IJMTES | International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Science ISSN: 2348-3121 ABATMENT OF TRAFFIC IN RAILWAY CROSSING AREA BY ROAD UNDER BRIDGE S.Premalatha1, BA.Rathina Lakshmi2, D.Thokai Kasthuri2, M.Vijaya Rani2, S.Vinothini2 1(Asst professor, Dept of Civil Engg, Avinashilingam Institute for women, Coimbatore-641108, [email protected]) 2(B.E Student, Dept of Civil Engg, Avinashilingam Institute for women, Coimbatore-641108, [email protected]) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract— Transportation is necessary in economic, social, political and cultural manner. The number of vehicles in India has been rapidly enlarging where Coimbatore ranks next to Chennai as a developing city of Tamil Nadu. Coimbatore is a well-developed city with heavy traffic, but its road infrastructure are poorly maintained making traffic congestion a major problems in city. The problem is identified in the Villakenaru pirivu in the place of THUDIYALUR-SARAVANAMPATTI road in COIMBATORE, TAMIL NADU. In order to reduce road block, the maximum solution is increasing its infrastructure. This location consists more of educational and commercial buildings with heavy traffic flow. The circumstance of flyover needs more space, we have proposed a Road under Bridge (RUB), to reduce the traffic congestion in that place. RUB is designed as Reinforced Cement Concrete BOX. The proposed structure is designed manually and analysed by using STAAD.PRO software. Keywords— Road Under Bridge; Precast RCC Box _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. INTRODUCTION traffic, parking and accidents. The main entrance is also by the public buses often passing from outside the city to Transportation plays a vital role in the trade between the another part, creates problems for the regular traffic people, which develops the civilization and also the moments. Because of these factors the railway crossings are communication status of the country. India has got the facing acute traffic problems like congestion and delay. second largest road network and it has 60% of all the goods Lack of planning in city roads, Low road space, Over in the country and 85% of India’s total passenger’s traffic. population of vehicle, Deficiency of law implementation, Over these years road transport has changed gradually Different speed vehicles, Insufficient road width, Traffic rule increased by connecting the cities, towns and villages in violation, Road infrastructure country. Traffic congestion is a major problem in the road transport system. Traffic congestion arises due to the volume B. Specifications of traffic and also the demand for the space greater than District – Coimbatore, Lane Number – 877, Location – existing road capacity. These are numerous conditions which Railway Crossing Area, Perimeter – 1.462 KM, Lane – 2 cause congestion and most important is the road blockage. Bad town planning resulting in limited substitute ways to and from highways to ease congestion in a city centre. In future Road Under Bridge (RUB) system operates underground, which means interact with normal road traffic. Road Under Bridge RUB) travel extremely green and not only it is more environmental friendly but it is also has the advantage. Over public transportation system, as Road Under Bridge (RUB) do not emit harmful exhaust fumes into air. 2. TRAFFIC CONGESTION IN RAILWAY CROSSING AREA A. Reason for congestion Level crossing can be dangerous where the sudden accidents take place. The main reason for the problem is passage of C. Traffic condition in selected area number of trains which results in closure of railway gate for Coimbatore city excels with Industrial development ,but longer period of time. People have to wait for several its road infrastructure are not well maintained and developed minutes to pass through this railway crossing. In this area, according to the growing needs of transport, making traffic the railway crossing is not having wide roadway so creating congestion a major problems in city. The main entry is also more congestion for schools and colleges at the time of by the public buses often passing from one part to another approaching the train. The cause for this traffic delay is over part, creates problems for the regular traffic moments. This filling at junction due to the increased density of traffic from selected area is facing high traffic due to its space congestion both direction of railway crossing. and the provision of railway gate on either side of that rural The internal road traffic due to pressure from daily road. These crises are mainly due to a limited transport commuters mostly students, business people, works and infrastructure, a rapid increase in motor vehicles ownership related persons increases the problems on the road such as Volume: 05 Issue: 06 2018 www.ijmtes.com 17 IJMTES | International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Science ISSN: 2348-3121 and poor public transport services. The road is skew at an passing a point at specific intervals (15 minutes, 30 minutes, angle 45 degree to the railway lines. In addition to this, the 45 minutes, 1 hour, etc.) is one method of traffic counting, location consists more of educational and commercial whereby the total vehicular traffic is required. If from the buildings with heavy traffic flow. The congestion is created past traffic counts it is required that a proportion of heavy due to the more usage of the vehicles. vehicles is to be determined as a percentage of the total traffic, then such a percentage is applied to the counted volume to get the effective traffic flow. On this basis, the method of traffic counting should be decided before hand and that traffic counting forms and training should be conducted. C. Graphical representation of traffic survey D. Construction of rcc box Define To construct RUB’s with minimum disruption to train services and road traffic is a challenge to the Engineers. 3. ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RCC BOX Methods adopted for construction of these structures are, A. Field Data 1) Cut and cover method All the necessary data such as width of the road, 2) Box pushing method number of lanes and railway crossings are as follows 3) Restricted Height Girder method Box pushing technique is most widely used because of its numerous advantages over the other conventional method i.e. cut and cover method, box pushing technique is safer to construct in a busy junction of rail and road over conventional method. E. Box pushing method The precast box is cast in segments of convenient lengths. The box section is designed as per IRS codes of practice for 25 T loading 2008. First RCC box segment (leading segment) is cast over the well set and levelled thrust bed. The front face of the box was cast in sloped manner to B. Traffic survey match the shape of cutting edge and was integrated to the Traffic flow level influences the capability of concrete. The cutting edge was provided all around the box enumerators to carry out traffic counts manually on high as it acts as shield preventing falling of soil from top and volume roads. Where the enumerator is expected to count sides. A steel rear shield is also provided which houses and more than one traffic lane on a busy road, observational error guides the subsequent segments. is commonly encountered. On the other hand, whereas An urban road is a road located and/ traversing a developed efficiency and capability of traffic enumeration vary from or built-up environment. This type of road may serve as a enumerator to enumerator, for a traffic level of less than main arterial or transit route within the urban area, local 1000 vehicles per hour in one direction manual counting by connector, tertiary, access or even a local street. As a result, one enumerator can give satisfactory data within the traffic counting for these types of roads can be complex as permissible tolerances. For traffic level in excess of 1000 the function of the road and/or its level of service in the road vehicles per hour in one direction, additional enumerators are hierarchy as measured by the traffic flow level dictate it. required or automatic counters should be used. Here we have Further complexity could be presented by the proximity of described about the peak hours and normal hours of the the access intersections associated with the built selected area. environment. On this basis, both manual and automatic The method of traffic counting has a bearing on the counting systems are suitable for traffic data collection along quality of data obtained. Manual counting of vehicles these roads. Volume: 05 Issue: 06 2018 www.ijmtes.com 18 IJMTES | International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Science ISSN: 2348-3121 The Urban road that has to be removed from the congestion augmented by computer-generated perceptual information, is directed from West to East direction. This urban road is including visual, auditory, haptic and olfactory named as Thudiyalur to Saravanampatti road and is of two lanes. The road is 60’ wide which runs from west of Thudiyalur to east of Saravamanpatti. The road runs perpendicular to railway crossing which skew at 45 degree angle and its lane number is 877. 4. PROPOSED SOLUTION OF RUB A. Line plan 5. CONCLUSION 1) Thus the solution for our selected project is solved by RUB (Road Under Bridge). 2) The RUB is designed by RCC BOX. Our selected area is THUDIYALUR-SARAVANAMPATTI road in COIMBATORE, TAMIL NADU. 3) This structure consists of vehicular underpass which will adversely provide the comfortable way of traffic flow. 4) The STAAD.Pro analysis and design of the B. 3D view vehicular under pass provides the complete detail of the structure. 5) It is reasonably the fast way of transportation and is very important in fast city lines. 6) It reduces the carbon dioxide and noise pollution is reduced.