<p> Chapter 1: Thinking Critically Assignment #1 – Unit 1A Recognizing Fallacies Pages 14 - 18</p><p>Answer ALL of the questions below:</p><p>1. What is logic? Briefly explain how logic can be useful?</p><p>Logic is the study of the methods and principles of reasoning.</p><p>2. How do we define argument? What is the basic structure of an argument?</p><p>An argument uses a set of facts or assumptions, called premises, to support a conclusion.</p><p>3. What is a fallacy? Why is it important to be able to recognize fallacies?</p><p>A fallacy is a deceptive argument – an argument in which the conclusion is not well supported by the premises.</p><p>4. Choose three examples of fallacies from this unit and, in your own words, describe how the given argument is deceptive.</p><p>1. “Ford makes the best pickup trucks in the world. After all, more people drive Ford pickups than any other light truck.”- the reasoning is faulty because the fact that more people drive Ford pickups does not necessarily mean that they are the best trucks.</p><p>2. “I placed the quartz crystal on my forehead, and in five minutes my headache was gone. The crystal made my headache go away.” – This argument suffers from the fallacy of false cause – in which the fact that one event came before another is incorrectly taken as evidence that the first event caused the second event. 3. In a commercial for Michelin tired, a picture of a baby is shown with the words “because so much is riding on your tires.” – This argument makes no appeal to logic. The advertisers hope that the love you feel for a baby will make you want to buy their tires – Fallacy of appeal to emotion. Sometimes the appeal is to both positive and negative emotions.</p>