<p> Chapter 9: Burns</p><p>Types of Burns: Thermal burns: caused by flames, contact with hot objects, flammable vapor that ignite and causes a flash or an explosion, steam, or hot liquid</p><p>Chemical burns: Can cause tissue damage and death if they come in contact with the skin. Three types of chemicals, acids, alkalis, and organic compounds are the most common chemical burns</p><p>Electrical burns: The severity of the injury from electric current depends on the type of current (direct or alternating), the voltage, the area of the body exposed, and the duration of contact.</p><p>Depth of Burns: First degree(superficial): Affect the skin’s outer layer Characteristics include redness, mild swelling, tenderness and pain</p><p>Second-degree (partial-thickness) burns: Extend though the skin’s entire outer layer and into the inner layer Blisters, swelling, weeping of fluids</p><p>Third-degree (full thickness) burns: Severe burns that penetrate all the skin layers and the underlying fat and muscle The skin looks leathery, waxy, or pearly gray, sometimes charred The victim feels no pain from a third degree burn because the nerve endings have been damaged or destroyed</p><p>Extent of Burns: Determine the severity of the burn Rule of the Hand: The victim’s entire hand represents about 1% of his or her total body surface area (BSA) Burns on the face, hands, feet, and genitals are more severe than on other body parts</p><p>Care of Thermal Burns:  First-Degree Burns: Cool the burn with cold water until the part is pain free (at least 10 minutes)</p><p>After the burn cools, apply an Aloe Vera gel or skin moisturizer to keep skin moistened and reduce itching and peeling</p><p>Give ibuprofen to relieve pain and inflammation. Give acetaminophen to children</p><p> Second Degree Burns: Remove clothing and jewelry from the burned area</p><p>Cool the burn with cold water until the part is pain free After the burn has been cooled, apply antibiotic ointment</p><p>Cover the burn loosely with a dry, nonstick, sterile or clean dressing to keep the clean</p><p>Give ibuprofen to relieve pain and inflammation. Give acetaminophen for children</p><p> Large Second Degree and All Third Degree Burns Monitor breathing</p><p>Remove clothing and jewelry that is not stuck to the burned area</p><p>Cover the burn with a dry, nonstick, sterile or clean dressing</p><p>Care for shock</p><p>Seek medical care</p><p>Chemical Burns: a chemical burn results when a caustic or corrosive substance touches the skin Remove as fast as possible</p><p>Care for Chemical Burns:</p><p>Immediately flush the area with a large quantity of water for 20 minutes, if the chemical is a dry powder brush the powder from skin before flushing</p><p>Remove the victims contaminated clothing and jewelry while flushing with water</p><p>Cover the affected area with a dry, sterile or clean dressing</p><p>Seek medical care</p><p>Electrical Burns: Thermal (flame): clothing or objects in contact with the skin are ignited by an electric current Arc burn (flash): when electricity jumps from one spot to another True electrical injury (contact): when an electric current passes directly through the body, which can disrupt the normal heart rhythm and cause cardiac arrest and burns</p><p>Care for Electrical Burns: Make sure the area is safe, unplug, disconnect, or turn of the power, if that is possible call 9-1-1</p><p>Monitor breathing</p><p>If the victim fell, check for a possible spinal injury</p><p>Care for shock</p><p>Call 9-1-1 for medical care Chapter 9: Burns</p><p>Types of Burns: Thermal burns: ______</p><p>Chemical burns: Can cause tissue damage and death if they come in contact with the skin. Three types of chemicals, acids, alkalis, and organic compounds are the most common chemical burns</p><p>Electrical burns: The severity of the injury from electric current depends on the type of current (direct or alternating), the voltage, the area of the body exposed, and the duration of contact.</p><p>Depth of Burns: First degree(superficial): ______Second-degree (partial-thickness) burns: Extend though the skin’s entire outer layer and into the inner layer Blisters, swelling, weeping of fluids</p><p>Third-degree (full thickness) burns: ______The skin looks leathery, waxy, or pearly gray, sometimes charred The victim feels no pain from a third degree burn because the nerve endings have been damaged or destroyed</p><p>Extent of Burns: Determine the severity of the burn ______The victim’s entire hand represents about 1% of his or her total body surface area (BSA) Burns on the face, hands, feet, and genitals are more severe than on other body parts</p><p>Care of Thermal Burns:  First-Degree Burns: Cool the burn with cold water until the part is pain free (at least 10 minutes)</p><p>After the burn cools, apply an Aloe Vera gel or skin moisturizer to keep skin moistened and reduce itching and peeling</p><p>______</p><p> Second Degree Burns: Remove clothing and jewelry from the burned area</p><p>______</p><p>After the burn has been cooled, apply antibiotic ointment</p><p>Cover the burn loosely with a dry, nonstick, sterile or clean dressing to keep the clean</p><p>Give ibuprofen to relieve pain and inflammation. Give acetaminophen for children</p><p> Large Second Degree and All Third Degree Burns ______</p><p>Remove clothing and jewelry that is not stuck to the burned area</p><p>Cover the burn with a dry, nonstick, sterile or clean dressing</p><p>______</p><p>Seek medical care</p><p>Chemical Burns: a chemical burn results when a caustic or corrosive substance touches the skin Remove as fast as possible</p><p>Care for Chemical Burns:</p><p>______</p><p>______</p><p>Remove the victims contaminated clothing and jewelry while flushing with water</p><p>Cover the affected area with a dry, sterile or clean dressing</p><p>Seek medical care</p><p>Electrical Burns: Thermal (flame): ______Arc burn (flash): when electricity jumps from one spot to another ______when an electric current passes directly through the body, which can disrupt the normal heart rhythm and cause cardiac arrest and burns</p><p>Care for Electrical Burns: Make sure the area is safe, unplug, disconnect, or turn of the power, if that is possible call 9-1-1</p><p>______</p><p>If the victim fell, check for a possible spinal injury</p><p>Care for shock</p><p>______</p>