<p> okVj csyh & isV esa ikuh nwljs uke % jkbZV osUVhdqyj gkbZijVªkQh] gkbZMªksijh dkfMZ;e] iYeksesjh gkbZij VsU'ku e`R;qnj % 2&25% 'kCchj vgen [kku] iksYVªh ,MokbZtjh ,.M VSDuhdy lfoZlst] xqM+xkao * bu lc ukeksa ls tkfgj gS fd blesa QsQM+k & fny vkSj yhoj rhuksa gh 'kjhj ds eq[; vax 'kkfey gSaA gkaykfd ge bls isV esa ikuh rd gh tkurs gSa tc fd ;g dbZ leL;kvksa dk vafre :i gSA ;g leL;k,sa dc 'kq: gqbZ & igys lIrkg] nwljs lIrkg ;k rhljs lIrkgA gesa rks rc irk pyk tc isV esa ikuh cuus yxk tks vUr gSA * rst c<+us okys czk;yj uLy dks vPNk lUrqfyr vkgkj pkfg;s vkSj vkt ds ifjos'k esa lcls vPNk lUrqfyr vkgkj fiysV QhM gS vkSj bl ckr dks fl¼ djus ds fy, cgqr ls izek.k gSaA ijUrq tc Hkh dksbZ fdlku fiysV QhM igyh ckj 'kq: djrk gS rks rst otu c<+us ds lkFk&lkFk mls isV esa ikuh Hkjus dk Hkh lkeuk djuk iM+rk gSA * ;gk¡ ,d ckr vkSj lkQ dj nsa & ykV esa rst c<+us okys czk;yj ,lkbZfVl ls T;knk xzLr gksrs gSa fo'ks"k :Ik ls uj czk;yj] ijUrq ftudh e`R;q gksrh gS og vkSjksa ds eqdkcys NksVs gksrs gSaA bldk rkRi;Z lkQ gS fd ;g rst c<+us okys gh Fks ijUrq igys fdlh le; buds QsQM+s & fny ,oa yhoj ij cqjk izHkko iM+k ftlds dkj.k bud c<+us dh jÝrkj /heh iM+ xbZ vkSj ejrs le; vkSjksa ds eqdkcys NksVs jgsA *vkbZ;s vc ;gk¡ ppkZ djrs gSa fd fiysV QhM vkSj izÚhfMax dk eSustesUV fdl izdkj djsa fd ,lkbZfVl dh leL;k ls Qykd dks cpk, j[kk tk,A *fiysV de le; esa vf/d [kk;k tkrk gS blfy, czk;yj rst xfr ls c<+dj de le; esa rS;kj gks tkrk gS vkSj ,Q- lh- vkj- Hkh de vkrk gSA ;g ykHk dh ckr gSA ijUrq blds fy, 'kjhj esa esVkckfyd fØ;k Hkh rst gks tkrh gSA bl fØ;k dh xfr cuk, j[kus ds fy, vkWDlhtu (gok) ,oa ikuh dh vko';drk Hkh c<+ tkrh gSA ;fn ;g vko';drk iwjh u gqbZ rks esVkckfyd xfr cgqr rst gksus ds dkj.k czk;yj dksf'k'k djrk gS fd vf/d ls vf/d jDr QsQM+ksa ds tfj;s iEi fd;k tk, ftlls fny ds jkbZV oSUVªhdy ij cgqr vf/d ncko iM+rk gS tks okLro esa cgqr NksVk gksrk gS] ijUrq ncko ds dkj.k bldk vkdkj nksxquk gks tkrk gS vkSj detksj gks dj mYVk izS'kj Mkyrk gS ftlds dkj.k yhoj ls Iyktek fjlko (yhd) dj isV esa ,df=kr gksrk gS tks lQsn ;k ihyk rjy gksrk gS vkSj isV Qwyuk 'kq: gks tkrk gS] ftls ,lkbZfVl ;k okVj csyh ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA vc ;gk¡ tks cgqr gh egRoiw.kZ ckrsa lkeus vkbZ gS og gS gok vkSj ikuhA * gok vkSj ikuh tks fcYdqy eqÝr gSa ml ij ge fdruk è;ku nsrs gSa\ cf<+;k otu de ls de QhM ij fcuk fdlh chekjh ds gok ,oa ikuh dk ;ksxnku fdlh Hkh gkyr esa cf<+;k ls cf<+;k QhM ls de ughaA cf<+;k QhM vdsys og Qy ugha ns ldrh ftldh gesa vis{kk gSA ikuh %&1- fiysV QhM ds dkj.k ikuh dh vko';drk T;knk gS] vr% ikuh gesa gj le; miyC/ gks ,oa ikuh ds crZu c<+kdj yxk;sa tk;saA 2- ikuh loPN QQwan ,oa dhVk.kw jfgr gks lkFk gh ikuh esa DyksjkbZM vkSj lksfM;e dh ek=kk vf/d u gks & B.Mk jgsA 3- ikuh dk rkieku tkMs esa dejs ds rkieku ls de u gks vkSj xehZ esa 220C ls vf/d u gks & B.Mk jgss gok %& 1- gok ls gh i{kh dks vkWDlhtu izkIr gksrh gS ,oa bldh deh vkerkSj ls igys fnu ls gh 'ksM esa gksrh gS fo'ks"k :i ls tkMs esaA 2- rkieku cuk;s j[kus ds fy, ge 'ksM dks pkjksa vkSj ls iksfyFkhu ls doj dj nsrs gSaA gok vUnj tk;s rks fd/j ls tk;sA vUnj cq[kkjh tyrh gS mls Hkh tyus ds fy, vkWDlhtu pkfg,A tks xYrh ls FkksM+h gok vUnj vk jgh gSA mls cq[kkjh [khap ysrh gSA pwtksa dks D;k feyk\ dkcZuMkbDlkbZM&dkcZueksuksvkDlkbZM&veksfu;k vkSj 'kk;n FkksM+h lh vkWDlhtuA ,slh gkyr esa QsQM+s ds LoLFk fodkl ij xgjk vlj iM+rk gSA 'ksM ds nksuksa vkSj ls czfMax rkieku dks cuk;s j[krs gq, vki Åij ls ftruk [kqyk NksM+ ldrs gSa vo'; [kqyk j[ksaA Hkys blds fy, vkidks rkieku cuk;s j[kus ds fy, vfrfjDr cUnkscLr djuk iM+sA rkieku pSd djus ds fy, FkekZehVj t:j j[ksaA vUnkt dk [ksy u [ksysaA 3- vc czk;yj czhM rks rst jÝrkj ls c<+us dh {kerk j[krh gS ijUrq QsQM+ksa dk fodkl ml vuqikr esa ugha gqvk ftruk 'kjhj dk gqvkA ,slh gkyr esa vxj fo"kSyh xSl gh QsQM+ksa dks feyh gks rks ;g fodkl vkSj :d tkrk gSA ,sls QsQM+s vkWDlhtu dh vko';drk dks 'kjhj esa iwjk djus esa l{ke ugha gksrs Hkys gh vc vkius gok dk vknku iznku c<+k fn;k gksA ,slh voLFkk esa ,lkbZfVl dh iwjh lEHkkouk gSA 4- igys lIrkg esa vxj QQwUn jksx dk izdksi gks tk;s rks Bhd gksus ds ckn Hkh ;g QsQM+s vius dke dks iwjh rjg ls vUtke ugha ns ikrsA vkxs py dj blesa ,lkbZfVl Hkh curh gSA ;gh ugha vkSj vkxs pydj blesa lh- vkj- Mh- Hkh vkrh gSA vr% QQwan jksx ls cpko ds fy, cqjkns dk VªhVeSUV igys gh dj ysuk pkfg,A ;g QQwUn jksx gSpjh ls Hkh vk ldrk gSA 5- dksYM'kkd ;k B.M dk >Vdk dg ysa ;g gekjs czwfMax dh leL;k dk vfHkUu vax gSA 24 ?kUVs esa dbZ ckj ;g 'kkd yxrk gSA tjk bl tkM dh jkr esa lqcg 3&4 cts rkieku pSd djssa ;g vko';drk ls de gksxkA ;fn ,sls dbZ >Vds yx x,s rks ,sls ykV esa ,lkbZfVl dh iwjh lEHkkouk gSA ,slh gkyr esa esVkckfyd jsV Hkh dkQh c<+ tkrk gSA 6- lh- vkj- Mh- dk izdksi ftlesa QsQM+ksa ij lh/k vlj iM+rk gS vkSj QsQM+s lgh rjhds ls vkWDlhtu dk forj.k 'kjhj ds iwjs Hkkx esa ugha dj ikrs gSa & ,lkbZfVl dk dkj.k curk gSA vU; dkj.k %& 1- veksfu;k dk vf/d gksuk Hkh ,lkbZfVl dk dkj.k gSA vr% gok dk vknku iznku ,oa cqjkns dks lw[kk cuk;s j[kus dk iwjk iz;kstu gksuk pkfg;sA jsfdax jkst djsa ysfdu è;ku jgs ml le; inkZ [kqyk jgsA 2- /wvk¡ cgqr gh gkfudkjd gSA cq[kkjh ls dgha Hkh yhdst u gksA tgk¡ ls gks ogka feV~Vh dk ysi yxk nsaA 3- /wy pkgsa og cqjkns esa gks ;k ckgj ls vk¡/h rqQku ykbZ gks ;k xsgw¡ ds dVus ds le; dh /wy gks ;g lc QsQM+s ij vlj Mkyrh gS vkSj lh- vkj- Mh- ;k ,lkbZfVl ds :i esa izdV gksrh gSA 4- lw[kh gok tks cq[kkjh tyus ds dkj.k 'ksM esa gksrh gS] gkfudkjd gSA blfy, rlys esa ikuh cq[kkjh ds Åij j[k nsa rkfd 'ksM ds vUnj FkksM+h ueh cuh jgs vkSj lw[kh ([kq"d) gok lkal ds tfj;s vUnj u tk;sA 5- 'ksM dk rkieku de gksus ij QhM dh [kir c<+sxh vkSj lkFk gh esVkckfyd xfr ,oa vkWDlhtu dh vko';drkA vr% 'ksM ds rkieku dks mez ds fglkc ls cuk;s j[kuk pkfg;sA 6- ,sUVhdck;ksfVD ,oa lYQk nokvksa dk cgqr vf/d iz;ksx Hkh gkfudkjd gSA cgqr ls fdlku HkkbZ vuk;kl gh nok yxkrs gSaA dHkh&dHkh rks dbZ nok ,d lkFk feykdj yxkrs gSa pkgs mudh dkEisVsfcYVh gks ;k u gksA ,slkbZfVl esa bl rjg dh nok nsuk dkQh gkfudkjd gksxkA 7- gkWV oSDlhu dk mi;ksx Hkh ,slkbZfVl dks nkor nsrk gSA vxj pwtksa dks B.M yxh gks ;k dksbZ chekjh gks tSls QQwUn jksx] fuekfu;k&vkseQykbZZfVl&bdksykbZ ;k lh- vk- Mh- ,sls le; esa dksbZ Hkh gkWV oSDlhu yxk nh yk;s rks gkfudkjd fl¼ gksxhA dHkh Hkh yklksVk jkuh[ksr chekjh ds fy, igys u yxk;saA ,d LVªsu gh 'kq: esa yxk;saA dHkh Hkh xEcksjks oSDlhu ds rqjUr ckn dksbZ Hkh ykbZo oSDlhu u yxk;sa&de ls de 6&7 fnu dk vUrj j[ksaA 8- fdlh dkj.ko'k oSUVhys'ku [kjkc gksus ls gSp [kjkc gks x;k gks &,sls pwtksa esa ,slkbZfVl dh laHkkouk cgqr c<+ tkrh gSA 9- pwtksa ij QkeZyhu dk fNM+dko ;k ?kfV;k fMlbUQsDVsUV ds dkj.k ,lkbZfVl dk izdksi gks ldrk gSA 10- tc izhLVkVZj ls LVkVZj ;k LVkVZj ls fQfu'kj ij tkrs gSa rks nkus dk cnyko /hjs&/hjs djuk pkfg;s de ls de rhu fnu esa iwjk ifjorZu djuk pkfg,A rqjUr djus ls czk;yj ij ncko (LVªsl) iM+rk gSA bl LVªsl ds dkj.k eSVkckfyd xfr rst gks tkrh gSA ;g Hkh gkfudkjd gSA vc rd ftruh ckrsa dh xbZ og ,slkbZfVl ds dkj.kksa ds ckjs esa FkhA ;g lkjs dkj.k ,d ncko (LVªsl) Mkyrs gSaA tc ;g LVªsl dbZ ,d lkFk gks tkrs gS rks lkjk cpko Qsy gks tkrk gSA vxj vU; chekfj;ksa ls Hkh gksxkA xzksFk cgqr vPNh vk;saxh ,oa ,Q- lh-vkj- de ls de vk;sxkA blls vkidk ykHk c<+sxkA vxj ,lkbZfVl ds y{k.k fn[kus yxsa rks vki D;k djsaA 1- tks ckrsa Åij crkbZ xbZ gSa mlds fglkc ls vius eSustesUV dk è;kuiwoZd fo'ys"k.k djsaA =kqfV;ksa dk rqjUr lq/kj djsaA 2- dksyhu DyksjkbZM ;k VkDlky ;k gsisVksds;j ;k MkbZftfLVe ikuh esa nsaA foVkfeu , ,oa lh Hkh ikuh esa nsaA ;fn 24&36 ?k.Vs esa ,lkbZfVl de ugha gksrkA rhu&pkj fnu ds fy, 20-25 % QhM de dj nsaA ;fn blls Hkh de u gksa rks nks&rhu fnu dsoy xsagw dk nfy;k nsaA 3- Qykf'kax ds fy, dqN vk;qosZfnd nok;sa miyC/ gSa mudk mi;ksx Hkh ykHkizn gks ldrk gSA 4- blds vfrfjDr fuEu phtsa feykdj vki ns ldrs gSa tks ,slkbZfVl esa gh ugha cfYd xkÅV ,oa VkDlhflVh esa Hkh ykHkizn gksxkA veksfu;e DyksjkbZM 20 xzke iksVsf'k;e ukbZVªsV 10 xzke lksMk&ckbZ&dkcZ 10 xzke 'khjk 1 fdyks foVkfeu , 15 fe- yh- bu ikapks rRoksa dks rhu&pkj ?k.Vs ds ikuh esa 1500 fdyks otu ij nsuk gSA rhu&pkj fnu ls vf/d u nsaA bu lkjh ckrksa dk fu"d"kZ ;g fudyrk gS fd QsQM+s&fny vkSj Dysth dks LoLFk cuk;s j[kuk gSA ftlds fy, cf<+;k larqfyr QhM ds lkFk loPN gok vkSj ikuh dk i;kZIr gksuk vko';d gSA rkieku mez ds fglkc ls cuk;s j[kuk vko';d gSA dksbZ Hkh fo"kSyh xSl 'ksM esa u gksA tks fdlku 'kq: ds lkr fnu ckn QhM FkksM+s&FkksM+s vUrjky ds ckn f[kyk ldrs gSa cgqr gh vPNk gksxkA ,slkbZfVl ls rks cpko gksxk gh lkFk gh cgqr vPNk ,Q- lh- vkj- vk;sxkA</p>