<p> 1</p><p>Aquatic Ecosystems and Biodiversity (Ch. 7)</p><p>I. Aquatic Environments</p><p>A. Identify two major types of aquatic life zones</p><p>1. </p><p>What is salinity?</p><p>2.</p><p>What percent of the earth is covered in water?</p><p>B. Define and give examples of these groups of organisms in ALZs</p><p>1. plankton (three types)</p><p>2. nekton—</p><p>3. benthos—</p><p>4. decomposers—</p><p>C. Aquatic vs Terrestrial Ecosystems</p><p>1. List 3 things that make studying aquatic ecosystems more difficult than terrestrial.</p><p>2. List 4 environmental factors that that determine types and numbers of organisms found in the layers of ALZs</p><p>3. What is the euphotic zone?</p><p>4. Where is the level of D.O. highest?</p><p>5. Where are levels of CO2 highest and lowest?</p><p>6. What is NPP like near upwellings?</p><p>7. List 7 advantages and 4 disadvantages of living in water.(Fig 7-3) 2</p><p>II. Saltwater Life Zones</p><p>A. Importance of the oceans Make a list of ecological and economic services the oceans provide (fig 7-5)</p><p>Ecological:</p><p>Economic</p><p>B. Major parts Label and define (see pgs 130, 131, 136, 137) the diagram given to you in class.</p><p>C. Estuaries, Coastal Wetlands, and mangrove swamps</p><p>1. define each & provide examples</p><p> estuary—</p><p> coastal wetland--</p><p> mangrove forest--</p><p>2. What are temperature and salinity levels like in coastal wetlands and estuaries?</p><p>3. What is the result of constant water movement in these areas?</p><p>4. What else do these areas do? (4 things)</p><p>5. How has man treated these areas?</p><p>D. Rocky and Sandy shores</p><p>What is the intertidal zone? </p><p>What are some difficulties nature presents to organisms living in this area? 3</p><p>E. Barrier Islands</p><p>What are they?</p><p>What do they do?</p><p>What are dunes and what do they do?</p><p>F. Coral Reefs</p><p>Where are they?</p><p>Describe their ecological complexity.</p><p>Why are they vulnerable to damage?</p><p>List the ways that humans impact coral reefs. (Fig 7-13)</p><p>G. General Human impact on marine ecosystems. Using Fig 7-14, list ways in which humans have impacted marine ecosystems.</p><p>Why has this happened?</p><p>Do you think it will get worse or better? Why?</p><p>III. Freshwater Life Zones</p><p>A. Lakes, Wetlands, and Rivers</p><p>1. What is the salinity of freshwater? Of sea water? (ask Mr. Ko)</p><p>2. Identify ecological and economic services provided by FLZs. Fig 7-15</p><p>Ecological</p><p>Economic 4</p><p>B. Lakes</p><p>1. What is lake and how are they created?</p><p>2. Label and define on the sheet given in class. (Fig 7-16)</p><p>3. What are overturns?</p><p>When do they occur? </p><p>What are two things they do?</p><p>4. Compare/define oligotrophic, eutrophic, and mesotrophic lakes</p><p>5. What is cultural/accelerated eutrophication? (Discussed back in the ecosystems chapter, so refer to that for details)</p><p>C. Streams and Rivers</p><p>1. What is surface water and runoff?</p><p>2. What is a watershed or drainage basin?</p><p>3. What is the riparian zone? (See Mr. Ko)</p><p>D. Freshwater inland wetlands</p><p>1. What are they? Include examples.</p><p>2. List some ecological and economic services provided by inland wetlands.</p><p>Ecological</p><p>Economic</p><p>E. Human impact on freshwater systems</p><p>Identify the four major impacts humans have had on freshwater ecosystems.</p>