<p> Apes Unit 1 Study guide</p><p>(You are Welcome! This Study Guide is Worth 40 Points!!!)</p><p>Please handwrite your answers on a separate sheet of paper or on flash cards.</p><p>1. What do the following terms mean in relation to the water cycle (hydrologic cycle)?</p><p>Evaporation, Transpiration, Condensation, Precipitation (all forms of precipitation), Infiltration, Percolation, and Runoff.</p><p>2. What do the following water quality terms mean: Hard water, soft water, turbid, coliform, pH, salinity, brackish, dissolved oxygen (DO), storm water, and runoff. </p><p>3. Where do we get most of our drinking water from?</p><p>4. What do the following terms and their relationship to fresh water mean: Groundwater, Water Table, Watershed, Infiltration, Aquifer, and Recharge Area? </p><p>5. What constitutes the greatest percentage of domestic use of water in the United States?</p><p>6. What does the term desalination refer to?</p><p>7. What is the difference between green water and blue water?</p><p>8. What are the specific zones of lake stratification, trophic states and their characteristics? (littoral zone, Epilimnion, Oligotrophic, Eutrophic)</p><p>9. What does eutrophication mean?</p><p>10. What is the relationship between phytoplankton and photosynthesis?</p><p>11. What is the role of phosphate in water pollution and algal blooms?</p><p>12. What is a dead zone?</p><p>13. What is the difference between a point source and a non-point source of pollution? (Give two examples of each)</p><p>14. What causes wind?</p><p>15. How do clouds form? 16. What significant events occur within the following atmospheric levels: Trophosphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, and Thermosphere.</p><p>17. What is the exact composition of the air we breathe?</p><p>18. What is the function of the ozone layer? What is the molecular formula of ozone?</p><p>19. What are the most abundant elements of life?</p><p>20. What is the most abundant element in the Earth’s crust and core?</p><p>21. Why is nitrogen important? What are the components of the nitrogen cycle?</p><p>22. What are the products and reactants of photosynthesis?</p><p>23. How does photosynthesis relate to respiration?</p><p>24. Why is nitrogen important to us? What are its constituents?</p><p>25. Define soil-</p><p>26. What are the 4 distinct parts of soil?</p><p>27. List some reasons why soil is important to the environment.</p><p>28. How is the parent material of soil formed?</p><p>29. List some examples of </p><p>30. Physical weathering-</p><p>31. Chemical weathering-</p><p>32. Describe different soil properties:</p><p>Texture-</p><p>Structure-</p><p>Friability-</p><p>Porosity-</p><p>Permeability-</p><p> pH-</p><p>Color- 33. Describe the various soil horizons:</p><p>O-horizon-</p><p>A-horizon-</p><p>B-horizon-</p><p>C-horizon-</p><p>34. Describe erosion and its importance to the environment.</p><p>35. Describe various methods of erosion control.</p><p>36. What is the difference between macronutrients and micronutrients? Give examples of each.</p><p>37. What are organic/inorganic fertilizers? Give benefits and costs of each.</p><p>38. What is the Clean Water Act? 39. What is the Safe Drinking Water Act? 40. What is the Water Quality Act?</p>