<p> Science, Democracy, and Fracking A Guide for Community Residents and Policy Makers Facing Decisions over Hydraulic Fracturing</p><p>Information Resources Appendix</p><p>General information regarding hydraulic fracturing</p><p>Introduction to Hydraulic Fracturing (U.S. Geological Survey) http://www.usgs.gov/hydraulic_fracturing/ Summary of hydraulic fracturing, with links to USGS studies and energy assessments related to fracking.</p><p>“Breaking Fuel from the Rock” (National Geographic) http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2010/10/101022-breaking-fuel-from-the-rock/ Provides an interactive and easy-to-follow animation of each of the steps in the horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing process, with detailed information about each step and the process as a whole.</p><p>Natural Gas Maps: Exploration, Resources, Reserves, and Production (Energy Information Administration) http://www.eia.gov/pub/oil_gas/natural_gas/analysis_publications/maps/maps.htm Maps of shale plays, tight gas plays, and coal-bed methane fields, all of which are accessed through hydraulic fracturing, as well as detailed maps of known oil and gas fields. </p><p>Hydraulic Fracturing and Water Resources: Separating the Frack from the Fiction (Pacific Institute) http://www.pacinst.org/publication/hydraulic-fracturing-and-water-resources-separating-the-frack- from-the-fiction/ Detailed assessment and synthesis of existing research on fracking as well as the results of interviews with representatives from government, industry, academia, and community groups highlighting current concerns.</p><p>Rules and regulations</p><p>Fractracker http://fractracker.org/ Maps of well sites and community regulations, as well as downloadable data for individual drilling sites.</p><p>FracFocus http://fracfocus.org/ Data about well locations, state regulations, and chemical usage related to hydraulic fracturing. The data are self-reported by industry, and may vary in accuracy. </p><p>Natural Gas Extraction—Hydraulic Fracturing (Environmental Protection Agency) http://www2.epa.gov/hydraulicfracturing Overview of EPA studies and laws related to fracking; provides links to other sources that contain more detailed information about shale gas and the hydraulic fracturing process.</p><p>1 Shale Maps (Resources for the Future) http://rff.org/centers/energy_economics_and_policy/Pages/Shale_Maps.aspx Provides a breakdown of state fracking regulations in various formats, including tables and maps.</p><p>Municipalities and Hydraulic Fracturing: Trends in State Preemption http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/environmentallawprogram/files/2013/03/Municipalities-and-Hydraulic- Fracturing-Trends-in-State-Preemption.pdf Overview of regulatory approaches that municipalities can consider when faced with fracking. It also offers examples of where each approach has been implemented and the challenges these communities face.</p><p>Risks and impacts of hydraulic fracturing development</p><p>Resources for the Future http://www.rff.org/centers/energy_economics_and_policy/Pages/Shale-Matrices.aspx A risk matrix that identifies the potential risks (i.e., those that could plausibly occur under normal operating conditions) to be considered when developing a well, examining impacts from widespread drilling activities, or writing regulations.</p><p>Information on Shale Resources, Development, and Environmental and Public Health Risks (Government Accountability Office) http://www.gao.gov/assets/650/647791.pdf Findings of the GAO in response to congressional requests for information about shale resources, development, and possible risks. </p><p>Fracking Outpaces Science on Its Impact (Yale University) http://environment.yale.edu/envy/stories/fracking-outpaces-science-on-its-impact Outline of all the potential environmental and health impacts associated with fracking, emphasizing uncertainty and the need for more research. </p><p>Hydraulic Fracturing and Information Forcing http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm? abstract_id=2283904 Overview of the gaps in information about hydraulic fracturing’s impacts; offers recommendations for what should be done to correct them.</p><p>How Should We Think about the Economic Consequences of Shale Gas Drilling? http://cce.cornell.edu/EnergyClimateChange/NaturalGasDev/Documents/Green%20Choices %20Papers/Marcellus_SC_NR.pdf Discusses the potential economic impacts of shale gas development on communities, using Pennsylvania as a model. Considers both the short- and long-term benefits, the costs of extraction, and related activities. </p><p>An Evidence-based Fracking Debate?: Science, Democracy, and Community Right to Know in Unconventional Oil and Gas Development Center for Science and Democracy report to be released in October. </p><p>2</p>