2013 AEAS Active Electronic Assault System Project Documentation Group 16 Karena Stout, Ryan Sivek, Alex Balogh i University of Central Florida 4/14/2013 Abstract Active Electronic Assault System (AEAS) is the senior design project for Group 16 overseen by the College of Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Central Florida. The project aims to provide an accurate firefight simulation tool that could potentially lead to the replacement of currently used out-of-date laser based systems. AEAS will use various sensors and communications subsystems to determine location and orientation of users and weapons in the field. This data will be communicated to a main server that calculates bullet trajectories and sends accurate hit notifications. System component selection and designs are presented and test procedures outlined. Project milestones and budget are discussed, and expected uses of the results of this effort are considered. i ii Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary ......................................................................................................... 1 2. Background ...................................................................................................................... 4 2.1. Vision .......................................................................................................................... 5 2.2. Specifications .............................................................................................................. 6 3. System Concept ................................................................................................................ 7 4. Positioning System ......................................................................................................... 10 4.1. Description ................................................................................................................ 10 4.2. Design Approach ....................................................................................................... 11 4.2.1. Trilateration............................................................................................ 11 4.2.2. Ultrasonic Beacons ................................................................................ 14 4.2.3. Ultrasonic Receivers .............................................................................. 16 4.3. Prototyping ................................................................................................................ 18 4.3.1. PCB Fabrication ..................................................................................... 18 4.4. Testing ....................................................................................................................... 19 4.4.1. Accuracy ................................................................................................ 19 4.4.2. Range ..................................................................................................... 20 4.5. RTK GPS Alternative Solution ................................................................................. 21 5. Communications ............................................................................................................ 23 5.1. Description ................................................................................................................ 23 5.2. Type of Wireless Communication............................................................................. 23 5.3. Type of Zigbee Device .............................................................................................. 25 5.4. Design Approach ....................................................................................................... 28 5.4.1. Configuration and Use ........................................................................... 28 5.4.2. Hardware Implementation ..................................................................... 33 5.5. Prototyping ................................................................................................................ 35 5.6. Testing ....................................................................................................................... 37 6. User Identification ......................................................................................................... 38 6.1. Description ................................................................................................................ 38 6.2. Types of User Identification ...................................................................................... 38 6.3. Type of RFID system ................................................................................................ 39 6.4. Design........................................................................................................................ 39 iii 6.4.1. RFID Module ......................................................................................... 39 6.4.2. ID Card................................................................................................... 41 6.5. Testing ....................................................................................................................... 42 6.5.1. Range ..................................................................................................... 42 6.5.2. Interference ............................................................................................ 43 7. Weapon Attachment ...................................................................................................... 44 7.1. Description ................................................................................................................ 44 7.2. Design Approach ....................................................................................................... 45 7.2.1. Microcontroller ...................................................................................... 45 7.2.2. Orientation Subsystem ........................................................................... 46 7.2.3. Fire Signal Detection ............................................................................. 51 7.2.4. Data Processing ...................................................................................... 52 7.2.5. Power ..................................................................................................... 53 7.2.6. Circuit Design ........................................................................................ 54 7.3. Prototyping ................................................................................................................ 54 7.3.1. Development Kits .................................................................................. 55 7.4. Testing ....................................................................................................................... 57 7.4.1. Orientation Accuracy ............................................................................. 57 7.4.2. Trigger Sensitivity ................................................................................. 60 8. Body Attachment ........................................................................................................... 61 8.1. Description ................................................................................................................ 61 8.2. Design Approach ....................................................................................................... 61 8.2.1. Body Attachment Microcontroller ......................................................... 61 8.2.2. Vibration Motor Control ........................................................................ 65 8.2.3. Vibration Motor Circuit ......................................................................... 67 8.2.4. User Identification Circuit ..................................................................... 68 8.2.5. Data Processing ...................................................................................... 69 8.2.6. I/O Interface ........................................................................................... 70 8.3. Prototyping ................................................................................................................ 70 8.3.1. PCB Fabrication ..................................................................................... 71 8.4. Testing ....................................................................................................................... 72 8.4.1. Vibration Motor Response ..................................................................... 72 8.4.2. Communications Performance ............................................................... 73 9. Server .............................................................................................................................. 74 9.1. Description ................................................................................................................ 74 iv 9.2. Server Hardware ........................................................................................................ 75 9.3. Server Operating System ........................................................................................... 80 9.4. AEAS Software ......................................................................................................... 82 9.4.1. Data Structures ....................................................................................... 82 9.4.2. Algorithms ............................................................................................