Textbook Guided Reading Students Will Answer a Series of Multiple Choice Questions Based

Mr. Sullivan Name ______AP World History Date ______Textbook Guided Reading POD 15 Europe Encounters America Period ______Directions: Please complete these questions as a means to BEGIN studying and preparing for the upcoming POD test. It is your responsibility to complete this task by the due date. You may wish to refer to your class notes and materials, as well as your textbook for assistance in the completion of this task. All answers should be placed on the answer worksheet belowEach Question is worth 1 pointNota bene: The corresponding textbook page numbers are included with each question for your assistance.Question Answer Question Answer Question Answer Question Answer 1 16 31 46 2 17 32 47 3 18 33 484 19 34 49 5 20 35 50 6 21 36 51 7 22 37 52 8 23 38 53 9 24 39 54 10 25 40 55 11 26 41 56 12 27 42 57 13 28 43a 58 14 29 44 59 15 30 45 6043bQuestion Answer Question Answer Question Answer Question Answer 61 76 91 106 62 77 92 107 63 78 93 10864 79 94 109 65 80 95 110 66 81 96 111 67 82 97 112 68 83 98 113 69 84 99 114 70 85 100 115 71 86 101 116 72 87 102 117 73 88 103 118 74 89 104 119 75 90 105 120Question Answer Question Answer Question Answer Question Answer 121 126 131 136 122 127 132 137 123 128 133124 129 134 125 130 1351. The Mexica were organized in a. altepetl. b. phalanxes. c. fraterie. d. satrapy. e. guilds. REF: p. 3142. The major states in the postclassic periods were those of the a. Toltecs and Aztecs b. Aztecs and Incans c. Moche and Anasazi d. Hopewell and Olmec e. Chavin and Moche REF: p. 3133. The Aztec monarch was determined by a. lateral succession lines. b. the oldest son. c. matrilineal succession. d. a death match between brothers. e. a council of aristocrats. REF: p. 3154. The capital of the Aztec Empire was in a. Teotihaucan b. Texcoco c. Tenochtitlan d. Tikal e. Tula REF: p. 3155. The calpolli was: a. a political block of religious, social or political organizations. b. a collective of chinampas laborers. c. the elite religious-military leaders of the Aztec d. candidates for human sacrifice. e. the base of the altepetl REF: p. 3156.The Aztecs formed their empire by a. ruthlessly conquering other peoples. b. marrying into neighboring tribes to create a homogeneous society. c. negotiating to divide desired geographic areas. d. peacefully coexisting on the basis of mutual interests. e. creating a voluntary association league that offered protection in numbers. REF: p. 3157. Long distance trade among the Aztecs was a. conducted using horses and carts. b. controlled by the traditional aristocracy. c. confined to lightweight goods like gold and animal skins. d. carried by dogs and sleds. e. nonexistent. REF: p. 3168. Aztec trade was improved by a. navigation using longitude and latitude. b. letters of credit instead of money. c. rest stations at specific intervals. d. centralized locations of commerce. e. none of these. REF: p. 3169. The principal reason for human sacrifice among the Aztecs was a. to punish enemies. b. to enhance the power of the emperor. c. intimidation and conquest. d. Huitzilopochtli required a diet of human hearts. e. entertainment. REF: p. 31710. Differences between the positions held by men and women in Aztec society were termed a. Gendered division of labor b. Gender bias c. Gender complementarity d. Gendered determinism e. none of these REF: p. 31611. Andean civilization was a. centralized and urban. b. isolated and mountainous. c. a center of trade and high-yield agriculture. d. a major fishing enterprise. e. in the lowlands with fertile plains for farming. REF: p. 32112. The Andean mountain agriculture supposed which products? a. Quinoa and potatoes b. Corn and beans c. maize, cotton and fish d. Grains and dairy products e. Meat, grains, and potatoes REF: p. 32213. Llamas and alpacas were valued by the Incas for a. wool. b. food. c. transportation. d. all of the these. e. none of these; they were sacred to Incan religion. REF: p. 32214. The mit'a was a. the hereditary ruler of the Incan empire b. a clan organization in the Andes c. a Mochan textile weaver d. a system of work organization by ayllu e. a system of agricultural harvesting REF: p. 32215. The important family structure in Andean civilization was the a. ayllu. b. altepetl. c. kormire'. d. matrilinear village. e. mit'a. REF: p. 32216. Labor in Andean civilization was divided according to a. ethnicity. b. gender. c. class. d. the will of the overlord. e. levels of skill. REF: p. 32217. Moche civilization was a. democratic. b. oligarchic. c. a military dictatorship. d. a monarchy. e. theocratic. REF: p. 32318. The Moche civilization was probably destroyed by a. weather. b. conquest. c. religious ritual. d. failure of trade. e. earthquakes. REF: p. 32419. The Aztec god that was the focus of the cult of the hummingbird was called a. Quetzalcoatl. b. Nahuatl. c. Huitzilopochtli. d. acllas. e. Trochilidae. REF: p. 31720. The two Andean cities that precede the Incan civilization are a. Chanchan and Teotihuacan. b. Wari and Tiwanaku. c. Tenochtitlan and Toledo. d. Kilwa and Mombasa. e. Dos Pilas and San Lorenzo. REF: p. 324-32621. How did the Inca ensure the loyalty of defeated regions? a. By forcing the heirs of defeated rulers to live in the royal court b. By the use of fear and terror tactics c. By the extension of full citizenship to all conquered areas d. By committing genocide in the region e. By killing their defeated rulers and displaying their bodies publicly REF: p. 32622. The city of Cuzco was not as large as Tenochtitlan, but a. it was designed in concentric circles. b. it was laid out in the shape of a puma. c. all buildings faced east. d. it was the center of human sacrifice. e. it held the largest stadium in South America. REF: p. 32723.What evidence supports the belief that eastern Pacific islands were settled as a result of planned expeditions by Polynesian mariners? a. DNA evidence b. Linguistic similarities c. Transference of indigenous plants d. Settlements in Easter Island and New Zealand e. All of these REF: p. 42124. The island of Madagascar was settled by a. Malayo-Indonesians. b. Polynesians. c. Arabs. d. Africans. e. both A and B. REF: p. 42225. Sailing in the Indian Ocean was less difficult and dangerous than in other places because a. it is shallow. b. there is less wind. c. the monsoon winds are predictable. d. it isn't an ocean, but rather a large saltwater lake. e. there are no sharks. REF: p. 42226. The vessels of the Indian Ocean were called: a. junks b. triremes c. galleons d. dhows e. sloops REF: p. 42227. How did the rise of medieval Islam give trade in the Indian Ocean an important boost? a. The Muslim cities in the Middle East provided a demand for commodities. b. Networks of Muslim traders tied the region together. c. The Muslim traders shared a common ethic, language, and law. d. Muslim traders actively spread their religion to distant trading cities. e. All of these REF: p. 42228. The Ming Empire attempted to create new Indian Ocean contacts by a. sending out seven imperial fleets between 1405 and 1433. b. employing Mongol horsemen to travel the Silk Road. c. attempting to defeat the Portuguese in the famous sea battle of Calcutta. d. establishing maritime courts to deal with pirates and privateers. e. building "artificial" islands. REF: p. 42229. Which of the following statements is not true of Chinese-African contacts circa 1415-1433? a. At least three trading cities in East Africa sent delegations to China in 1415. b. Zheng's voyages were extended to Africa. c. Zheng's voyages stimulated the Swahili silk market. d. The Chinese imported more pepper as a result of this contact. e. Many cultural misunderstandings led to the Sino-African War. REF: p. 423-42430. The Chinese treasure ships of Zheng He carried a. people and animals as settlers for far-flung colonies. b. silk, metals, and other valuable goods as gifts for distant rulers. c. soldiers to fight the Japanese pirates in the Sea of Japan. d. balsa wood for buoyancy. e. salted fish. REF: p. 42331. Why did the Ming court suspend the voyages of Zheng He? a. The Chinese had suffered great epidemics from their contacts in the Indian Ocean. b. Zheng He's fleet was sunk by Portuguese naval might. c. The government believed that little could be gained by exploring. d. The unpredictable weather of the Indian Ocean made these voyages too unsafe. e. Zheng He used the fleet to lead a revolution against the Ming emperor. REF: p. 42432.The greatest mariners of the Atlantic in the Early Middle Ages were a. Mongols. b. Ostrogoths. c. Celts. d. Vikings. e. Lombards. REF: p. 42433. How did the Vikings maneuver across long distances? a. Use of the astrolabe and compass b. Knowledge of the heavens and seas. c. Extensive Arabic maps d. Legends and oral traditions. e. Trial and error. REF: p. 42434. In addition to sailing up the Pacific coast, early Amerindians from South America also colonized a. the West Indies. b. Greenland. c. Newfoundland. d. Iceland. e. Finland. REF: p. 42435. What two nations began a maritime revolution that profoundly altered the course of world history? a. England and France b. Portugal and Spain c. Germany and Russia d. China and Japan e. Greece and Italy REF: p. 42536. The motives that led to Iberian overseas expansion were a. economic. b. religious. c. political. d. intellectual. e. all of these. REF: p. 425-42637. What factors combined to make Spain one of the most powerful European states in the 16th century? a. The marriage of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabel of Castile b. Expulsion of the Muslims from Spain in 1492 c. Spain's influence with the Catholic church d. Political alliances with the Abbasid Caliphate e. Being the center of intellectual development in Europe. REF: p. 42638. Why didn't the Italian states take a lead in exploring the Atlantic? a. Italy lacked warm water access and seafaring technology. b. The ships of the Mediterranean were ill suited to the Atlantic. c. The trading states of Venice and Genoa preferred a system of alliances with the Muslims. d. Both A and B e. Both B and C REF: p. 42639. Which of the following was a reason for Iberian overseas exploration? a. Long-standing Muslim alliances b. Spain was a center of Renaissance learning. c. They already had the major share of Mediterranean trade. d. Christian pacifism e. None of these REF: p. 42640. An early motivation for Portuguese maritime exploration was to a. gain access to the sub-Saharan gold trade. b. find buried treasure near Madagasacar. c. discover the "New World." d. find the Christian kingdom of Prester John. e. quell political dissent. REF: p. 42641. Prince Henry of Portugal was known as Henry the Navigator because a. he was the first person to round the Cape of Good Hope. b. he devoted his life to promoting exploration. c. he designed the compass. d. he discovered America. e. "navigator" means conqueror in Portuguese. REF: p. 42642. The explicit goal of Portuguese explorers was to: a. convert Africans to Christianity b. overthrow the Islamic state in North Africa c. launch a new crusade against the Ottoman Empire d. find a passage to India e. initiate the African slave trade. REF: p. 42643a. When Portugal began making a significant income from Africa, it began to issue a. stock options. b. private investment opportunities to sponsor maritime cargo and trade. c. gold coins called cruzados. d. military detachments to protect merchant ships laden with goods. e. Jesuit settlements in repayment to the Order of Christ. REF: p. 42943b. Two important navigational technologies, the magnetic compass and the astrolabe, a. were invented by Henry the Navigator. b. were invented by Columbus. c. were of Italian origin. d. were held by an exclusive English patent. e. were of Chinese and Arab or Greek origin, respectively. REF: p. 42644. The Portuguese contribution to shipbuilding technology was the creation of the a. dhow b. junk c. galleon d. trireme e. caravel REF: p. 42745. The advantage of the caravel was that it was a. fast. b. maneuverable. c. a good fighting ship. d. strong. e. all of these. REF: p. 42746. An important addition to the maritime revolution was a. learning to speedily return by sailing northwest to ride westerly winds. b. learning that the magnetic compass did not work while at sea. c. recognizing that the caravel was unsuited for voyages of exploration. d. understanding that the lost island of Atlantis was accessible via caravel. e. improvements to his ship design by Thomas of Caravel. REF: p. 42747. The first Portuguese explorer to purchase the rights of exploration of Africa was a. Fernão Gomes b. Bartolomeu Dias c. Bartolomo de las Casas d. Ferdinand Magellan e. Christopher Columbus REF: p. 42948. The first financial return from the Portuguese voyages came from a. the gold trade. b. the slave trade. c. the silk trade. d. the spice trade. e. none of these. REF: p. 42949. The first Portuguese explorer to reach the southern tip of Africa and view the Indian Ocean was a. Bartolomeu Dias. b. Prince Henry. c. Vasco da Gama. d. Ferdinand Magellan. e. Jesus Alou. REF: p. 42950. In 1500, what did Portuguese mariners discover while attempting to find a favorable wind around Africa? a. The east coast of South America b. The west coast of North America c. The North Pole d. The Russian coast e. The river Styx REF: p. 42951. Christopher Columbus was from a. Sicily. b. Spain. c. Portugal. d. Genoa. e. Syracuse. REF: p. 42952. Columbus insisted that he had reached a. the Indian Ocean. b. the West Indies. c. the New World. d. China. e. Malacca. REF: p. 43053. The Treaty of Tordesillas divided the New World between a. Islamic Africa and Christian America. b. Spain and China. c. Portugal and Malacca. d. Spain and Portugal. e. Spain and Genoa. REF: p. 430-43154. An area of dispute between Portugal and Spain despite the Treaty of Tordesillas was who had claim to the spice trade from: a. Macao b. Indonesia c. Goa d. Singapore e. Molucca ANS: E REF: p. 43155. What did the Portuguese NOT trade with the kingdom of Benin? a. Copper b. Textiles c. Glass beads d. Horses e. Agricultural products REF: p. 43256. The powerful West African kingdom of Benin limited its contacts with the Portuguese by a. refusing to accept Catholicism. b. declining offers to receive missionaries. c. closing the market in male slaves. d. all of these. e. none of these. REF: p. 432-43357. The most profitable and strongest colonization by Europe was in a. Africa. b. China. c. India. d. the Americas. e. Newfoundland. REF: p. 44158. The first Portuguese who landed in India were greeted with a. open arms. b. panic and fear. c. awe. d. derisive laughter. e. religious enthusiasm. REF: p. 43459. The Portuguese gained control of the eastern Indian Ocean through a. conquest. b. diplomatic negotiation. c. trade alliances. d. B and C only. e. A, B, and C. REF: p. 43560. The Portuguese base in China was at a. Beijing. b. Yuan. c. Macao. d. Cambaluc. e. Dien Bien Phu. REF: p. 43661. The result of Portuguese domination of Indian Ocean trade routes was a. considerable Portuguese profit. b. that they charged a lower price for pepper than Venice or Genoa. c. that more spices and luxury goods were shipped to Europe. d. little impact on the African and Asian mainlands. e. all of these. REF: p. 43762. The difference between the Spanish Empire and the Portuguese Empire was that a. the motives of the Spanish were purely religious. b. the Spanish Empire was a territorial empire, while the Portuguese Empire was a trading empire. c. the motives of the Portuguese Empire were purely economic. d. the Spanish Empire was a trading empire, while the Portuguese Empire was a territorial empire. e. the Spanish Empire was only an "intellectual" empire. REF: p. 43763. The first Amerindians to contact the Spanish were the a. Aztecs. b. Arawaks. c. Maya. d. Incas. e. Cassava. REF: p. 43864. Conquistador means a. conqueror. b. lawgiver. c. bringer of Christ. d. convict. e. communist. REF: p. 43865. Cortés had which advantages in conquering the Aztecs? a. An alliance with the Tlaxacans b. Firearms and horses c. The Aztecs had only recently established their empire at the expense of other tribes. d. Smallpox e. All of these REF: p. 43866. Francisco Pizarro defeated the Inca Empire with a. 180 men. b. 1,800 men. c. 18,000 men. d. 180,000 men. e. The Inca Empire defeated Pizarro. REF: p. 43967. Death rates among Amerindian peoples during the epidemics of the early colonial period were a. very high. b. average. c. very low. d. no higher than at other times. e. nonexistent; death rates ceased during this period. REF: p. 47868. Why did the peoples of the New World lack immunity to the diseases of the Europeans? a. they had a different DNA structure than Europeans. b. their long isolation from other continents. c. Significant differences in dietary structure. d. Disease did not exist in the Americas. e. None of these. REF: p. 47869. What was the most deadly of the epidemics in the Americas? a. Smallpox b. Syphilis c. Influenza d. Measles e. Cholera REF: p. 47870. From where did the worst strain of malaria originate? a. Caribbean sugar plantations. b. European colonizers. c. the swamplands of Florida d. The African slave trade. e. New England joint stock colonies. REF: p. 47871. Which of the following were New World foods that revolutionized Old World agriculture? a. Maize, potatoes, and manioc b. Maize, rice, and bran c. Manioc, wheat, and amaranth d. Spelt, manioc, and wheat e. Spelt, taro, and chinampas REF: p. 47972. One of the major reasons for the growth of the world population after 1700 was a. recovery from the plague b. large-scale development of the plantation economy in the new world and the growth of staple crops. c. the spread of more high-calorie per acre staple crops from the New World. d. the transition to a mercantile, cash-based economy. e. exposure of the different populations to each other strengthened the global immune system. REF: p. 47973. What effect did European horses have on the Americas? a. Increased military capacity and hunting efficiency b. Decreased military capacity and hunting efficiency c. No impact because religious prohibitions prevented its use d. No appreciable impact because they already had the horse e. The decline in the alpaca population REF: p. 48074. By the end of the sixteenth century, what country occupied most of the Brazilian coast? a. Spain b. England c. Portugal d. France e. Austria REF: p. 48175. Which export product dominated the Brazilian economy by the seventeenth century? a. gold. b. silver. c. maize. d. slaves. e. sugar. REF: p. 48176. The Council of the Indies was created in Spain in 1524 to a. support Spanish settlers. b. put royal power in place over the population. c. prevent competition from other European nations. d. create a need to raise armies against Amerindians. e. provide relief efforts to exploited Amerindians. REF: p. 48877. The highest-ranking Spanish officials in the colonies were: a. viceroys b. priests. c. conquistadors d. indigenous royalty e. creoles. REF: p. 48178. The Viceroyalty of New Spain in 1535 encompassed a. Mexico, California, and Oregon. b. Alaska, Siberia, and Central America. c. Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean islands. d. Brazil, Paraguay, and Roanoke. e. Florida, St. Lucia, and Dominica. REF: p. 48179. The most important agent for transmitting European beliefs, language, and culture in Spanish America and Brazil was the a. Council of the Indies. b. Spanish and Portuguese armies. c. Catholic Church. d. plantation system. e. Lantern Council. REF: p. 48380. By what means did the Spanish pay for their colonies? a. engaging in slave trade of indigenous Americans. b. development of plantation economies in the sugar trade. c. establishing a monopoly on the Columbian exchange. d. long-distance trade with Asia. e. enormous wealth was produced by the silver and gold mines. REF: p. 48281. How were the European languages and cultures primarily transmitted to indigenous populations? a. enslavement and the use of the requiremento. b. creating bicultural societies through interaction and assimilation. c. conversion efforts by the Catholic church. d. development of local schools and educational efforts by Spanish settlers. e. there was strict separation of cultural and linguistic identities as a deliberate process of isolation. REF: p. 48382. The most influential defender of Amerindians in the early colonial period was a. Bishop Diego de Landa. b. Bartolomé de las Casas. c. Juan de Zumárraga. d. Diego Mendez. e. Aldo Suarez. REF: p. 48483. Which of the following became the richest institution of the Spanish colonies? a. The Catholic Church b. The Viceroyalty of Brazil c. The farmers d. The unions e. The Viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata REF: p. 48484. The economic development of the colonies in Mexico and Peru was dominated by a. diamond mining and wheat plantations. b. copper mining and cattle ranching. c. silver mining and sugar plantations. d. gold mining and cotton plantations. e. rice plantations and bronze mining. REF: p. 48485. An encomienda was a. a form of forced labor and tribute. b. a plantation for mining precious metals. c. a plantation for growing sugar. d. an agreement with Amerindians. e. a disease of the lower intestine. REF: p. 48686. The forced labor system in which Amerindian men in Peru worked two to four months of the year in the mines was a. the milla. b. the puri. c. the colo system. d. the rota. e. the mita. REF: p. 48687. In Brazil, the economic importance of Amerindian slaves was eventually superseded by a. Asian slaves. b. European peasants. c. African slaves. d. better technology. e. animal power. REF: p. 48688. A significant effect of the flood of silver from the Americas into the European economy were: a. a dramatic restructuring of the social hierarchy and new wealth bought titles of the nobility. b. a distinct tension between Old World and New World aristocrats c. the promotion of commercial expansion and financing of industrialization. d. investing in new university programs in the New World. e. Reinvestment in local European farming techniques. REF: p. 48789. Spain's lesser nobles were called a. creoles. b. castas. c. hidalgos. d. palenques. e. baronettes. REF: p. 48790. American-born Spanish whites were called a. mestizos. b. mulattos. c. muchachos. d. creoles. e. chinampas. REF: p. 48791. Which of the following is not one way that slaves expressed their resistance to the colonial masters in Latin America? a. Signing petitions b. Malingering c. Rebelling d. Running away e. Sabotaging REF: p. 49192. Slaves could be manumitted by a. marrying and fathering a child. b. killing an opponent in the annual games at the stadium. c. purchasing their freedom. d. pledging homage to the feudal lord. e. order of the Catholic Church. REF: p. 49193. The castas of Latin America included mixed-race peoples such as a. creoles and cajuns. b. aryans and assyrians. c. serbs and slavs. d. mestizos and mulattos. e. palenques and puccis. REF: p. 49194. Why did Brazil develop more slowly than other areas of Latin America? a. Difficulty to excavate the terrain. b. Significant indigenous population resistance to European assimilation. c. The Portuguese were interested in business empires, not conversion of natives. d. The local population was smaller and less urbanized, requiring a different labor structure. e. Brazil had no significant mineral wealth for exploitation. REF: p. 49195. How did the English and French American colonies differ from the Spanish and Portuguese American colonies? a. The Spanish and Portuguese forced their languages on the population. b. The English and French used direct government control to develop colonies. c. The Spanish and Portuguese ruled with "benign neglect." d. The English and French developed colonies through the efforts of private companies. e. They did not differ at all in their policies. REF: p. 49296. One of the significant factors delaying English and French settlement of the Americas was a. lack of participation in the sugar trade. b. their ongoing industrial revolution. c. involvement in the wars of religion during the Reformation. d. lack of access to the ocean. e. inferior shipbuilding capabilities. REF: p. 49297. Within fifteen years of its settlement, the colony at Jamestown lost ____ percent of its population: a. 80 b. 60 c. 40 d. 20 e. 10 REF: p. 49298. Which new form of compulsory labor was first introduced by the English in North America? a. Black slave labor b. Amerindian slave labor c. Indentured servants d. The mita and encomienda e. The chinampa system REF: p. 49299. In Virginia, colonial government consisted of a governor, his council, and representatives known as the a. House of Payne. b. House of Burgesses. c. House of Lords. d. House of Elders. e. Assembly of Freemen. REF: p. 493100. Which of the following is not one way that the Amerindian population reacted to the colonial economy? a. They provided furs and deerskins to European traders. b. Amerindian hunting and gathering and agricultural practices were disrupted. c. They became dependent on European goods. d. The natural balance of plants and animals was disrupted. e. They eventually grew wealthy from this contact. REF: p. 493101. The hybrid culture of Africa and American was most "standardized" by which language? a. Bantu b. Swahili c. Gullah d. Sotho-Tswana e. Yoruba. REF: p. 493102. Plantation economies grew all of the following labor intensive crops except a. tobacco. b. cotton. c. rice. d. sugar. e. squash. REF: p. 493103. The slave revolt that took place in 1739 in South Carolina was called a. the Creole Rebellion. b. Gabriel's Rebellion. c. Nat Turner's Rebellion. d. the Taiping Rebellion. e. the Stono Rebellion. REF: p. 493104. The two groups of Protestant dissenters that colonized New England were a. Quakers and Shakers. b. Puritans and Pilgrims. c. Shakers and Mormons. d. Questers and Seekers. e. Congregationalists and Presbyterians. REF: p. 494105. Why did Massachusetts have a lower mortality rate than southern and Caribbean colonies? a. Massachusetts was more homogenous and less hierarchal. b. Massachusetts had more families and greater stability of population. c. Massachusetts had a nicer climate. d. Massachusetts relied on indentured servitude rather than slavery. e. Massachusetts was based on religion instead of commerce. REF: p. 494106. Which of the following is true of the Puritans? a. They wished to break from the Church of England. b. They wanted to establish a hierarchy of bishops and priests. c. Their efforts to reform the Church of England were welcomed. d. They welcomed Catholic as well as Jewish members. e. They were one of two groups of Protestant dissenters who colonized New England. REF: p. 494107. One difference between northern and southern English colonies was that a. northern colonies were more religious. b. southern economies were entirely based on plantations. c. northern economies were more commercially diverse. d. southern economies engaged in global trade. e. northern economies were free of Spanish influence. REF: p. 496108.The first colony to have sole right to form a government as given by Britain was: a. Massachusetts b. New York c. Virginia d. Pennsylvania e. Maryland REF: p. 496109. The French settlements in America resembled Spanish and Portuguese colonies in that they wanted to a. draft Amerindians for military service. b. extract resources and convert the population to Christianity. c. free the Amerindians from oppression by the Aztec kings. d. protect the environment while preserving Amerindian culture. e. do none of these; the French actually resembled the English more than they did the Spanish or Portuguese. REF: p. 496110. The leaders of French expansion, the coureurs de bois, were a. Jesuits converting natives. b. Indian fur traders. c. Frenchmen living among the natives. d. Englishmen who fought with the French. e. an elite French commando unit. REF: p. 496111. The Amerindian enemies of the French were the a. Algonquin. b. Iroquois. c. Huron. d. Cheyenne. e. Leni Lenape. REF: p. 496112. In French Canada, Jesuit efforts to convert the native people to Christianity led to the a. founding of schools, hospitals, and churches. b. Battle of Montreal. c. Great Schism. d. Amerindians being pushed to Puritanism. e. Stono Rebellion. REF: p. 497113. The French and Indian War resulted in the a. French losing Canada to the English. b. French losing Louisiana to Spain. c. Spanish losing Texas to France. d. Spanish losing Florida to the French. e. Both A and B REF: p. 498114.Tupac Amaru II was a. an Aztec god. b. a Brazilian rebel. c. a Peruvian Amerindian leader. d. a Mexican myth. e. an early Amerindian convert to Islam. REF: p. 499115. The English Navigation Acts sought to a. limit colonial trading and production competition. b. limit the colonial manufacture of ships. c. ban importation of the printing press to America. d. prevent the importation of slaves on slave ships. e. rechart the waters off the coast of North America. REF: p. 501116. Although tobacco was a New World plant long used by Amerindians, a. Europeans attempted to outlaw its use in America. b. it was Europeans who began growing the crop on large plantations. c. European diseases made the plant extinct. d. it never became popular in Europe because of its unhealthy effects. e. it was originally from Turkey. REF: p. 506117. Chartered companies were a. private investors with trade monopolies in colonies. b. maritime manufacturers of maps and charts. c. companies of missionaries and religious societies. d. groups of Amerindian investors who pooled money and resources. e. illegal in most European countries. REF: p. 506118. Which of the following does not describe the Dutch West India Company? a. It was never very profitable. b. It seized sugar-producing areas in Brazil. c. It shipped slaves to Brazil. d. It paid stockholders huge dividends. e. It was a private trading company. REF: p. 506119. The expansion of sugar plantations in the West Indies required a. a sharp increase in the African slave trade. b. an increase in arable land. c. new fertilizers and seeds. d. the creation of new markets among the Amerindians. e. government consultants to oversee farming. REF: p. 506-507120. Which area best illustrates the dramatic transformation that sugar brought to the 17th century Caribbean? a. Martinique b. The Bahamas c. Cuba d. Jamaica e. Barbados REF: p. 507121. In the seventeenth-century Caribbean, indentured servants cost ____ as slaves. a. twice as much b. three times as much c. half as much d. approximately the same e. four times as much REF: p. 507122. The cultivation and production of sugar can best be described as a. requiring farm methods only. b. requiring farm as well as factory production methods. c. requiring factory methods only. d. requiring little labor and high amounts of technology. e. simple and inexpensive. ANS: B REF: p. 509123. How did France and England expand their Caribbean holdings? a. making alliances with the indigenous tribes of the West Indies. b. By using the Atlantic Coast of North America as a base and launching coordinated stealth attacks. c. By attacking older Spanish colonies. d. By defeating the Portuguese. e. Bankrupting the Dutch West Indies Company and taking over their properties. REF: p. 508124. The French plantation economies were considered "more diverse" because they also produced a. coffee and cacao b. bananas and plantains c. molasses and rum. d. wine and cheese. e. jute and twine. REF: p. 509125. Sugar plantations caused environmental damage through a. the disposal of used canes. b. soil exhaustion and deforestation. c. supplying power for the mills. d. overfertilizing the fields. e. silting up of bays and estuaries. REF: p. 510126. Where would slave children most likely be found working? a. In the cane processing factories. b. tending to livestock. c. in "grass gangs" doing simple, lighter work. d. With their parents. e. Children were exempt from labor. REF: p. 510127. On most islands, the percentage of slaves in the population was a. 35 percent. b. 55 percent. c. 75 percent. d. 90 percent. e. 20 percent. REF: p. 510128. In the eighteenth century, West Indian plantations were controlled by a plantocracy, a. a group of people concerned about the environment. b. a small number of rich men who owned the land and slaves. c. a group of botanists who encouraged the growth of new and exotic plants. d. a religious sect of Protestantism. e. none of these REF: p. 510129. Men outnumbered women on Caribbean plantations because a. twice as many men were imported. b. men lived much longer than women. c. women were not as strong as men. d. women were more susceptible to disease than men. e. women refused to consent to plantation work. REF: p. 510130. "Drivers" were typically a. white indentured servants. b. white overseers. c. free black overseers. d. male slaves. e. ship captains. REF: p. 510131. Plantation slaves were motivated to work hard a. to earn extra wages. b. because they were promised freedom. c. to escape punishment. d. because they were rewarded with extra food. e. because they were promised a share of the profits. REF: p. 511132. Manumission permitted slaves to a. sell their surplus produce or goods from their own work. b. have time off during certain religious holidays. c. purchase or receive their freedom from slavery. d. marry and not have families separated. e. switch job practices on the plantation. REF: p. 514133. Life expectancy for nineteenth-century Brazilian male slaves was a. 10 years. b. 23 years. c. 39 years. d. 50 years. e. 65 years. REF: p. 512134. Most slaves died of a. poor nutrition. b. disease. c. overwork. d. abuse. e. accident. REF: p. 512135. Which was NOT a method used to curtail African cultural traditions by European planters? a. Learning colonial languages. b. Converting to Christianity c. Mixing slaves from different parts of Africa. d. Mandatory primary education. e. All of these. REF: p. 513136. Among the planter elite in Saint Domingue, where would free blacks rank in the social hierarchy? a. First. b. Second, after the grands blancs c. Third, after the petits blancs d. Fourth, after free whites e. Last; blacks were not accorded free status in Saint Domingue REF: p. 513137. Which maroon community first signed treaties recognizing their independent status as runaway slaves? a. Jamaican. b. Guianese c. Haitian d. Dominican e. Belize. REF: p. 515

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