<p> <a href="/tags/Heat_illness/" rel="tag">Heat Illness</a> Chart </p><p>Heat illnesses and their symptoms1,2,3 </p><p>Medical Symptom(s) Causes Safety Tips Condition Heat rash  Red cluster of pimples • Blockage of sweat • Remove the affected person ducts from heat. Minimize  Blisters exposure of skin to sun. Keep  Itching the affected area dry. Seek  Red rash on the skin that medical attention if rash does usually occur on the neck, not improve. chest, breast and/or groin Heat edema • Swelling in the ankles, feet • Occurs in persons • Elevate and apply and hands who are not compressive stockings to • Body temperature normal acclimatized to heat the affected limbs. or elevated core temperature • Increased blood up to 104° F flow to the skin in limbs </p><p>Heat <a href="/tags/Tetany/" rel="tag">tetany</a> • Respiratory problems, such • Hyperventilation • Remove the affected person as breathing difficulty from the heat and advise the • Respiratory person to breathe slowly. • Muscular problems, including alkalosis spasms or numbness or tingling of muscles • Body temperature normal or elevated core temperature up to 104° F Heat cramps • Muscle spasms • Drinking liquid • Stop all activities, without electrolytes relocate to a cool • Muscles usually affected location, rest and drink include the abdomen, calf, • <a href="/tags/Dehydration/" rel="tag">Dehydration</a> electrolyte containing fluids. thighs and shoulder muscles • Electrolyte Seek medical attention if • Body temperature normal deficiency symptoms persist. or elevated core temperature up to 104° F Heat <a href="/tags/Syncope_(medicine)/" rel="tag">syncope</a> • Dizziness • Increased blood • Lay the affected person flow to the skin gently on the floor and • Fainting resulting in provide lots of fluid. Seek • Body temperature normal decreased blood medical attention. or elevated core temperature flow to the central up to 104° F nervous system Heat • Profuse sweating • Drinking liquid • Stop all activities, exhaustion • Weakness without electrolytes relocate to a cool location, rest and drink • Rapid breathing • Dehydration electrolyte containing • Dizziness • Electrolyte fluids. • Nausea/vomiting deficiency • It can be difficult to • Muscle cramps determine if someone has • Normal mentation <a href="/tags/Heat_stroke/" rel="tag">heat stroke</a> and not • Body temperature normal exhaustion. or elevated core temperature • If symptoms do not quickly up to 104° F improve, or unable to oral rehydrate, seek medical attention. </p><p>Heat stroke  Oral body temperature of 104˚F • Profound • Call 911 immediately if you and above dehydration see anyone with these This is a life symptoms and has a body  Often sudden onset of symptoms • Profound threatening, temperature of 104˚F and electrolyte deficiency <a href="/tags/Adverse_effect/" rel="tag">adverse effect</a> of  <a href="/tags/Confusion/" rel="tag">Confusion</a> or loss of above. exposure to consciousness • Body is unable • While waiting for first extreme heat, to maintain heat  Rapid and strong pulse responders, the affected usually occurring diffusion through the person should be taken to a when the body  Hot, red and dry skin skin cool shady area. temperature  Headache • Normal regulation of • Cool the person with is greater than 104˚F. immersion in cool water,  Dizziness body temperature is no longer intact spraying the person with cool  Nausea/vomiting water while fanning the • Mortality can be as person vigorously, or placing high as 50% ice packs on neck, axilla, and groin. • The person is unlikely to be able tolerate oral fluids. </p><p>1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2006). Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) About Extreme Heat. Retreived April 17, 2012, from http://www.bt.cdc.gov/disasters/extremeheat/faq.asp. 2. Platt, M. and Vicario, S. (2010). Heat Illness. In Rosen’s Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice, 7th Ed. p1882-3. 3. Zimmerman JL, Hanania NA. (2005). Chapter 111. <a href="/tags/Hyperthermia/" rel="tag">Hyperthermia</a>. In: Hall JB, Schmidt GA, Wood LD, eds. Principles of Critical Care. 3rd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill. </p><p>Chart courtesy of Minnesota Department of Health: http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/climatechange/docs/toolkit_chapter2.pdf </p>