Flourished from 2600 to 1900 B.C.E, Believed That Civilization Suffered System S Failure(Ended)

Flourished from 2600 to 1900 B.C.E, Believed That Civilization Suffered System S Failure(Ended)

<p> Expansion of Indian Civilization Indus Valley Urban Centers: Flourished from 2600 to 1900 B.C.E, believed that civilization suffered system’s • failure(ended) Culture is best known for two great cities: Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro (modern • names) Consistent width of of streets and length of city blocks and the uniformity of mud bricks • suggest strong central authority. Seat of authority may have been a citadel: an elevated, enclosed compound containing • large buildings Different centers may have had different functions- some cities served as a a gateway • for procuring the precious stones of the northwest,while coastal towns engaged in seaborne trade Technology: Metal used for utilitarian tools and other everyday objects • showed skill in irrigation, used potter’s wheel, laid foundation of buildings with mud • bricks Had a system of writing with more than four hundred signs • Trade and Culture Had ready access to metals, and precious stones of eastern Iran and Afghanistan, • Ore deposits in western, building stones, and timber- from west India • Foundation Of Indian Civilization Vedic Age: From 1500 to 500 B.C.E- Vedic Age. After the Vedas and laid foundation of Indian Civi- • lization Iron used to cut trees. Cleared land with plows pulled by oxen • Aryas- lighter skinned, Indo-European languages, in northern India. Dasas- dark,Dravidi- • an languages, in southern India Caste and culture: Varna- color class- Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya, Shudra • Broad class divisions, the population was further divided in jati • Vedic Religion: Dominant deities were male and associated with the heavens • Sacrifice-often living creature- was essential ritual • Jainism and Buddhism Mahavira(Jina) established Jainism- Emphasized holiness life force animating living • creatures When Buddha died he left no final instructions. Some followed Mahayana Buddhism- • embraced new features- while others did Theravada Buddhism- original teachings of founder Hinduism- foundation is the Vedic religion of Arya peoples of northern India • Gupta and Mauryan Empires: Mauryan- founded by Chandragupta, later ruled by his grandson, Ashoka(324-184 • B.C.E) During Mauryan fragmentation- Two great epics- Mahabharata( story told in Bha- • gavad-Gita) and Ramayana Gupta Empire-Controlled most of Indian subcontinent through military force and • culture(320-550 C.E) The Mughal Empire(1526-1761) Founded by Babur- Descendent of Timur and Genghis Khan. • Akbar,Babur’s grandson,and three other successors brought almost entire India under • Mughal control Created Divine Faith-incorporated Muslim, Hindu, Zoroastrian, Sikh, and Christian be- • liefs Akbar strived for social harmony and reconciliation between Muslims and Hindus • Fall- regional powers rose up, official(nawab) created independent states, bad land-grant • system, new territory was not well integrated, French involvement in India</p>

View Full Text

Details

  • File Type
    pdf
  • Upload Time
    -
  • Content Languages
    English
  • Upload User
    Anonymous/Not logged-in
  • File Pages
    2 Page
  • File Size
    -

Download

Channel Download Status
Express Download Enable

Copyright

We respect the copyrights and intellectual property rights of all users. All uploaded documents are either original works of the uploader or authorized works of the rightful owners.

  • Not to be reproduced or distributed without explicit permission.
  • Not used for commercial purposes outside of approved use cases.
  • Not used to infringe on the rights of the original creators.
  • If you believe any content infringes your copyright, please contact us immediately.

Support

For help with questions, suggestions, or problems, please contact us