<p> Chapter 5</p><p>Climate and Terrestrial Biodiversity</p><p>Core Case Study: Blowing in the Wind 1. Wind is to the planet earth as ______is to the human body. 2. Name 2 benefits of wind.</p><p>3. Name 2 harmful effects of wind.</p><p>4. The familiar lesson: “there is no ______because everything is ______.</p><p>5-1 CLIMATE: A BRIEF INTRODUCTION 5. Using page S38, compare differences in weather associated with a warm front and a cold front.</p><p>6. Using page S38, explain how an upwelling benefits an aquatic ecosystem.</p><p>7. Name earth’s 8 major climate zones.</p><p>8. Name the 4 major factors that determine global air circulation. 9. Describe the 3 giant convection cells that are in the northern hemisphere.</p><p>10. How do oceans distribute heat?</p><p>11. Name 4 greenhouse gases. Indicate which of the 4 is in the largest concentration in our atmosphere.</p><p>12. Heat is absorbed and released more ______by water than by land, resulting in ______and ______breezes.</p><p>13. How do winds play a key role in forming some of the earth’s deserts?</p><p>14. How does a city create a microclimate?</p><p>5-2 BIOMES: CLIMATE AND LIFE ON LAND 15. Name the 10 major biomes of the earth. 16. 5,000 years ago much of the Sahara desert was…</p><p>17. 15,000 years ago much of the western United States was…</p><p>18. If climate change is a natural event, why should we be concerned with climate changes today?</p><p>19. Biomes are not ______, instead they consist of a ______of patches. 20. What role does elevation play in the climate of a location?</p><p>5-3 DESERT BIOMES 21. Deserts cover _____ % of the earth’s land surface, and are found mostly in ______and ______regions. 22. Name the 3 types of deserts.</p><p>23. Name the 2 themes for survival in a desert biome. 24. Name the 3 adaptations of a succulent plant.</p><p>25. Most desert animals are ______in anatomy and exhibit ______behavior when foraging and hunting. 26. Why are desert ecosystems so fragile?</p><p>5-4 GRASSLANDS AND CHAPARRAL BIOMES 27. Name the combination of factors that allow grassland to persist.</p><p>28. Which biome is the birthplace of humankind?</p><p>29. What adaptations do animals have that live in savannas?</p><p>30. How have large herbivores evolved specialized niches on the savanna? 31. Where is the most rapidly growing human population?</p><p>32. Which animals are better at converting grass into meat compared to cattle?</p><p>33. Why do temperate grasslands have such fertile soil?</p><p>34. Name the 2 types of prairies.</p><p>35. Why don’t trees or tall plants survive in the arctic tundra?</p><p>36. Why are mosquitoes and black flies found in great numbers in the arctic tundra?</p><p>37. What harmful affect does global warming have on tundra? 38. Why is the tundra biome fragile?</p><p>39. Where is chaparral found?</p><p>40. Why is chaparral susceptible to devastating wildfires?</p><p>41. Chaparral: nice ______, but a ______place to live.</p><p>5-5 FOREST BIOMES 42. Name the 3 types of forests.</p><p>43. Why don’t tropical rainforests have a single dominant tree species?</p><p>44. What is the buttress of a tree?</p><p>45. Describe the ground level vegetation in a rainforest. 46. Give an example of stratification in the tropical rainforest.</p><p>47. Tropical rainforests cover only _____ % of the earth’s land surface, but may contain ______of the earth’s terrestrial species.</p><p>48. Why are the soils of tropical forests poor in nutrients?</p><p>49. Why are rainforests being cleared then for farmland?</p><p>50. How does the ground beneath a temperate deciduous forest compare with the ground beneath a tropical rainforest?</p><p>51. Why is decomposition of leaf litter slow in a taiga biome?</p><p>5-6 MOUNTAIN BIOMES 52. How can mountains be compared to islands? 53. Why does a mountain serve as a sanctuary?</p><p>54. What geological cycles do mountains play a part in?</p><p>5-7 HUMAN IMPACTS ON TERRESTRIAL BIOMES 55. Ecologists estimate that we use, waste, or destroy about ______% of the net productivity of the earth’s terrestrial ecosystems.</p><p>CRITICAL THINKING</p><p>56. List a limiting factor for each of the following ecosystems: a. Desert</p><p> b. Arctic tundra</p><p> c. Alpine tundra</p><p> d. The floor of a tropical rain forest</p><p> e. Temperate deciduous forest.</p><p>57. Some biologists have suggested restoring large herds of bison on the North American plans to restore large tracts of tall-grass prairie. Cattle and sheep ranchers oppose the idea, explain your side of the issue. 58. Why do most animals in a tropical rain forest live in the trees?</p><p>59. Why do most species living at high latitudes and high altitudes tend to be ecological generalists while those living in the tropics tend to be ecological specialists?</p><p>60. What biomes are best suited for growing crops? For grazing livestock?</p>