<p> SYNOPSIS OF DISSERTATION</p><p>“A STUDY OF PATTERN OF HOMICIDAL DEATHS – AUTOPSIED AT AL AMEEN & CIVIL HOSPITAL MORTURIES-ONE YEAR RETROSPECTIVE & TWO YEARS PROSPECTIVE STUDY”</p><p>SUBMITTED BY</p><p>Dr. SIVA KUMAR. V POST GRADUATE STUDENT DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE & TOXICOLOGY, AL-AMEEN MEDICAL COLLEGE, BIJAPUR – 586108 KARNATAKA.</p><p>RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, BANGALORE, KARNATAKA. ANNEXURE-II PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION</p><p>1. NAME OF THE CANDIDATE AND DR. SIVA KUMAR. V ADDRESS (IN BLOCK LETTERS) POST GRADUATE STUDENT DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE & TOXICOLOGY, AL-AMEEN MEDICAL COLLEGE, BIJAPUR – 586108, KARNATAKA.</p><p>2. NAME OF THE INSTITUTION AL-AMEEN MEDICAL COLLEGE, BIJAPUR– 586108. KARNATAKA.</p><p>3. COURSE OF STUDY AND SUBJECT M.D. (FORENSIC MEDICINE)</p><p>4. DATE OF ADMISSION TO COURSE 31ST AUGUST, 2013. 5. TITLE OF THE TOPIC: “A STUDY OF PATTERN OF HOMICIDAL DEATHS-AUTOPSIED AT AL AMEEN & CIVIL HOSPITAL MORTURIES-ONE YEAR RETROSPECTIVE & TWO YEARS PROSPECTIVE.” 6. BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK:</p><p>6.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY: </p><p>Homicide (homos: human being, caedere: to kill) literally means to kill a human being. Homicide is defined as killing of a human being by another human being. It is also defined legally as destruction of human life by the act, agencies, procurement or culpable omission of some other person or persons, is the most heinous crime. Every civilization has tried to define the crime and its punishment. In the Offences Against the Person Act (1861) murder is defined thus ‘Where a person of sound memory and discretion unlawfully killeth any reasonable creature in being and under the King’s peace with malice a forethought either or implied, the death following within a year.’ Lord Macauley later drafted this into The Indian Penal Code (1833) under Sections 299 and 300, to define culpable homicide and murder, with Sections 302 and 304 as the punishment </p><p>The increase in homicidal deaths is probably due to rapidly increasing population; urbanization; poverty; unemployment; frustration; illiteracy; prevalent economic, social and political environment; extramarital affairs; property disputes; insurgency; terrorism; drug addiction; easy availability of weapon; and the widening gap between the rich and the poor. Young offenders are becoming increasingly violent. The assailant may be an innocent or a professional with involvement of one man in a killing or many assailants along with multiple precipitating factors. Sometimes a different person may be killed than actual man on whom it was planned. The victims are not only children, old people, females or incapacitated persons but also healthy and hale person may be killed and the circumstances differ in each of these deaths.</p><p>In the present day world violence is clearly recognized as a global public health problem. Violence and injuries account for 9% of global mortality and 12% of all disability adjusted life years (DALY). As per Global Burden of Armed Violence Report, 2011, the average annual global violent death rate between 2004 and 2009 was 79 per million. Globally around 520,000 people die each year as a result of interpersonal violence which equates to 1400 deaths every single day. As per National Crime Record Bureau, violent crimes reported in India were 10.9% of the total Indian Penal Code crimes. The total number of murders recorded all over India in 2010 is 33,335 and in 2011 is 34,305.</p><p>In this era of rising trends of organised crimes being executed in a professional manner, we may expect the occurrence of such criminal activities to follow a peculiar pattern in relation to victims, accused, purpose and execution of the crime. The use of sharp force to kill the individual is known to the mankind since ancient times. Great battles were fought by using sharp cutting weapons which is seen in Indian epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata. In the modern world, sharp cutting weapons are used in a number of cases especially in rural India as it is easily accessible to everyone. As technology is improving the pattern of homicidal deaths are also changing, in modern era using guns, explosives and killing an individual with vehicles are also</p><p>8. LIST OF REFERENCES: </p><p>1. Parikh C.K, 1990. “Parikh‘s Text Book of Medical jurisprudence, Forensic Medicine and</p><p>Toxicology for Classrooms and Courtrooms.” 6th Edition. CBC Publishers and Distributors;</p><p>New Delhi. </p><p>2. Knight Bernard, Saukko Pekka. “Knight’s Forensic pathology.” 3rd Edition. Arnold</p><p> publishers; London.</p><p>3. Narayana reddy K.S. “The essentials of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology.” 32ndEdition.</p><p>Hyderabad, India. Medical book company, Published by K.Suguna Devi; 2013. </p><p>4. Hugar.B.S, YP Girish Chandra, Harish.S. “Pattern of Homicidal Deaths.” Journal of Indian</p><p>Academy Forensic Medicine.” 2007; 32(3): 194-198.</p><p>5. Shivakumar.B.C, Vishwanath D, Srivastava Prem Chandra. “Trends of Homicidal Deaths at</p><p> a Tertiary Care Centre Bengaluru.” Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine.”</p><p>2011; 33(2): 120-124.</p><p>6. Dhaval J Patel. “Analysis of Homicidal Deaths in and Around Bastar Region of</p><p>Chhattisgarh.” India. Journal of Indian Academy of Forensic Medicine. 2012; 34(2): 139-</p><p>142. </p><p>7. Avneesh Gupta, Mukta Rani, Anil K Mittal and P C Dikshit. “A study of homicidal deaths</p><p> in delhi.” Medical science and the law. 2004; 44(2): 127-132. </p><p>8. Karan A, Jha S, Yadev BN, Thakur D. “Medico legal Study of Suspected Homicide Cases in</p><p> a Teaching Hospital in Eastern Nepal.” Health Renaissance. 2011; 9(1): 15-19.</p><p>9. Gibbous Jonathan,Me Angela, Bisogno Enrico, Malby Steven, Sandeep Chawla. United</p><p>Nations Office On Drugs And Crime Vienna (UNODC). “Global Study On Homicide</p><p>Trends.” 2011; 1:9,19.Cited From Http://Www.Unodc.Org/Documents/Data-And</p><p>Analysis/Statistics/Homicide/Globa_Study_On_Homicide_2011_Web.Pdf</p><p>2012;Oct16;Tuesday. 10. Sachidananda Mohanty, Sujan Kumar Mohanty, Kiran Kumar Patnaik. “Homicide in</p><p> southern India—A five-year retrospective study.” Forensic Medicine and Anatomy</p><p>Research. 2013 ; 1(2) : Article ID:29906, 7 pages DOI:10.4236/fmar.2013.12004</p><p>11. Bhupinder S, Kumara TK , and Syed AM. “Pattern of homicidal deaths autopsied at Penang</p><p>Hospital, Malaysia, 2007-2009: a preliminary study.” Malaysian Journal of Pathology. 2010;</p><p>32(2): 81-86</p><p>12. Murad Zafar Marri, M. Zahid Bashir, Anjum Zia Munawar, Zahid Hussain Khalil, Inayat</p><p> urRehman Khalil. “Analysis of homicidal deaths in Peshawar, Pakistan.” Jounal of Ayub</p><p>Medical College, Abbottabad. 2006; 18(4): 30-33.</p><p>13. Jeannie Cocks and Gert Saayman. “The incidence, pathology of trauma and victim profiles</p><p> of homicidal deaths in Pretoria.” South Africa (2007 -2008) Medical Science and the Law.</p><p>2013;53: 61-66. originally published online 14 March 2013. DOI: 10.1258/msl.2012.012027 9. Signature of the candidate</p><p>10. Remarks of the guide</p><p>11. Name and Designation of DR. S. B. PATIL (in BLOCK letters) PROFESSOR, 11.1 Guide DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE & TOXICOLOGY, AL-AMEEN MEDICAL COLLEGE, BIJAPUR- 586108.</p><p>11.2 Signature</p><p>NONE 11.3 Co-guide (if any)</p><p>11.4 Signature</p><p>DR. E. S. GOUDAR, 11.5 Head of the Department. PROFFESOR & H.O.D,</p><p>DEPARTMENT OF FORENSIC MEDICINE & TOXICOLOGY, AL-AMEEN MEDICAL COLLEGE, BIJAPUR- 586108.</p><p>11.6 Signature</p><p>12. 12.1Remarks of the Chairman and the Principal. </p><p>12.2 Signature</p><p>AL -AMEEN MEDICAL COLLEGE BIJAPUR</p><p>ETHICAL COMMITTEE</p><p>The following study entitled as “A STUDY OF PATTERN OF HOMICIDAL</p><p>DEATHS- AUTOPSIED AT AL-AMEEN & CIVIL HOSPITAL MORTURIES-ONE</p><p>YEAR RETROSPECTIVE & TWO YEARS PROSPECTIVE STUDY.” by Dr. SIVA</p><p>KUMAR. V, P.G student in the Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology belonging to 2013 batch has been cleared from Ethical committee of this institution for the purpose of dissertation work.</p><p>ETHICAL COMMITTEE, AL –AMEEN MEDICAL COLLEGE, BIJAPUR.</p>