City and County of Denver Street Lighting Design Guidelines & Details Department of Public Works Engineering Division September 2019 City and County of Denver Street Lighting Design Guidelines Developed by: The City and County of Denver Public Works Department Clanton & Associates, Inc. Jacobs Engineering Group Copyright © 2019 City and County of Denver. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction of this document, in any form, without prior written permission from the City and County of Denver is strictly prohibited. Distribution of this document is strictly for use by and for business within the City and County of Denver, CO. 2 | Page City and County of Denver Street Lighting Design Guidelines Table of Content Background and Purpose .................................................................................................................................. 7 1.1 Typical Street Light Installations............................................................................................................. 7 Streetlight General Guidance ........................................................................................................................... 9 Fundamentals of Lighting Design ................................................................................................................. 11 3.1 Factors in Lighting Design ..................................................................................................................... 11 3.2 Non-Visual Effects of Light .................................................................................................................... 13 3.3 Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) .................................................................................................. 14 3.4 BUG Ratings ............................................................................................................................................. 15 3.5 Lighting Layouts ..................................................................................................................................... 16 3.6 Lighting Calculations .............................................................................................................................. 17 Luminaire Specification .................................................................................................................................. 21 4.1 Finishes ..................................................................................................................................................... 21 4.2 Key Equipment Characteristics ............................................................................................................. 22 Lighting Applications ..................................................................................................................................... 23 5.1 Lighting Design Process ......................................................................................................................... 23 5.2 Basis of Design ......................................................................................................................................... 23 5.3 Typical Lighting Applications ............................................................................................................... 24 Adaptive Street Lighting ................................................................................................................................. 43 6.1 Application of Adaptive Lighting ......................................................................................................... 44 6.2 Streetlight Control System Selection .................................................................................................... 44 6.3 Streetlight Control System Installation ................................................................................................ 45 Appendix A: Glossary ........................................................................................................................................... A-1 Appendix B: Ownership Construction Path and Technical Plan Review Criteria ....................................... B-1 Appendix C: Details ............................................................................................................................................... C-1 Appendix D: Specifications .................................................................................................................................. D-1 3 | Page City and County of Denver Street Lighting Design Guidelines List of Figures Figure 3-1: City of Denver light pollution from Mt. Evans Observatory .......................................................... 13 Figure 3-2: Correlated Color Temperature Diagram ........................................................................................... 14 Figure 3-3: BUG Rating Diagram ............................................................................................................................ 15 Figure 3-4: BUG Ratings Applied to a Streetscape ............................................................................................... 15 Figure 3-5: Opposite Pole Arrangement ................................................................................................................ 16 Figure 3-6: Staggered Pole Arrangement .............................................................................................................. 16 Figure 3-7: High Pedestrian Activity Classification ............................................................................................. 18 Figure 3-8: Pedestrians in Downtown Denver ...................................................................................................... 18 Figure 5-1: Signalized, Large Intersection ............................................................................................................. 25 Figure 5-2: Non-Signalized, Large Intersection .................................................................................................... 26 Figure 5-3: Signalized, Small Intersection ............................................................................................................. 26 Figure 5-4: Non-Signalized, Small Intersection .................................................................................................... 26 Figure 5-5: Well Lighted Crosswalk ....................................................................................................................... 27 Figure 5-6: Poorly Lighted Crosswalk ................................................................................................................... 27 Figure 5-7: Streetlight Placement with Respect to Crosswalk ............................................................................ 28 Figure 5-8: Streetlight Located Before Crosswalk ................................................................................................ 28 Figure 5-9: Typical Six-Lane Arterial Median Mounted Lighting Layout ........................................................ 29 Figure 5-10: Typical Four-Lane Arterial Opposite Lighting Layout .................................................................. 29 Figure 5-11: Typical Six-Lane Arterial Median Mounted Street Cross Section ................................................ 30 Figure 5-12: Typical Four-Lane Arterial Opposite Street Cross Section ............................................................ 30 Figure 5-13: Typical Collector Lighting Layout with Smaller Cross Section (Single Sided) .......................... 31 Figure 5-14: Typical Collector Lighting Layout with Wider Cross Section ...................................................... 31 Figure 5-15: Typical Single Sided Collector Street Cross Section ....................................................................... 32 Figure 5-16: Typical Local Lighting Layout (> 30 mph) ...................................................................................... 33 Figure 5-17: Typical Local Lighting Layout (≤ 30 mph) ...................................................................................... 33 Figure 5-18: Typical Local Street Cross Section .................................................................................................... 34 Figure 5-19: Typical Abutting Wildlife Refuge Lighting Layout ....................................................................... 38 Figure 5-20: Example of Roadway Abutting Other Municipalities ................................................................... 41 Figure 6-1: 7-pin Photocell Receptacle ................................................................................................................... 44 Figure 6-2: Luminaire Asset Management Control System ................................................................................ 45 List of Tables Table 3-1: Typical Light Loss Factors ..................................................................................................................... 19 Table 5-1: Intersection Target Lighting Levels ...................................................................................................... 25 Table 5-2: Crosswalk Target Lighting Levels ........................................................................................................ 27 Table 5-3: Arterial Target Lighting Levels ............................................................................................................. 29 Table 5-4: Arterial