April 2016 UCT News Issue 10 Join UCT's online community Journeys through academia: In this latest edition of UCT News, we track the unexpected twists and turns taken by UCT staff and students on their journeys to and through higher education. For more stories like these, keep an eye on the UCT website. How can we transform the professoriate? Dean-designate Bongani Mayosi outlines what can be done to grow and fast-track a new cohort of black and women professors in the Faculty of Health Sciences, using his own career path as a case study. Read more ... Activities News Make a name for yourself: Activist-academic: Rashida “History is like a puzzle”: How a university buildings are under Manjoo's journey from clothing master’s student pieced together review, and UCT wants your input factory clerk to UN investigator of the details of UCT's first black violence against women medical doctor How the Drama Department When an inspiring lecturer PhD student and indigenous interprets South Africa through changes your life’s course: language programmer Joan local lenses, using works from Introducing Ingrid Woolard, Byamugisha’s story is a lesson in SA playwrights UCT’s new dean of commerce persistence What's on at UCT? Find out more How toolmaker-turned-teacher Postdoctoral fellow Tana Joseph’s about university concerts, Gideon Nomdo ended up journey to the stars began when seminars, talks and public lectures recruiting young black students she was 11 with a scrapbook of into academia Hubble images Make it here Applications for study at UCT in 2017 are now open. If you know someone who wants to study at UCT, now’s the time to apply. Visit applyonline.uct.ac.za to submit an application online, or contact the Admissions Office on [email protected] for more info. Watch the video For cutting-edge research coming out of UCT, subscribe to our research newsletter Fast-tracking professors is key to transformation 19 April 2016 In 1986, halfway through his medical degree at the University of Natal, Bongani Mayosi took a year off to do pure research (BMedSci), returning later to finish his MBChB. It was one of the crucial factors that fast- tracked his journey to a full professorship only three years after getting his PhD at Oxford in 2003. All talent on deck: Prof Bongani Mayosi, dean designate of the Faculty of Health Sciences and one of UCT’s newest National Research Foundation A-rated researchers. Mayosi believes these factors can be replicated in the faculty to boost transformation. “We can create professors in five to 10 years after completion of professional training, but the conditions have to be right,” says the dean-designate who will lead the faculty from 1 September this year. The shortage of black, especially black women, professors has been a stubborn obstacle to transformation where the faculty’s current cohort is predominantly white, ageing and male. But growing a new and diverse cohort of professors takes careful planning and commitment, both in the faculty and the university, says Mayosi. “In academia, the path is well-trodden. There are formulae and the rules are clear. But we [the university] must provide the system.” His own journey began in a church mission hall in the Eastern Cape where volunteer parents taught him. He matriculated at 15 and followed his father into medicine. Fortunately, he fell in love with research early and by the time he’d graduated as a new doctor in 1989, he’d published two papers, the first in the South African Journal of Science. But even with “a bit of a head start”, Mayosi believes he took too long to become a professor. “It was long only by neglect. These things must be planned. If I’d struck gold early – if I’d found a good supervisor and a good topic that could have lead to good papers and outputs early – I could have got there faster.” Four success factors Early exposure to research is the first of four factors he believes are vital to grooming a new cohort of professors. “We have a responsibility to instill a love of knowledge and research early in our undergraduates, but we must also expose them to an early stint of full-time research at a reputable institution. If you want to produce a Nobel prize-winner, they must be exposed to research when they’re young.” The faculty already has in place an “interrupted” medical degree where medical students can take a one-year research degree at honours level before continuing their studies, as he did as an undergraduate. This programme has now been adopted and funded by the Medical Research Council as the National Medical Student Research Training Programme for South Africa. The second critical factor is time – high quality training in research is best done full-time. This will give candidates the opportunity to do their PhDs within three to four years. Support is vital at this stage. And the process is easier for those who commit to full-time research under the guidance of a good, committed supervisor, says Mayosi. He was fortunate to have Hugh Watkins as his supervisor at Oxford, “probably the most influential person in my early scientific career”. Third, choose a good research question; not something that’s been discovered. “A lot of research people do is wasteful because it seeks to discover what is already known. Does smoking cause lung cancer in the Venda? Of course it does. It doesn’t matter that a study has never been done in Thohoyandou. Identify problems that need a solution.” This is not hard to do in Africa, says Mayosi. He chose poverty-related heart diseases, such as rheumatic heart disease – a neglected disease in Africa and other poor regions that is easily prevented with penicillin. Untreated, it can cause heart valve damage and heart rhythm problems. He now leads the Global Rheumatic Heart Disease Registry (the REMEDY study). The fourth factor to forming a new cohort of professors is good funding. Scholarships are crucial since they allow candidates to put their heads down and not worry about “feeding the wife, two children and the dog”, as in Mayosi’s case. And the system should work for women, particularly in their child-rearing years. With his wife, Nonhlanhla Khumalo, a full-time researcher and full professor at UCT, Mayosi knows this well. Trailblazing new paths Nurturing a new cohort of professors is a national imperative. The ambitious National Health Scholars Programme hopes to produce 1 000 medical doctors by 2022. The minister of health, Dr Aaron Motsoaledi, kicked off their programme in 2013. “I don’t know if we’ll get there, but we’re pushing hard,” notes Mayosi. “The way we’re going to do it is by getting funding, ensuring people are trained by the best mentors in the world, working on the right topics and starting early.” Conferring: Prof Bongani Mayosi with registrars and medical students on a ward round. When he took over as head of the Department of Medicine at UCT and Groote Schuur Hospital in 2006, he was a trailblazer – the first black person to head the department. The department was also misaligned – it was geared to treat the diseases of some five million South Africans, not all 55 million. “We had divisions for every part of the body: nephrology, cardiology, neurology … everything except infection. We needed a division for infectious diseases such as TB and malaria and HIV/AIDS – a flagship division for flagship problems [which was established as the Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine]. As a department we had to become relevant to 55 million South Africans.” Given South Africa’s health challenges, especially in rural areas, transformation requires “all talent on deck”, says Mayosi. Besides changing the demographics and size of the professoriate, it’s important that the faculty reorient the content of its work and the curriculum to address local need. Transformation is also a requisite for the faculty to remain a world leader. In this context, world class no longer makes sense, Mayosi says. “World leader” is the new dean’s first choice for a slogan that will guide the faculty in the future. A call to step up Taking on the deanship was never part of Mayosi’s plan, but with the Rhodes Must Fall- and Fees Must Fall-driven events of 2015 and 2016, it was a “critical moment” in the country’s history. With “a little leaning at the right time”, he agreed to rejoin the struggle for a better South Africa. “For me it was a call to serve. But we’ve got to be constitutional about it and set up processes that will really achieve social justice. All of us must come forward to make a contribution.” He has no illusions about the complexity of the task ahead. “I told them [the faculty] that they were taking a risk because I had no experience of being a dean – but that I’d do it with them.” The complexity extends to the faculty’s makeup: 2 000 staff and 4 000 students. The staff are employed by different entities: some by the province, others by the National Health Laboratory Service, while others are research-funded (this group of 600 is the largest) or funded by the university. “So we have many types of staff and we need to work hard to bring them all into the business of the faculty so that there’s no sense of alienation from the greater university project. We need to work as a team.” Mayosi calls it “saamtrek”.