<p>SCB 204.1738, 1739 Robyn O’Kane, Ph.D. Quiz 1 FORM A Spring I 2008</p><p>Name______</p><p>1. Glutamate and aspartate A. act within the CNS B. are excitatory amino acids. C. stimulate the opening of calcium channels. D. All of the above are correct.</p><p>2. Opioid peptides A. transmit pain information from the PNS to the CNS. B. are also called biogenic amines. C. are analgesic (pain-relieving). D. are released at neuromuscular junctions.</p><p>3. Prozac is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor. What does this mean? A. Serotonin won’t be released into the synaptic cleft as quickly. B. Serotonin will remain in the synaptic cleft for a longer period of time. C. Serotonin will be taken up into the releasing neuron at a faster rate. D. Serotonin will be taken up into surrounding neuroglia cells at a faster rate.</p><p>4. An effector for the sympathetic nervous system could be A. glandular cells. B. the heart muscle cells. C. skeletal muscle fibers. D. All of the above are correct. E. A and B are correct only.</p><p>5. What part of the neuron is where information is typically received? A. Axon B. Dendrite C. Cell body D. Nissl body</p><p>6. Sensory information A. is integrated in a posterior root ganglion. B. travels through afferent nerves. C. is detected by an effector. D. directly triggers an action potential in a skeletal muscle fiber.</p><p>7. When a neuron is at rest, A. an action potential is occurring. B. voltage-gated Na+ channels are inactivated. C. voltage-gated K+ channels are open. D. there are more positive charges outside the cell than inside the cell.</p><p>1 8. Which cell type is electrically excitable? A. Schwann cell. B. Ependymal cell. C. Microglia cell. D. Sensory neuron.</p><p>9. Which of the following receives information from the peripheral nervous system? A. Effector B. Receptor C. Control center D. A and B are correct. E. A and C are correct.</p><p>10. Complex activities require one or more ______within the integrative center. A. afferent nerves B. sensory neurons C. interneurons D. effectors</p><p>11. An excitatory postsynaptic potential A. is the same thing as a hyperpolarization. B. causes a depolarization of the transmembrane potential. C. can be due to chloride channels opening. D. can be due to potassium channels opening.</p><p>12. Neuron A, Neuron B, and Neuron C all synapse on the same neuron (Neuron D). If Neuron A stimulates a 5 mV EPSP, Neuron B stimulates a 10 mV IPSP, and Neuron C stimulates a 15 mV EPSP, what is the overall change in transmembrane potential for Neuron D? A. + 30 mV B. + 5 mV C. + 10 mV D. – 10 mV</p><p>13. In the previous question, this is an example of A. absolute refractory period. B. spatial summation. C. temporal summation. D. depolarization during an action potential.</p><p>14. All of the following are correct about a neuron EXCEPT A. the synaptic terminals typically contain vesicles of a neurotransmitter. B. the cell body has a nucleus. C. the cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer. D. most neurons have multiple axons.</p><p>2 15. Which ion is directly responsible for triggering the exocytosis of neurotransmitter from the synaptic terminal? A. Sodium B. Potassium C. Calcium D. Chloride</p><p>16. Which type of circuit best demonstrates the concept of spatial summation? A. Converging B. Series C. Diverging</p><p>17. Most motor neurons are A. unipolar. B. interneurons. C. bipolar. D. multipolar.</p><p>18. Repolarization occurs A. when voltage-gated K+ channels are open. B. when voltage-gated Na+ channels are inactivated. C. when transmembrane potential becomes less positive (more negative). D. All of the above are correct. E. A and B are correct only.</p><p>19. Cerebrospinal fluid is produced when fluid from the bloodstream travels through ______into the brain. A. satellite cells B. astrocytes C. ependymal cells D. oligodendrocytes E. microglial cells</p><p>20. Which neurotransmitter is not stored in vesicles, but is instead formed on demand? A. Acetylcholine B. Dopamine C. Norepinephrine D. Nitric oxide</p><p>21. Sensory information traveling in the central nervous system would be in A. ascending tracts. B. ascending nerves. C. descending tracts. D descending nerves.</p><p>22. Which type(s) of neuroglial cell is required for an axon to exhibit saltatory conduction? A. Ependymal B. Oligodendrocyte C. Schwann D. All of the above are correct. E. B and C are correct only.</p><p>3 23. After the neurotransmitter traverses (crosses) the synaptic cleft and binds to its receptor, A. a graded potential will typically occur. B. a ligand-gated channel will typically open. C. an action potential will always occur. D. All of the above are correct. E. A and B are correct only.</p><p>24. Which of the following is correct regarding hyperpolarization? A. The transmembrane potential is less negative than the resting membrane potential. B. The membrane is in a relative refractory period. C. Voltage-gated Na+ channels are inactivated. D. No matter how strong the stimulus is, the membrane potential will not reach threshold and fire an action potential.</p><p>25. A graded potential is A. what occurs after threshold is reached. B. typically due to the opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels. C. a repolarization. D. what occurs when a neurotransmitter binds to a ligand-gated Na+ channel.</p><p>4</p>