<p>“Reconstructing the Nation 1863-1877” Outline</p><p>I. Rehearsal for National Reconstruction (The Problems of Peacemaking) 1863-1865 a. What did Southern whites want following the Civil War? (2)</p><p> b. What were the different groups within white Southern society? (2)</p><p> i. What were the different groups within Northern white society? (2)</p><p> c. What did Southern blacks want? (2-3)</p><p> d. What was the Freedman’s Bureau set up to do in 1864? (3)</p><p> i. Why is this significant? (3)</p><p> e. What problems did Reconstruction create for the Republican Party? (3)</p><p> i. How had the Republican Party split during the Civil War? (3)</p><p> f. What side did Lincoln take with regard to the factional dispute within the Republican Party? (3)</p><p> i. Why did he take this position? (3-4)</p><p> g. When was the Emancipation Proclamation issued? (4)</p><p> i. Why was it issued then? (4)</p><p> h. What was Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan? (4) i. Why was it so lenient toward the South? (4)</p><p> i. How did Radical Republicans respond to Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan? (5)</p><p> j. What was the Wade Davis Bill? (5)</p><p> i. How was it similar to Lincoln’s proposal? (5)</p><p> k. How did Lincoln respond to the Wade Davis Bill? (5)</p><p> i. Why did he respond this way? (5)</p><p> l. How and when was Lincoln assassinated? (5-6)</p><p> m. What impact did the assassination of Lincoln have on Northerners in general? (6)</p><p> i. How did Radical Republicans exploit the circumstances of his death? (6)</p><p> ii. Why did Lincoln’s death eliminate all hopes of compromise over Reconstruction? (6)</p><p>II. Andrew Johnson’s Presidential Reconstruction 1865-1867 a. Who was Andrew Johnson? </p><p> i. Why did Lincoln make him vice-president?</p><p> ii. What was his attitude toward the South?</p><p> b. What was Andrew Johnson’s Reconstruction plan called? (7) i. Under what conditions could southern states return to the Union in Johnson’s plan? (7)</p><p> c. Why did most Northerners reject Johnson’s Presidential Reconstruction Plan? (8)</p><p> i. How did Johnson’s Restoration policy affect the Republican Party? (8)</p><p> d. What were the Black Codes? (8)</p><p> i. How did Republicans feel about them? (8)</p><p> e. What did Congress do about the Black Codes? (8-9)</p><p> i. What did Johnson do about these acts? (9)</p><p>1. What did Congress do about Johnson’s veto? (9)</p><p> f. What was the 14th amendment? (9)</p><p> i. What did it guarantee? (9)</p><p> ii. What did it forbid? (9)</p><p> g. Who won the 1866 mid-term Congressional elections? (10)</p><p> i. How did they interpret this victory? (10) III. “Radical” Congressional Reconstruction 1867-1874 a. What was the 1867 Congressional Reconstruction Plan? (10)</p><p> i. Why did the South resist Radical Reconstruction? (11)</p><p>1. How did white Southerners resist African American gains during this period?</p><p> a. What did Congress do about this in 1870 and 1871?</p><p>THEY BANNED THE KKK BY PASSING THE FORCE ACTS OF 1870 AND 1871 TO AUTHORIZE THE USE OF FEDERAL TROOPS TO BREAK IT UP.</p><p> b. What was the 15th amendment? (11)</p><p> i. Why was it proposed? (11)</p><p> c. What did the Republicans do to keep President Johnson from interfering with their agenda? (11-12)</p><p> d. How did the Radical Republicans try to impeach President Johnson? (12)</p><p> i. What was their real reason for doing this? (12)</p><p>1. Why did this fail? (12)</p><p>IV. The South in Reconstruction 1867-1874 a. How did the majority of white southerners feel about the new governments that were set up across the South? (12)</p><p> i. What kept the new southern governments together? (12)</p><p>1. What kind of white people ran the new southern governments? (12)</p><p>2. What did African Americans accomplish politically during Reconstruction? (13) ii. What was the main Southern Democratic criticism of the new southern governments? (13)</p><p>1. Was this true? (13)</p><p> iii. What was the greatest accomplishment of the new southern governments under Radical Reconstruction? (13)</p><p> b. What was the most ambitious goal of the Freedmen’s Bureau? (13)</p><p> i. Who had initially ordered this?</p><p> ii. Did it succeed? (13)</p><p> c. What kind of work did most freedmen end up doing? (13)</p><p> i. How did this system work? (13)</p><p>1. What did this system end up becoming?</p><p>V. The North in Reconstruction 1867-1874 a. Who won the presidential election of 1868? (14)</p><p> i. What was surprising about his victory? (14)</p><p> b. Who did Grant turn to ensure his victory? (14)</p><p> i. What did these people expect from him? (15)</p><p> c. What famous political cartoonist criticized the political bosses who had supported Grant? (15) d. Why did some Republicans oppose Grant? (15)</p><p> i. How did they believe the government should award federal jobs? (15)</p><p> ii. What did they do in the election of 1872? (15)</p><p> e. Who ran in the election of 1872? (15)</p><p> i. Who won the election? (16) f. What problems did Grant have to deal with in his second term? (16)</p><p> i. What were the main scandals Grant had to face? (16)</p><p>1. Why were these scandals significant? (16)</p><p> ii. What was the main financial crisis Grant had to deal with in his second term? (16)</p><p>1. How was this crisis different from previous ones? (16-17)</p><p> a. Why did it affect more people than previous panics? (17)</p><p>2. What did workers, farmers, and debtors want the government to do to help them? (17)</p><p> a. What did Congress initially do about this? (18)</p><p> i. What did Grant do about Congress’ actions? (18)</p><p>1. Why did he do this? (18) b. What was the Coinage Act of 1873? (18)</p><p> i. What did debtors call it? (18)</p><p>3. What was the Greenback Party? (18)</p><p> a. Who organized it? (18)</p><p>4. What was the Specie Resumption Act? (19)</p><p> a. Why was this act a victory for creditors? (19)</p><p>5. What happened to the National Greenback forces by the 1880s? (19)</p><p> iii. What did Secretary of State William Seward accomplish under Andrew Johnson? (20)</p><p>1. How did critics see this purchase? (20)</p><p> iv. Who was Hamilton Fish? (20)</p><p>1. What did he accomplish under Grant? (20)</p><p>VI. National Reconstruction -- Both Presidential and Congressional – Begins to Wane 1870-1876 a. Why did Northern support for Southern Reconstruction begin to wane in 1870? (20-21)</p><p> b. Why did Grant support Radical Reconstruction? (21)</p><p> i. What was the ultimate consequence of this? (21)</p><p> c. What did white southerners mean when they talked about “redemption” during this time? (21) i. How did white southerners attain “redemption”? (21)</p><p> d. Why did white Republicans allow white southerners to dismantle Reconstruction? (21-22)</p><p> i. What was the problem with this logic? (22)</p><p>VII. Redemption and After, 1876-1877 a. What was the nation celebrating in the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition of 1876? (23)</p><p> i. Why was this ironic in the South? (23)</p><p> ii. Why was this ironic in the West? (23)</p><p> iii. Why was this ironic for the nation as a whole? (23)</p><p> b. Who were the candidates in the election of 1876? (23)</p><p> i. Who won the popular vote? (23)</p><p>1. Why was this election contested? (23)</p><p>2. How did Congress try to settle the issue? (23)</p><p> a. Why did their solution enrage Democrats? (23)</p><p> ii. Why did Democrats ultimately accept a Republican as president? (24)</p><p>1. What was this solution known as?</p><p> c. Why is Reconstruction seen as a tragic period? (24)</p><p> d. What three trends prevented Reconstruction from succeeding? (24)</p><p> e. What did African Americans gain out of Reconstruction? (25)</p>