Adams SWBAT • Explain significance of the Alien and Sedition Acts • Explain significance of the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions Do Now “The Vietnam War was lost in America. Public opinion killed any prospect of victory.” • What is the meaning of this statement? • What is more important, liberty (ie. free speech) or order (ie. security)? John Adams President John Adams • John Adams (Federalist) becomes President in 1797 *Due to an awkward feature of the Constitution, Jefferson becomes VP John Adams • During his presidency Adams passed the Alien and Sedition Acts • How does the cartoonist portray Adam’s actions? Alien and Sedition Acts, 1798 • Required immigrants to live in the Naturalization Act U.S. for l4 years before becoming a citizen • Allowed President to expel foreigners from the U.S. if he Alien Act believes they are dangerous to the nation's peace & safety • Allowed President to imprison or Alien Enemies Act expel foreigners considered dangerous in time of war • Barred American citizens from saying, writing, or publishing any Sedition Act false, scandalous, or malicious statements about the U.S. Gov, Congress, or the President Alien and Sedition Acts • The 4 acts together became known as the Alien and Sedition Acts • Response to the Alien and Sedition Acts: - Kentucky & Virginia Resolutions - (written by T. Jefferson & J. Madison) declared the Acts unconstitutional Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions 1. Called for the states to declare the Alien and Sedition Act null & void (invalid) 2. Introduced concept of nullification (ignoring federal laws) believing the states have the final say Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions • How did Jefferson justify the resolutions? - Federal gov was created by an agreement of states, & the federal gov only had powers specifically delegated to it by the Constitution Wrap Up • How did the Alien and Sedition Acts establish a “stable” political system? Time to Campaign! Election of 1800 • Create a campaign flyer, on a piece of construction paper, using your notes, for either John Adams or Thomas Jefferson! • Must include AT LEAST the following in some form: name of candidate, year of election, political party of the candidate, issues the candidate stood for, color, slogan, & creativity! Jefferson SWBAT • Analyze Jefferson’s Foreign and Domestic Policy Do Now: After reading the excerpt, answer the 2 questions that follow. Election of 1800 • DR- Thomas Jefferson (ran with Aaron Burr) • Fed- John Adams • Jefferson & Burr tied in Electoral College b/c voters meant for Jefferson to be Pres, and for Burr to be VP • According to the Constitution, when no one wins a majority of the vote, who decides the winner? HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES! Election of 1800 • Thomas Jefferson wins the election • Serves 2 terms 1801-1809 • Aaron Burr becomes Vice President *Power CAN transfer smoothly from one political party to another! • Election of 1800 Thomas Jefferson Foreign Policy: Events- 1. France & Britain harassing American ships 2. British forced American sailors to serve in their navy (needed sailors so badly in the war against France) (ie. impressment) Thomas Jefferson Jefferson’s Response: • Embargo Act of 1807- outlawed almost all trade with foreign nations (Britain and France) Results of the Embargo: 1. Didn’t effect Britain and France much Thomas Jefferson 2. Angered New Englanders started to smuggle goods 3. Left Jefferson’s 2nd term with a “black mark” Thomas Jefferson Domestic Policy: 1. Reduce government debt (through cuts in federal government departments & employees) 2. Reduce size of military Thomas Jefferson 3. Continued the Bank of the United States 4. Repealed Alien and Sedition Acts 5. Land Act of 1800- to increase settlement in the West (Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio) people could purchase land with credit Louisiana Purchase • The Senate ratified the Louisiana Purchase! Thomas Jefferson 6. Louisiana Purchase- 1803 7. Lewis & Clark Expedition-1804 - sent to explore newly acquired territory The Louisiana Purchase • Complete the reading and discussion questions that follow Wrap Up • What role did Jefferson play in shaping the office of the Presidency? The Louisiana Purchase • Discussion Questions: 1.Where is this type of purchase justified in the Constitution? 2.What are benefits of ratifying the purchase? 3.Why would a Senate member have reservations about ratification? Thomas Jefferson • Thomas Jefferson Video Clip • Thought Questions: 1. In what ways did Jefferson stray from his strict constitutionalist values during his presidency? 2. How did he change the power of the presidency? Louisiana Territory Activity DO NOW • Which party favored a strict interpretation of the Constitution? • Who was the leader of this party in 1800? SWBAT • Examine multiple perspectives of those involved in the Louisiana Territory • Analyze a contradictory decision Jefferson had to make as a strict Constitutionalist Louisiana Territory Activity 1. Read the scenario your group has been given. 2. Discuss possible decisions, and explain what you would have done in the situation. 3. Make a final decision. 4. Summarize your decision on the blackboard. Louisiana Territory Activity • Reconvene as a class • You will now represent the US Senate. Decide whether or not to ratify Jefferson’s decision to purchase the land. VOTE! What do you think? • Directions- With a partner, answer the following question: • According to the awkward election turnout of 1796 and 1800, what changes would you propose to the Constitution? .