<p> SEMESTER- V</p><p>HAEMATOLOGY MODULE WEEK- 02</p><p>Personal Identity – I, Lecture by Dr.Sonomal Ratnani Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Department</p><p>AIM & OBJECTS:</p><p> Student should know methods of determination of Personal Identity.  Student should determine Race & Religions.  Student should determine Sex of the person & its medicolegal importance. </p><p>LECTURE OUTLINES:</p><p>Identity or Identification means establishment of individuality of person.</p><p>In medico legal cases identification is very important in living as well as in dead.</p><p>1. IN LIVING PERSONS. 2. IN DEAD PERSONS 3. COMPLETE IDENTIFICATION 4. PARTIAL IDENTIFICATION</p><p>The methods of determination of personal identity are:</p><p>• Third party method. • Subjective method. • Objective method</p><p>The points to be noted for identification:-</p><p>1. Race. 2. Sex. 3. Age. 4. Complexion and Features. 5. Hair.</p><p>6. a). Anthropometry or Bertillon’ system. (Bertillon age). b). Dactylography or Galton’s system of Finger Prints (Galton age). c). Lucards System or Poroscopy. d). Portrait Parley System. e). Lip prints. Foot Prints. 7. DEFORMITIES AND BIRTH MARKS.</p><p>8. Scars. 9. Tattoo marks. 10. Occupational marks. 11. Hand Writing. 12. Clothes, ornaments and articles in pocket. 13. Speech, Voice and language. 14. Gait. 15. Manners and Habits. 16. Mental power, memory and education. 17. Stature and weight. 18. Teeth, Dentures, filled cavities. 19. Genetics. 20. Miscellaneous data.</p><p>RACE & RELIGION</p><p>The race depends upon geographical location as well as climatic conditions. The various races are • Caucasian • Negroid • Mixed</p><p>Another classification of race is.</p><p> Caucasian  Black race  Red race  Yellow race (Ping pong race)</p><p>Race can be easily determined from:</p><p>1. Clothes. 2. Complexion. 3. Hair. 4. Eyes. 5. Bones especially skull.</p><p>CEPHALIC INDEX:</p><p>Maximum Breadth of Skull Measured Transversely X 100 Maximum Anterio Posterior Length. </p><p>Dolico – Cephalic or Long Headed: Mesaticephalic or Medium Long Headed Brachy Cephalic or Round Headed: Super Brachy Cephalic: SEX: </p><p>Sex has to be established positively in one direction or the other for following reasons. Evidence of Sex: this may ordinarily be divided in to three categories.  Presumptive evidence of Sex  Highly probable evidence.  Certain or Definite evidence.</p><p>Presumptive Evidence of Sex Highly Probable Evidence Definite or Certain Evidences</p><p>INTERSEX STATES</p><p>These states are now easily identified by Pathologists.</p><p>Method of Nuclear Sexing. In Living. In Dead and Putrefied Bodies.</p><p>There are two syndromes depending upon non – development of testes or ovaries</p><p>GONADAL AGENESIS GONADAL DYSGENESIS</p><p>Davidson has divided congenital intersex states in to four Groups</p><p>KLINEFELTER’S SYNDROME TURNER’S SYNDROME TRUE HERMA PHRODITISM PSEUDO HERMAPHRODITISM</p>