<p>Name Chapter 10: Somatic and Special Senses Reading Guide and Review Questions</p><p>1. What is the function of sensory receptors?</p><p>2. List five groups of sensory receptors and name the kind of change to which each is sensitive.</p><p>3. Define sensation.</p><p>4. Explain projection of a sensation.</p><p>5. Define sensory adaptation and provide an example.</p><p>6. Fill in the table below.</p><p>Cutaneous Receptors Type of Receptor Structure/Location Sensation</p><p>Free nerve endings</p><p>Meissner’s corpuscles (mechanoreceptors)</p><p>Pacinian corpuscles</p><p>Temperature senses</p><p>Free nerve endings (pain receptors)</p><p>7. Define referred pain and provide and example</p><p>8. Explain why pain may be referred Name </p><p>9. List the special senses.</p><p>10. Describe the olfactory organs and their functions</p><p>11. Label the olfactory illustration below. List the function of EACH label.</p><p>12. Trace a nerve impulse from an olfactory receptor to the interpreting center of the cerebrum.</p><p>13. Explain how salivary glands aid in the function of taste receptors.</p><p>14. Label the taste bud picture below – listing all the functions of EACH label. Name 15. Name the four primary taste sensations</p><p>16. Draw a tongue and label the areas listed in #15.</p><p>17. Trace the pathway of a taste impulse from a taste receptor to the cerebral cortex.</p><p>18. Distinguish between the outer, middle and inner ear (in both function and structure)</p><p>19. Trace the pathway of a sound wave from the eardrum to the hearing receptors.</p><p>20. Describe the functions of the auditory ossicles and auditory tubes.</p><p>21. Distinguish between the osseous and membranous labyrinths.</p><p>22. Describe the cochlea and hearing receptors. What are their functions?</p><p>23. Why does it help to chew gum while descending in an airplane? Name </p><p>24. Distinguish between static and dynamic equilibrium.</p><p>25. Fill in the table below.</p><p>Equilibrium organ/structure Function/s</p><p>Utricle</p><p>Saccule</p><p>Macula</p><p>Semicircular canals</p><p>Crista ampullaris</p><p>Cerebellum</p><p>Eyes</p><p>26. List the visual accessory organs and describe the functions of each.</p><p>27. How does the lacrimal apparatus protect the eye?</p><p>28. What are the three layers of the eye wall?</p><p>29. Fill in the table below. Name Eye/Orbit muscles Function</p><p>Orbicularis oculi</p><p>Levator palpebrae superioris</p><p>Superior rectus</p><p>Inferior rectus</p><p>Medial rectus</p><p>Lateral rectus</p><p>Superior oblique</p><p>Inferior oblique</p><p>30. Label the eye structure below. List the functions for the following structures: retina, pupil, vitreous humor, sclera, optic nerve, cornea, lens, iris.</p><p>31. Explain how light waves are focused on the retina. Name </p><p>32. Distinguish between rods and cones.</p><p>33. Trace a nerve impulse from the retina to the visual cortex.</p><p>34. People who are deaf due to cochlear damage do not suffer from motion sickness. Why?</p><p>35. Why are astronauts unable to taste their food while eating in zero-gravity conditions?</p><p>36. Why are some injuries, like a bullet entering your abdomen, less painful (relatively painless, actually), but others, such as a burn, are considerably more painful?</p>