<p> Australia Study Guide</p><p>1. TRUE OR FALSE? The high literacy rate in Australia affects its economy by lowering the GDP and decreasing the standard of living for its citizens? FALSE, it increases GDP and standard of living</p><p>2. Define tariff: taxes on goods imported to a country. Govt controls imports to increase revenue($) and protect goods being brought into nation</p><p>3. What did Europeans bring to Australia that killed many Aborigines? disease</p><p>4. How do entrepreneurs impact the economy? Positively or negatively, EXPLAIN? Positively! The develop businesses which help add to a nation’s economic success</p><p>5. Which continent did Australia’s first settlers arrive from? Asia</p><p>6. Giving computers to prepare for high-tech jobs is investing in which productive goods? Natural OR human OR capital? Capital</p><p>7. Why is it important for a country to utilize its own resources before importing goods from other nations? Because if a country uses its own resources then they profit and benefit, adding to the economy. They wont have to pay other nations for goods</p><p>8. Define penal colony? Where prisoners are exiled to a remote, isolated location</p><p>9. Why did Europeans chose to colonize Australia as punishment for prisoners? Because it was an island making it difficult for prisoners to escape</p><p>10. TRUE OR FALSE? Timber is one of Australia’s most valuable resources? TRUE</p><p>11. Describe Australia’s outback: a Desert or vast, flat plain that extends across central Australia</p><p>12. Which occupation has MOST influenced Australia’s economy? Farmers ~~~~ WHY?</p><p>13. The colonization of Australia MOST likely happened due to which group of people? prisoners</p><p>14. How did the population of Australia change due to the ice age? When the water/sea level dropped, the land was exposed and the population grew</p><p>15. Define Great Barrier Reef? World’s largest coral reef </p><p>~Which body of water is it found? Coral sea. </p><p>16. What happened to the Aborigines population in the 19th century? Died because of Europeans and disease 17. Why can’t Australian’s depend on tourism as a year-round job? Because tourism is seasonal and only happens at certain times in the year</p><p>18. Define overfishing: too much fishing keeps the fish from re-populating. </p><p>19. What title does the leader of Australia have? Head of state</p><p>20. Define bicameral: legislature with 2 houses</p><p>21. Define in OWN words entrepreneur: person who takes risks and starts a business</p><p>22. Which type of economy does Australia have? mixed </p><p>Define this type of economy? Economic system that allows for simultaneous operation of public and private businesses</p><p>23. What types of things does the Australian gov’t do/build to invest in human capital for their country? Universities, education, school programs</p><p>24. List 3 environmental concerns in Australia? Ozone depletion, destruction of great barrier reef, global warming</p><p>25. List 3 major industries that have benefited from investing in human capital? Technology, agriculture/livestock, manufactures</p><p>26. define human capital: people who are strong workers and add to the economy</p><p>27. List 3 things that are important for economic success in Australia? Tourism, fishing, farming, trade</p><p>28. What types of things is the Australian gov’t doing to help its ecosystem? Creating tree plantations, new laws to protect environment</p><p>29. TRUE or FALSE: Computers are capital goods that help Australia’s economy? TRUE, assembly lines and phones all help the economy. EDUCATION is human good NOT capital.</p><p>**For 30-33 describe the location and list 3 features that are near the following physical features:</p><p>30. Great Barrier Reef: Northeastern coast off Australia. In the Coral Sea</p><p>31. Coral Sea: North Eastern sea off coast of Australia. Home to Great Barrier Reef.</p><p>32. Ayers Rock: Central Australia. In the outback region</p><p>33. Great Victoria Desert: Desert in the outback. In S. Australia Providence</p>