<p> Handout #2 on Plato’s Republic</p><p>H. Since our bodily senses (sight, hearing, touch, taste, and smell) can have only ______things as their objects, the forms can’t be known by these senses. Instead, only our ______(a sixth sense, as it were) can know the forms. In fact, our bodily senses can give us only ______, or opinions, which are about physical things. Only our mind can give us genuine knowledge, which is about the forms.</p><p>I. Since genuine knowledge is of the forms, and the forms are independent of the experience of our ______, all genuine knowledge is independent of the senses. Plato calls such knowledge a priori (literally: “______” sense-experience).</p><p>III. The form of the good: Recall that particular things are what they are because they participate in a ______. So too are forms what they are because they participate in a ______-form: the form of the ______. The form of the good is what it is to be a ______; it is the form of ______. But what is it to be a form? - Recall that forms are responsible for all ______in particular things. This is because physical things are good to the extent that they participate in a form. For example, this is a good square because it participates in the form of ______. Or a particular city is good because it participates in the form of ______. Similarly, the forms are all ______because they participate (equally and completely) in the form of the ______, which is ______, or ______, itself. - Forms never contain a mixture of ______properties. Thus the form of the good is ______itself. - Forms are ______and ______; they are constantly available for someone’s mind to contemplate. Thus the form of the good is ______itself. </p><p>IV. Plato on being: A. form of the ______/\ ______/\ /\ ______things /\ /\ /\ ______</p><p>B. Sun analogy:</p><p> sun Form of the good ↓ ↓ ______↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ eye → (______) → visible things soul → (______) → Forms</p><p>14 C. Since the forms are the only things that fully ______, and since the forms are constantly present, being for Plato is ______. Note what’s happening here: Plato has a definition of “______”: being = constant presence. This definition entails that there are ______beings, which are the things that meet this definition most ______. These are the ______, and ultimately the form of the ______.</p><p>15</p>
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