysterectomy Radical Cancer Surgery: Total Pelvic 547 Pelvic Exenteration 503 Exenteration CHAPTER 16 CHAPTER 18 OPHTHALMIC SURGERY OPHTHALMIC SURGERY ANATOMY OF THE EYE 554 SURGICAL ANATOMY 657 Orbit 554 Bony Orbit 657 Extrinsic Muscles 555 Muscles 659 Lacrimal System 555 Lacrimal Apparatus 567 Globe 556 Globe 659 Cavities and Chambers of the Eye 558 OPHTHALMIC SURGICAL 558 PATHOLOGY Glaucoma 558 Cataract 558 Small Retinal Detachment 558 Large Retinal Detachment 558 Vitreous Hemorrhage 558 Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy (PVR) 559 Traction Retinal Detachment 559 Epiretinal Membarane 559 Corneal Pathology 559 Chalazion 559 Pterygium 559 Dacryocystitis 559 Strabismus 559 OPTHALMIC MEDICATIONS 560 Ophthalmic Pharmacology 669 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS IN 560 Implementation 666 OPHTHALMIC SURGERY Special Equipment 560 Ophthalmic Sutures 678 Instruments 561 Instrumentation 675 SURGICAL INTERVENTION 562 SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS 680 Surgical Repair of Ptosis 562 Surgery for Unilateral or Bilateral Ptosis 683 Iridectomy 563 Iridectomy 700 Trabeculoplasty 563 Laser Trabeculoplasty 703 Strabismus Correction: 563 Recession/Resection Adjustable Suture Surgery 566 Scleral Buckle 567 Scleral Buckling 705 Enucleation and Evisceration of the Eye 571 Enucleation 687 (Traditional Approach) Evisceration 689 Keratoplasty (Corneal Transplant) 573 (Corneal Transplant) Keratoplasty 692 Cataract Extraction 577 Cataract Extraction 696 Phacoemulsification 580 Cataract Extraction 697 AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>Vitrectomy 580 VITRECTOMY 707</p><p>CHAPTER 17 CHAPTER 19 OTOLOGIC OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGIC SURGERY SURGERY CHAPTER20 RHINOLOGIC AND SINUS SURGERY CHAPTER 21 LARYNGLOGICAND HEAD AND NECK SURGERY ANATOMY OF THE EAR 587 SURGICAL ANATOMY 717 Outer Ear 587 External, Middle, and Inner Ear 717 Middle Ear 588 External, Middle, and Inner Ear 717 Inner Ear 588 External, Middle, and Inner Ear 717 PATHOLOGY OF THE EAR 589 Pathology Affecting the Outer Ear 589 Pathology Affecting the Middle Ear 589 Pathology Affecting the Inner Ear 590 Diagnostic Procedures/Tests for the Ear 590 PERIOPERATIVE NURSING 721 CONSIDERATIONS PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS 591 Planning and Implementation 723 SPECIAL INSTRUMENTS, SUPPLIES, 592 Implementation 728 DRUGS EAR PROCEDURES 592 SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS 733 Myringotomy 592 Myringotomy 733 Myringoplasty/Tympanoplasty 596 Tympanoplasty 735 Mastoidectomy 600 Mastoidectomy 736 Stapedectomy 600 Stapedectomy 738 Stapedotomy 600 Stapedotomy 740 Cochlear Implants 601 Cochlear Implantation 745 ANATOMY OF THE NOSE AND 601 SURGICAL ANATOMY 751 SINUSES External Nose 601 SURGICAL ANATOMY 751 Internal Nose 601 SURGICAL ANATOMY 751 Paranasal Sinuses 602 SURGICAL ANATOMY 751 Blood Supply to the Nose 602 SURGICAL ANATOMY 751 Olfaction 603 SURGICAL ANATOMY 751 PATHOLOGY OF THE NOSE AND 603 PARANASAL SINUSES Rhinitis/Sinusitis 603 Nasal Polyps 604 Hypertrophied Turbinates 604 Deviated Nasal Septum 604 Septal Perforation 604 Epistaxis 604 DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES 605 Direct Vision 605 Mirror Examination 605 Radiography 605 PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS 605 Planning 756 SPECIAL INSTRUMENTS, SUPPLIES, 606 Implementation 758 AND DRUGS NASAL PROCEDURES 609 SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS 761 Submucous Resection (SMR) 609 Septoplasty or Submucous Resection of 761 the Septum (SMR) Polypectomy 612 Nasal Polypectomy 776 AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>Intranasal Antrostomy 612 Removal of Foreign Body 612 Internal Maxillary Artery Ligation 613 Sinus Procedures 613 Sinus Surgery 766 Caldwell-Luc 613 Caldwell-Luc with Radical Antrosomy 777 Ethmoidectomy 615 Ethmoidectomy 776 Sphenoidectomy 616 Sphenoidectomy 776 Drainage of the Frontal Sinus 616 Frontal Sinus Trephination 774 Frontal Sinus Operation (External 776 Approach)-Trephine nd Obliteration Sinus Endoscopy 616 Endoscopic Sinus Suargery 767 ANATOMY OF THE UPPER 618 SURGICAL ANATOMY 781 AERODIGESTIVE TRACT Pharynx 618 Pharynx 781 Larynx 620 Larynx and Associated Structures 782 Trachea 621 Trachea 783 Bronchi and Lungs 621 . Esophagus 621 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 11) 329 PATHOLOGY AFFECTING THE UPPER 621 AERODIGESTIVE TRACT Pharyngitis 621 Epiglottis 622 Tonsillitis 622 Sleep Apnea 623 Laryngitis 623 Polypoid Corditis or Vocal Cord Polyps 623 Vocal Cord Nodules 623 Vocal Cord Granulomas 623 Laryngeal Neoplasms 624 Tracheitis and Bronchitis 624 Laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup) 624 Foreign Bodies 624 PATHOLOGY AFFECTING THE 624 ESOPHAGUS Esophagitis 624 Ulceration of the Esophagus 624 Neoplasms Affecting the Esophagus 624 Foreign Bodies 625 Zenker’s Diverticulum 625 DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES/TESTS 625 Assesment 786 Direct Visualization 625 Indirect Visualization 625 Laboratory Tests 625 Assesment 786 Radiological Examinations 625 Assesment 786 Videostroboscopy 626 Polysomnography 626 Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) 626 PREOPERATIVE CONSIDERATIONS 626 Implementation 787 SPECIAL INSTRUMENTS, SUPPLIES, 626 Implementation 789 DRUGS AERODIGESTIVE TRACT 628 SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS 792 PROCEDURES Adenoidectomy 628 Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy 1250 (Ch. 29) AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>Tonsillectomy 628 Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy 1250 (Ch. 29) Incision and Drainage of a Peritonsellar 631 Abscess Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty 631 UVULOPALATOPHARYNGOPLASTY 803 Laryngoscopy 633 LARYNGOSCOPY 792 Bronchoscopy 636 BRONCHOSCOPY 793 Esophagoscopy 636 ESOPHAGOSCOPY 793 Panendoscopy 636 Radical Neck Dissection with 636 RADICAL NECK DISSECTION 793 Mandibulectomy CHAPTER 18 No chapter on this topic. ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY ANATOMY OF THE ORAL CAVITY 645 Lips 645 Teeth 645 Palate 646 Cheeks 646 Tongue 646 ANATOMY OF THE FACE AND 646 CRANIUM Orbit 647 Facial Muscles and Innervation 647 EMBRYOLOGICAL EVELOPMENT OF 648 THE FACE PATHOLOGY OF THE ORAL CAVITY 649 Mouth 649 Jaw Bones 649 Mandibular Fractures 649 Frontal Fractures 650 Orbital Fractures 650 Zygomatic Fractures 650 Midfacial Fractures 651 Craniofacial Deformities 651 DIAGNOSTIC TESTS 651 ORAL PROCEDURES: GENERAL 652 CONSIDERATIONS Tooth Extraction/Odontectomy 653 Tooth Restoration 657 Implantation 657 MAXILLOFACIAL PROCEDURES: 658 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS Graft Materials 658 BONE GRAFTING (Ch. 22) 851 Repair of Mandibular/Maxillary Fractures 659 Reduction of Maxillary Fractures 1028 (Ch. 24) Application of Arch Bars 659 Reduction of Mandibular Fracture 1028 (Ch. 24) Wire Fixation 662 Reduction of Mandibular Fracture 1028 (Ch. 24) Plate and Screw Fixation of Mandibular 663 Fracture Frontal Fracture Repair 666 Orbital Floor Fracture Repair 667 Repair of Fracture of the orbit (Blowout) 689 AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>(Ch. 18) Reduction of Zygomatic Fractures 670 Reduction of Zygomatic Fractures 1029 (Ch. 24) Le Fort I Fracture Repair 671 Reduction of Maxillary Fractures 1028 (Ch. 24) Le Fort II and III Fracture Repair 675 Reduction of Maxillary Fractures 1028 (Ch. 24) Craniofacial Reconstruction 675 Correction of Retrognathism or 679 Prognathism Temporomandibular Joint Procedures 682 CHAPTER 19 CHAPTER 24 PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY SURGERY ANATOMY 685 Skin and Underlying Structures 685 Palate 687 Nose 687 Hand 687 Breast 694 SURGICAL PATHOLOGY 694 Pathology Affecting the Skin 694 Cleft Lip and Palate 696 Pathology Affecting the Hand 697 Pathology Affecting the Breast 701 DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES AND 701 TESTS SPECIAL INSTRUMENTATION, 701 Special Mechanical Devices 1009 SUPPLIES, DRUGS, AND EQUIPMENT Nasal Set 701 Dermatome 702 Dermatome 1008 Mesh Graft Device 704 Skin Meshers 1009 SURGICAL INTERVENTION 704 SURGICAL INTERVENTION 1015 Rhytidectomy 704 Rhytidectomy (Facelift) 1034 Blepharoplasty 706 Blepharoplasty 1033 Suction Lipectomy 707 Liposuction 1036 Abdominoplasty 708 Abdominoplasty 1036 Skin Grafts 709 Replacement of Lost Tissue (Skin Graft) 1015 Dermabrasion 713 Dermabrasion 1034 Scar Revision 713 Scar Revision 1035 Cheiloplasty and Palatoplasty 713 PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE 1255 SURGERY (Ch. 29) Rhinoplasty 714 Rhinoplasty 1033 Hand Surgery 716 MICROSURGICAL REPLANTATION 1038 Mammoplasty 723 BREAST RECONSTRUCTION 1021</p><p>CHAPTER 20 CHAPTER 15 GENITOURINARY SURGERY GENITOURINARY SURGERY ANATOMY 732 SURGICAL ANATOMY 519 Suprarenal Glands 732 Adrenal Glands 519 Kidneys 732 Kidneys 519 Ureters 735 Ureters 520 Urinary Bladder 736 Urinary Bladder 520 Male Reproductive System 737 Urethra 522 AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>Prostate Gland and Male Reproductive 524 Organs PATHOLOGY AFFECTING THE 739 ADRENAL GLANDS Cushing’s Syndrome 739 Adrenal Insufficiency (Addison’s Disease) 739 Pheochromocytoma 739 PATHOLOGY AFFECTING THE 739 URINARY SYSTEM Bladder Tumors 739 Urinary Calculi 740 Kidney Disorders 740 PATHOLOGY AFFECTING THE MALE 743 REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Phimosis 743 Hypospadias/Epispadias 743 Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy 743 Cancer of the Prostate 744 Cryptorchidism 744 Testicular Torsion 744 Testicular Cancer 744 Trauma to the Genitourinary System 745 DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES/TESTS 745 History and Physical 745 Assessment 523 Laboratory Findings 745 Assessment 523 Radiological Findings 751 Assessment 523 Biopsy 751 Endoscopy 751 DIAGNOSTIC AND ENDOSCOPIC 536 PROCEDURES (Ch. 15) SPECIAL EQUIPMENT, 751 Implementation 526 INSTRUMENTS, SUPPLIES, DRUGS PREOPERATIVE AND 752 Implementation 526 INTRAOPERATIVE PREPARATION Incisional Options 754 SURGICAL PROCEDURES 757 SURGICAL INTERVENTONS 536 Adrenalectomy 757 Adrenalectomy 616 Nephrectomy 757 Nephrectomy 610 Renal Transplant 762 Kidney Transplant 613 Stone Removal 763 SURGERY OF THE URETERS AND 602 KIDNEY Cystostomy 764 Suprapubic Cystostomy 583 Cystectomy/Ileal Conduit 766 Radical Cystectomy with Pelvic 595 Lymphadenectomy Procedures for Stress Incontinence 771 Vesicourethral Suspension (Marshall- 587 Affecting Women Marcheti-Krantz) Transvaginal Bladder Neck Suspension 588 Suburethral Sling 589 TVT Sling 591 Transurethral Endoscopy of the 774 DIAGNOSTIC AND ENDOSCOPIC 536 Genitourinary Tract PROCEDURES Transurethral Ureteropyeloscopy 540 Circumcision 776 Circumcision (Ch. 29) 1239 Orchiectomy 778 Orchiectomy 555 Orchiopexy 778 Orchiopexy (Ch. 29) 1247 AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>Hydrocelectomy 781 Hydrocelectomy 551 Varicocelectomy 781 Varicocelectomy 554 Hypospadias Repair 782 Hypospadias Repair (Ch. 29) 1241 Insertion of Inflatable Penile Prosthesis 782 Penile Implant 547 Vasectomy 783 Vasectomy 552 Vasovasostomy 784 Vasovasostomy 553 Prostatectomy 784 Transurethral Resection of the Prostate 560 Gland Suprapubic Prostatectomy 564</p><p>CHAPTER 21 CHAPTER 22 ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY BONE AND BONE TISSUE 792 Anatomic Structures 817 Bone Tissue 792 Anatomic Structures 817 Types of Bones 794 Anatomic Structures 819 Types of Joints 794 Anatomic Structures 817 Bone Growth and Bone Cells 797 Intramembranous Bones 798 Endochondral Bone 798 Mineral Storage 798 Factors That Affect Bone Growth 798 Clinical and Bone Landmark Terms 798 PATHOLOGY 798 Types of Fractures 805 Normal Bone Healing 805 Pathological Bone Healing 806 Diagnostic Terms and Procedures 808 THE SKELETON 808 Anatomic Structures 817 The Skull 808 Head (Ch. 23) 931 Vertebral Column 811 Vertebrae 819 Bones of the Thoracic Region 812 Clavicles 812 Shoulder and Upper Extremity 819 Scapula 812 Shoulder and Upper Extremity 819 Pectoral Girdle 812 Shoulder and Upper Extremity 819 Humerus 812 Shoulder and Upper Extremity 820 Radius and Ulna 813 Shoulder and Upper Extremity 820 Hand and Wrist 814 Wrist and Hand 820 Pelvis 814 Pelvis, Hip and Femur 822 Hip and Femur 814 Pelvis, Hip and Femur 822 Tibia and Fibula 814 Knee, Tibia, and Fibula 822 Ankle and Foot 816 Ankle and Foot 825 EQUIPMENT 818 Implementation 828 Positioning Devices 818 Positioning and Positioning Aids 830 Pneumatic Tourniquets 819 Pneumatic Tourniquets 834 Traction 819 Traction 835 Lasers 819 Lasers 838 Radiography 819 Radiographic Intervention 833 Air Flow 820 Airflow Control 838 Continuous Passive Range-of-Motion 820 Postoperative Management 838 Machines Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve 820 ELECTRICAL STIMULATION 850 Stimulation Electrical Stimulation of Bone 820 ELECTRICAL STIMULATION 850 AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>Saws, Drills, and Reamers 820 Orthopedic Instrumentation 840 Arthroscopic Equipment 820 ARTHROSCOPY 915 SUPPLIES 821 Instruments and Accessory Items 839 Implants 821 Implant Inventories 839 Suture 821 Suture Material 840 Methyl Methacrylate 821 Polymethyl Methacrylate 840 Pharmacology 821 Medications 844 PROCEDURES 822 SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS 850 Bone Grafting 822 Bone Grafting 850 Knee Arthroscopy 824 Arthroscopy Of The Knee 915 Arthroscopic Repair of Meniscal Tear 827 Operative Arthroscopy 918 Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament 918 Repair Repair Above-the-Knee Amputation Endoscopic Carpal Tunnel Release 832 Carpal Tunnel Release 871 Colle’s Fracture 835 Correction of Colle’s Fracture with 871 External Fixation Metacarpal Phalangeal Joint Arthroplasty 840 Metacarpal Arthroplasty 913 Triple Arthrodesis 840 Triple Arthrodesis 893 Achilles Tendon Repair 841 Bunionectomy 842 Bunionectomy 894 Open Reduction-Internal Fixation (ORIF) 842 Open Reduction and Internal Fixation 858 of the Humerus Fractures of the Humeral Shaft 863 Shoulder Joint Arthroscopy 845 Arthroscopy of the Shoulder 921 Acromioplasty 846 Repair of the Rotator Cuff 846 Correction of Rotator Cuff Tear 861 Internal Fixation of Femoral Shaft Fracture 851 Internal Fixation 857 Supracondylar Fractures of the Femur 885 Repair of Hip Fracture 852 Hip Fractures 874 Total Hip Arthroplasty 852 Total Hip Replacement 902 Total Knee Arthroplasty 859 Total Knee Replacement 902</p><p>CHAPTER 22 CHAPTER 25 THORACIC SURGERY CARDIOTHORACIC SURGERY CHAPTER 27 CARDIAC SURGERY CHAPTER 29 PEDIATRIC SURGERY ANATOMY OF THE CHEST 864 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 25) 1043 The Thorax 864 SURGICAL ANATOMY 1043 The Trachea 866 Trachea (Ch. 21) 783 The Bronchial Tree 866 SURGICAL ANATOMY 1045 The Lungs 867 SURGICAL ANATOMY 1045 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF 868 SURGICAL ANATOMY (Ch. 27) 1117 THE HEART Location of the Heart 868 SURGICAL ANATOMY 1117 Coverings of the Heart 869 SURGICAL ANATOMY 1117 The Heart Wall 869 SURGICAL ANATOMY 1117 The Heart Chambers 869 SURGICAL ANATOMY 1117 The Heart Valves 869 SURGICAL ANATOMY 1117 Blood Flow Through the Heart 870 SURGICAL ANATOMY 1117 Blood Supply for the Heart 871 SURGICAL ANATOMY 1117 The Cardiac Cycle 871 Cardiac Output 872 Cardiac Conduction 872 SURGICAL ANATOMY 1117 Anatomical Development of the Heart 872 OPERATIVE PATHOLOGY 873 AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>The Chest Wall 873 The Mediastinum 873 The Lungs 874 Thoracic Trauma 875 Thoracic Outlet Syndrome 877 Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm 877 Coronary Artery Disease 879 Valvular Disease 881 Cardiomyopathy 882 Cardiac Dysrythmias 882 Congenital Heart Defects 884 DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES: THORAX 887 SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS(Ch. 25) 1058 Bronchoscopy 887 Standard Bronchoscopy Using Rigid 1058 Bronchoscope Bronchoscopy Using Flexible 1062 Bronchoscope Mediastinoscopy 887 Mediastinoscopy 1063 Thoracoscopy 887 Thoracoscopy 1064 Thoracentesis 889 DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES: 889 Diagnostic Studies (Ch. 27) 1124 CARDIAC Radiological Studies 889 Diagnostic Studies 1124 SURGICAL INTERVENTION: 889 SURGICAL INTERVENTION (Ch. 25) 1058 THORACIC Special Preoperative Considerations 889 PERIOPERATIVE NURSING 1047 CONSIDERATIONS Special Instrumentation, Supplies, Drugs, 889 Implementation 1051 and Equipment Patient Preparation 890 Implementation 1049 Thoracoscopy 892 Thoracoscopy 1064 Scalene/Supraclavicular Node Biopsy 895 Thoracotomy for Upper Lobectomy 895 Thoracotomy 1065 Thoracotomy for Right Pneumonectomy 899 Pneumonectomy 1066 Thoracotomy for Wedge Resection or 899 Segmental Resection 1069 Segmentectomy Decortication of Lung 899 Decortication 1072 SURGICAL INTERVENTION: 900 PERIOPERATIVE NURSING 1121 CARDIAC (ADULT) CONSIDERATIONS (Ch. 27) SURGICAL INTERVENTION (Ch. 27) 1153 Preoperative Considerations 900 PERIOPERATIVE NURSING 1121 CONSIDERATIONS Patient Preparation 901 PERIOPERATIVE NURSING 1142 CONSIDERATIONS Techniques of Cardiopulmonary Bypass 901 Cardiopulmonary Bypass ((CPB) 1145 Mechanical Circulatory Assistance 904 Mechanical and Biological Circulatory 1176 Assistance Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting 905 SURGERY FOR CORANARY 1157 ARTERY DISEASE Aortic Valve Replacement 911 SURGERY FOR THE AORTIC VALVE 1170 Mitral Valve Replacement 916 SURGERY FOR THE MITRL VALVE 1165 Thoracic Aortic Aneurysmectomy 917 SURGERY FOR THE THORACIC 1171 AORTA Pericardiectomy/Pericardial Window 918 PERICARDIECTOMY 1156 Heart Transplantation 919 Heart Transplantation 111 AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p>Permanent Pacemaker Insertion 920 Insertion of Permanent Pacemaker 1183 Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary 921 Angioplasty SURGICAL INTERVENTION: 921 SURGERY FOR CONGENITAL 1266 CARDIAC (PEDIATRIC) HEART DISEASE (Ch. 29) Special Preoperative Preparation 922 PERIOPERATIVE NURSING 1211 CONSIDERATIONS Atrial Septal Defect 922 Surgery for Atrial Septal Defect 1267 Ventricular Septal Defect 922 Surgery for Ventricular Septal Defect 1268 Patent Ductus Arteriosus 923 Closure of Patent Ductus Arteriosus 1280 Correction of Aortic Coarctation 924 Repair of Coactation of the Aorta 1282 Procedure for Correction of Tetralogy of 924 Correction of Tetralogy of Fallot 1272 Fallot Procedure for Correction of Transposition 925 Operations for Correction of 1273 of the Great Arteries Transposition of the Great Arteries CHAPTER 23 CHAPTER 26 VASCULAR SURGERY PERIPHERAL VASCULAR SURGERY PERIPHERAL VASCULAR SURGERY 928 VASCULAR SURGERY 1079 SURGICAL ANATOMY 928 SURGICAL ANATOMY 1079 Blood Vessels 928 SURGICAL ANATOMY 1079 Blood Pressure 930 SURGICAL ANATOMY 1079 The Arterial System 931 SURGICAL ANATOMY 1079 The Venous System 933 SURGICAL ANATOMY 1079 OPERATIVE PATHOLOGY AND 934 ARTERIAL DISEASE 1080 DIAGNOSIS VENOUS DISEASE 1086 Arterial Embolism 935 Acute Arterial Insufficiency 1081 Arteriosclerosis Obliterans 935 Chronic Arterial Insufficiency 1080 Aneurysms of the Abdominal Aorta 936 Aneurysmal Disease 1083 SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS 937 SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS 1097 Peripheral Vessel Angioplasty 937 Precutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty 1101 Bypass Grafting and Endarterectomy 939 Carotid Endarterectomy with Shunt 1109 Features of Peripheral Vascular Procedure 940 PERIOPERATIVE NURSING 1086 CONSIDERATIONS Aortofemoral Bypass 943 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysmectomy 947 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Resection 1097 Femoropopliteal Bypass 950 Femoral -Popliteal Bypass 1102 Femorofemoral Bypass 954 Femorofemoral Bypass 1102 Axillofemoral Bypass 956 Carotid Endarterectomy 959 Carotid Endarterectomy 1106 CHAPTER 24 CHAPTER 23 NEUROSURGERY NEUROSURGERY SURGICAL ANATOMY 966 SURGICAL ANATOMY 931 Divisions of the Nervous System 966 SURGICAL ANATOMY 931 Cranium 966 Head 931 Vertebral Column 973 Back 947 Blood Supply 974 Blood Supply 938 Cranial Nerves 974 Cranial Nerves 941 Spinal Nerves 974 Peripheral Nerves 953 NEUROSURGICAL PATHOLOGY 976 Cervical Spine 976 Pathological lesions of the Spinal Cord 951 and Adjacent Structures Thoracic Spine 977 Pathological lesions of the Spinal Cord 951 and Adjacent Structures Lumbar Spine 978 Pathological lesions of the Spinal Cord 951 AST. Surgical Technology, 2E. Rothrock. Alexander’s Care of the Patient in Surgery, Delmar Learning 12E. Elsevier</p><p> and Adjacent Structures Neoplasms 979 Head 943 Head Injury 980 Head 945 Spinal Cord Injury 982 Pathological lesions of the Spinal Cord 951 and Adjacent Structures Cerebrovascular Disease 982 Head 945 Congenital Abnormalities 983 Head 945 INFECTION 984 Abscess 984 Pathological lesions of the Spinal Cord 951 and Adjacent Structures Spinal Tumors 985 Pathological lesions of the Spinal Cord 952 and Adjacent Structures Peripheral Nerve Disorders 985 NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES 986 PERIOPERATIVE NURSING 955 CONSIDERATIONS SURGICAL INTERVENTION Special Instrumentation, Supplies, Drugs, 986 Implementation 959 and Equipment Patient Preparation 990 Implementation 955 Craniotomy 991 Craniotomy 971 Craniectomy 1001 Craniectomy 980 Ventriculoperitoneal and Ventriculoatrial 1005 Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt 970 Shunt Transphenoidal Hypophysectomy 1008 Transphenoidal Hypophysectomy 983 Stereotactic Procedure 1011 Stereotactic Procedures 987 Cranioplasty 1012 Cranioplasty 984 Spinal Procedures 1012 BACK SURGERY 990 Peripheral Nerve Procedure 1020 PERIPHERAL NERVE SURGERY 997 ADVANCES IN NEUROSURGERY 1022 Intraoperative MRI 1022 Three-Dimensional Reconstruction 1022 Radiosurgery 1022 Minimal Invasive Techniques 1022 Stereotaxis 1022 Intraoperative Ultrasound 1023 Brain Mapping 1023 Endoscopic Neurosurgery 1023 Deep Brain Stimulation 1023</p><p>APPENDIX A: ANATOMY PLATES 1025 APPENDIX B: COMMON PREFIXES 1036 AND SUFFIXES APPENDIX C: MEASUREMENTS 1039</p>