<p> American Literature: Unit 2 Benchmark TEST Review Sheet- Period 1</p><p>Number of Questions? 40 (38 are multiple choice/ 2 = true/false) Value: One point each (Reading Grade)</p><p>Section 1 – 15 questions on The Devil and Tom Walker(Look at Worksheet: know plot, terms, Old Scratch, Faust) Section 2 - 4 questions on poem Old Ironsides (Know plot, “harpies”, what was Old Ironsides?) Section 3 - 2 questions on poem Thanatopsis (What does it say? Understand title) Section 4 - 11 questions on The Minister’s Black Veil (Look at Worksheet: Know plot, Elizabeth, parable) Section 5 - 8 questions on general time period (answers are all on the Literary Period One Pager given out) (Look over the entire One Pager, not just the part copied below! Know: Poe, poetry terms from bottom of page, Bard of Democracy, characteristics of Writing Styles)</p><p>Nathaniel Hawthorne</p><p>This is PART of the One Page Review Sheet – Study the ENTIRE Page !!! MAJOR Literary Philosophies of the Time Period:</p><p>ROMANTICISM TRANSCENDENTALISM GOTHIC</p><p>1. Primary theme: quest of the individual 1. US intellectual movement founded by Ralph 1. Gothic literature elements found in poetry, to define self Waldo Emerson, existed 1830s & 1840s; drama, novels and short stories 2. Characteristics: most famous protégé was Henry David 2. began in England in the late 1700s *dominates Europe & American in 1800s Thoreau 3. “Gothic” comes from architecture – used to *value imagination over reason 2. Characteristics: describe castles and cathedrals that serve as *value intuition over fact * deeper truths can be grasped by intuition mysterious settings for early Gothic fiction *value individual over institution/society * observation of Nature shows us what to do 4. Characteristics: * “voice” is bold, personal, idiosyncratic * God, Nature, and humanity are united in a * story set in bleak or remote places *NOT necessarily writing about love shared universal soul called: Over-Soul * plot involves macabre or violent incidents *in prose and poetry *listen to your own heart; be an individual *Characters are in psychological and/or 3. Romanticism had 2 faces: *individual is center of universe; more power- physical torment a. Bright & Optimistic – saw humans as ful than any political or religious institution * supernatural or otherworldly elements is fundamentally good * fierce abolitionists often present b. Dark & Shadowed by evil – saw *look to the natural world as a mirror on * gloomy atmosphere humans as basically evil; believed human lives *explores individual experiences warped by that crime, cruelty, guilt, and self- *sought to reach the sublime, a feeling of obsession and grief destruction were the true earmarks of oneness with all that is beautiful and good *focus on dark side of human nature human nature *valued self-reliance; people to think for them- selves & not let others/institutions rule them There will be a cold reading section also.</p>