<p>Name ______Date______Period______Cell Growth & Reproduction: MITOSIS</p><p> Why are cells so small? 1. ______ If the cell were to get bigger and bigger there would not be enough “______” to run the whole cell 2. ______ Through that membrane the cell must transport everything they need (aka ______).  If there isn’t enough membrane space, cells can’t get or get rid of what they need.  So there must be a balance between surface area (______) and volume (______)  Why must cells divide?  ALL CELLS COME FROM ______!  Can’t get anything new without working with what you already have!  3 Major Reasons Cells Divide: 1. ______– you start as one cell 2. ______– you get bigger, learn & change 3. ______– your cells get worn out  What does a cell need to survive?  A full set of ______(DNA or RNA)  Biggest hurdle to cell division is making sure each cell transfers ______when it makes new cells  To Prevent Mistakes: ______!  Putting all the DNA into neat packages (called ______) helps jump this hurdle Un-replicated: Replicated:  A Cell’s Life  A cell’s life can be divided into 2 stages: 1. ______(3 Parts) – Non-dividing stages I. Gap 1 (______)  Growth phase #1 – ______ Most cells are found in this phase – “Normal Cells” II. Synthesis (______)  New ______is made III. Gap 2 (______)  Growth phase #2  Preparations for ______are made 2. Mitosis (______) – Dividing stages 1. ______2. ______3. ______4. ______ So… What is Mitosis? (My-toe-sis)  It is the division of ______cells  Somatic = ______, any cell that’s not a sperm cell or an egg cell  A single cell divides into ______cells  These two cells are identical; they have the ______ Basically, like a cell ______ Cell Cycle: Interphase  Interesting things happen  Cells preparing to ______ Genetic material ______ The cell is doing what it ______does  Now on to division… MITOSIS  Prophase  Chromosomes ______up. o Chromosomes: thicken & become ______o Chromatids are joined by ______o ______move to opposite ends of cell o ______disappears o Nuclear membrane ______ Metaphase  Chromosomes ______o Chromosomes line up at equator aka the ______o Chromosomes attached to spindle fibers (from ______) at centromeres  Anaphase . Chromosomes get pulled ______. Spindle fibers ______and pull sister chromatids to the ______ends of the cell  Telophase . Now there are ______! o Chromosomes ______o Spindle fibers ______o Nuclear membrane forms o And the cell (finally) divides aka ______ Cytokinesis . Cutting of ______. Different in plants and animals o Animals: . Cell membrane simply ______(on ______) until it splits cell o Plants: . Because of ______, can’t pinch. . Instead, cell grows a ______in middle of cell until it connects to sides of wall  This is a complicated process… what happens when things go wrong? o There are several factors that try to control the cell cycle: 1. Before a cell divides the DNA is ______to make sure it was replicated correctly 2. ______tell a cell when to start and stop dividing 3. Cells also communicate to ______cells to tell them to stop growing o CANCER . Cancer is a disease of the cell cycle. . Some of the body’s cells divide ______and tumors form. </p>