<p> NAME______• Also linked to other parts of the Chapter 4 Section 1 Life in the Colonies ______The Colonial Regions • New England ships traded with the • Were very ______and across the Atlantic Ocean • Were as different as “fire and • Followed different trading ______” • Still they continued to grow • ______and back • 1700- 250,000 • ______trade • 1770’s- 2,500,000 • Example: ______to Africa • African Americans- 28,000 to more than • ______was very common in the 500,000 West Indies • ______increased The Middle Passage • Most lived in ______• Enslaved Africans first went to a • New York, Philadelphia, Charles Town, ______Fort on the West African coast Savannah, and Newport • ______together with ropes around • Freedom of ______was allowed their necks and hands here • ______New England Colonies • Forced on a ______• Most people lived in well organized towns • Trip across ______is called the • Meetinghouse- ______and town Middle Passage meetings • A young African Olaudah Equiano described • Citizen ______trained his journey: • “So crowded that each had scarcely room to • Farms were ______himself, almost suffocated us…” • New England had a poor ______• Chained together for more than a season and ______soil ______• Farmers practiced subsistence More Middle Passage ______• Could hardly sit or ______• Just enough to meet their families • Given little ______or water ______• Africans that died or became sick were thrown • Most Northern farmers relied on their ______children for ______• Those that refused to eat were Commerce in New England ______• Commerce= trade • Many ______businesses • When they reached American ports they went • Water ran mills for grinding grain or sawing to the slave ______lumber • ______and prodded • Women made cloth, garments, candles, and • Sold as ______soap for their ______• Between the 1400s and mid 1800s about • Sometimes to sell ______were forcibly transported to the Americas • Large towns attracted skilled craftspeople The Middle Colonies • Blacksmiths, shoemakers, furniture makers, • Better soil and growing season than New gunsmiths, metalsmiths, and printers England • ______was important • Farms produced bigger ______• Fishing and ______was very important • Grew wheat and other ______Colonial Trade crops • Northern coastal cities were the centers of • New York and Philadelphia sold these crops ______and became busy ports • Linked Northern Colonies with Southern • NY- 18,000 people Phily- 24,000 largest Colonies cities in the ______Industries in the Middle Colonies • Some home based- carpentry and flour • Each plantation was a self-contained making community • Others larger- lumbering, mining, and small • Planter’s ______supervised the scale manufacturing house and house servants • ______mills • Plantation included slave cabins, barns, and • Many were ______immigrants stables • 100,000 Germans came to America during the • Also blacksmith shops, storerooms, and colonial era ______• Most in ______• Maybe even a chapel and school • Great ______in the Middle Backcountry Colonies • Toward the ______Mountains • Germans, Dutch, Swedish, and other non- • Small farms- grew tobacco and corn English • Worked ______or with their The Southern Colonies and Slavery families • Good ______season and soil • May have 1 or 2 ______• Most settlers made their living from • Small farmers outnumbered the plantation ______owners • Little commerce or ______• Plantation owners were very wealthy and had • ______was the principal cash more influence crop of Maryland and Virginia • Plantation owners ______• Most sold in ______economic and political life in the region • Planters tried to use indentured servants Slavery • Too ______and scarce • Most slaves lived on plantations • Began using enslaved ______• Most worked in fields and suffered great Tobacco and Slavery ______• Overseers kept slaves working • Slaveholders grew ______from ______tobacco • 1705- Virginia created slave • Surplus sometimes made ______fall • Strict rules that governed the behavior and • This caused some farmers to grow other crops punishments of slaves (corn and wheat) • Couldn’t leave plantations without written South Carolina and Georgia permission • Main cash crop was ______• Could not meet in large ______• Allowed ______slaves • Created rice fields called paddies • For serious crimes, owners could • Work was very ______or burn to death the slave • Standing knee deep in ______all • Slaves that ran away were punished day ______• Blazing ______African Traditions • Biting ______• Enslaved African ______were • Relied on ______labor torn apart • Rice was even more ______that • Turned to African roots tobacco • Some learned ______- carpentry, • Rice became popular in Europe and price rose blacksmithing, or weaving Tidewater • Most Southern plantations were located on the • Some were able to buy their ______• Flat, low-lying plains along the seacoast Criticism of Slavery • Located on rivers so they could take crops to • Most white Southerners were ______market by ______slaveholders • Some did not believe in slavery • Less support in ______colonies • ______refused to own slaves • ______condemned slavery Essential Question • How did geography affect the economic development of the three colonial regions? -New England: Harsh Climate and rocky soil led to subsistence farming; coastal location led to shipbuilding and other industries, fishing, and trade - Middle Colonies: fertile soil and milder climate led to larger farms and cash crops; availability of natural resources led to small-scale manufacturing, lumbering, and mining; good ports allowed trade. - Southern Colonies: Rich soil and warm climate led to large farms, cash crops, the development of the plantation system, and an economy based on slavery.</p>