<p> Appendix 1 Search strategies for electronic databases</p><p>Database: Ovid MEDLINE <1966 to September 5th 2006>Search Strategy: ------</p><p>Terms followed by a ‘/’ are MeSH headings. Terms preceded by exp indicate the MeSH term was exploded. Terms followed by .tw indicate the term was searched as a text word. </p><p>1 exp CANNABIS/ 2 cannabis.tw. 3 marihuana.tw. 4 marijuana.tw. 5 Marijuana Smoking/ 6 hashish.tw. 7 Marijuana Abuse/ 8 ganja.tw. 9 bhang.tw. 10 hemp.tw. 11 exp Cannabinoids/ 12 cannabinoid$.tw. 13 or/1-12 14 exp "schizophrenia and disorders with psychotic features"/ 15 schizo$.tw. 16 psychosis.tw. 17 psychotic$.tw. 18 exp mood disorders/ 19 Neurotic Disorders/ 20 mental disorders/ 21 psychoses.tw. 22 bipolar.tw. 23 Depression/ 24 manic.tw. 25 mania.tw. 26 Anxiety/ 27 anxiety.tw. 28 depression.tw. 29 exp Anxiety Disorders/ 30 hypomani$.tw. 31 hallucinations/ 32 hallucinat$.tw. 33 delusions/ 34 delusion$.tw. 35 thought disorder$.tw. 36 affective disorder$.tw. 37 Schizotypal Personality Disorder/ 38 or/14 -37 39 13 and 38 40 exp animals/ not human/ 41 39 not 40 Database: EMBASE <1980 to September 5th 2006> Search Strategy: ------1 Cannabis/ 2 Cannabis Addiction/ 3 cannabinoid/ 4 cannabis.tw. 5 marihuana.tw. 6 marijuana.tw. 7 hashish.tw. 8 ganja.tw. 9 bhang.tw. 10 hemp.tw. 11 cannabinoid$.tw. 12 or/1-11 13 exp psychosis/ 14 schizo$.tw. 15 psychosis.tw. 16 psychotic$.tw. 17 exp mood disorder/ 18 exp Neurosis/ 19 mental disease/ 20 psychoses.tw. 21 bipolar.tw. 22 Depression/ 23 manic.tw. 24 mania.tw. 25 Anxiety/ 26 anxiety.tw. 27 depression.tw. 28 exp Anxiety Disorder/ 29 hypomani$.tw. 30 hallucinations/ 31 hallucinat$.tw. 32 delusions/ 33 delusion$.tw. 34 thought disorder$.tw. 35 affective disorder$.tw. 36 Schizotypal Personality Disorder/ 37 or/13-36 38 12 and 37 39 (exp animals/ or exp nonhuman/) not exp human/ 40 38 not 39 Database: CINAHL - Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature <1982 to September 2006> Search Strategy: ------1 exp CANNABIS/ 2 cannabis.tw. 3 marihuana.tw. 4 marijuana.tw. 5 hashish.tw. 6 ganja.tw. 7 bhang.tw. 8 hemp.tw. 9 cannabinoid$.tw. 10 schizophren$.tw. 11 psychosis.tw. 12 psychotic$.tw. 13 mental disorders/ 14 psychoses.tw. 15 bipolar.tw. 16 manic.tw. 17 mania.tw. 18 anxiety.tw. 19 depression.tw. 20 hypomani$.tw. 21 exp Psychotic Disorders/ 22 exp Neurotic Disorders/ 23 anxiety/ 24 hallucinations/ 25 hallucinat$.tw. 26 delusions/ 27 delusion$.tw. 28 thought disorder$.tw. 29 affective disorder$.tw. 30 or/1-9 31 or/10-29 32 30 and 31</p><p>PsycINFO on WebSPIRS (1872 to September 2006) Search History #45 #41 not #44 #44 #42 not #43 #43 HUMAN in PO #42 ANIMAL in PO #41 ((marijuana) or (marihuana) or (explode "Cannabinoids-" in MJ,MN) or (cannabic) or ("Marijuana-Usage" in MJ,MN) or (cannabis*) or (explode "Cannabis-" in MJ,MN) or (cannabinoid*) or (hemp) or (bhang) or (ganja) or (hashish)) and (((hypomania) or (depression) or (anxiety) or (mania) or (manic) or (psychotic*) or (bipolar) or (psychosis) or (psychoses) or (schizophren*)) or ((explode "Psychosis-" in MJ,MN) or ("Mental-Disorders" in MJ,MN) or ("Anxiety-" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Neurosis-" in MJ,MN) or ("Anxiety-Disorders" in MJ,MN) or ("Schizoaffective- Disorder" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Major-Depression" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Affective-Psychosis" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Bipolar-Disorder" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Mania-" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Affective-Disorders" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Acute-Psychosis" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Affective-Disorders" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Schizophrenia-" in MJ,MN))) #40 ((hypomania) or (depression) or (anxiety) or (mania) or (manic) or (psychotic*) or (bipolar) or (psychosis) or (psychoses) or (schizophren*)) or ((explode "Psychosis-" in MJ,MN) or ("Mental-Disorders" in MJ,MN) or ("Anxiety-" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Neurosis-" in MJ,MN) or ("Anxiety-Disorders" in MJ,MN) or ("Schizoaffective-Disorder" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Major-Depression" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Affective-Psychosis" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Bipolar-Disorder" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Mania-" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Affective-Disorders" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Acute-Psychosis" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Affective- Disorders" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Schizophrenia-" in MJ,MN)) #39 (hypomania) or (depression) or (anxiety) or (mania) or (manic) or (psychotic*) or (bipolar) or (psychosis) or (psychoses) or (schizophren*) #38 (explode "Psychosis-" in MJ,MN) or ("Mental-Disorders" in MJ,MN) or ("Anxiety-" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Neurosis-" in MJ,MN) or ("Anxiety-Disorders" in MJ,MN) or ("Schizoaffective-Disorder" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Major- Depression" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Affective-Psychosis" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Bipolar-Disorder" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Mania-" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Affective-Disorders" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Acute-Psychosis" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Affective-Disorders" in MJ,MN) or (explode "Schizophrenia-" in MJ,MN) #37 hypomania #36 depression #35 anxiety #34 mania #33 manic #32 bipolar #31 psychoses #30 psychotic* #29 psychosis #28 schizophren* #27 "Mental-Disorders" in MJ,MN #26 "Anxiety-" in MJ,MN #25 explode "Neurosis-" in MJ,MN #24 "Anxiety-Disorders" in MJ,MN #23 "Schizoaffective-Disorder" in MJ,MN #22 explode "Affective-Psychosis" in MJ,MN #21 explode "Mania-" in MJ,MN #20 explode "Major-Depression" in MJ,MN #19 explode "Bipolar-Disorder" in MJ,MN #18 explode "Affective-Disorders" in MJ,MN #17 explode "Acute-Psychosis" in MJ,MN #16 explode "Affective-Disorders" in MJ,MN #15 explode "Schizophrenia-" in MJ,MN #14 explode "Psychosis-" in MJ,MN #13 (marijuana) or (marihuana) or (explode "Cannabinoids-" in MJ,MN) or (cannabic) or ("Marijuana-Usage" in MJ,MN) or (cannabis*) or (explode "Cannabis-" in MJ,MN) or (cannabinoid*) or (hemp) or (bhang) or (ganja) or (hashish) #12 cannabic #11 cannabis* #10 cannabinoid* #9 hemp #8 bhang #7 ganja #6 hashish #5 marijuana #4 marihuana #3 explode "Cannabinoids-" in MJ,MN #2 "Marijuana-Usage" in MJ,MN #1 explode "Cannabis-" in MJ,MN</p><p>ISI Web of Knowledge (1945 to July 2006) and ISI Proceedings (1990 to September 2006)</p><p>#11 #6 or #7 or #8 or #9 or #10 #10 #1 and (#4 or #5) #9 #1 and #3 #8 #1 and #2 #7 TS=(depression and (cannabis* or marihuana or marijuana hashish or bhang or ganja or hemp or cannabinoid*)) #6 TS=(anxiety and (cannabis* or marihuana or marijuana hashish or bhang or ganja or hemp or cannabinoid*)) #5 TS=(Affective disorder*) #4 TS=(Mood disorder*) #3 TS=schizo* #2 TS=(psychosis or psychoses or psychotic or mania or hypomania or manic or bipolar) #1 TS=(cannabis* or marihuana or marijuana or hashish or bhang or ganja or hemp or cannabinoid*) DocType=All document types; Language=All languages; Database(s)=SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI, A&HCI; Timespan=1945-2005</p><p>ZETOC (British library database of journal and conference contents) (1993 to September 2006). Strategy “Cannabis and psycho*”</p><p>BIOSIS (1985 to September 2006) Search terms: (al: (depression or anxiety or schizo* or bipolar or mania or manic or hypomani* or psychosis or psychoses or psychotic* or affective disorder*) and (cannabis* or marijuana* or marihuana* or ganja or hemp or bhang) and (human*))</p><p>LILACS - Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (1982 to September 2006) Search strategy: cannabis$ or marihuana$ or marijuana$ [Words] and psychosis or psychoses or psychotic$ or bipolar or manic or mania or depression or anxiety or hypomani$ or schizo$ [Words] MEDCARIB - Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (dating from the 18th Century to September 2006) Search strategy: cannabis$ or marihuana$ or marijuana$ [Words] and psychosis or psychoses or psychotic$ or bipolar or manic or mania or depression or anxiety or hypomani$ or schizo$ [Words]</p>