<p>Assignment: Elements Name:</p><p>Considering what you learned in at the graphite and diamond site, describe the differences between the two.</p><p>Which 4 elements make up most living things?</p><p>Go to the following websites and answer the following questions:</p><p> http://education.jlab.org/indexpages/index.html - The Homework Helpers links will be particularly helpful including All about Atoms, Table of Elements, Questions and Answers and Glossary of Science Terms.</p><p> http://www.ndt-ed.org/EducationResources/HighSchool/Radiography/atomselements.htm (You can also do some additional research on your own.)</p><p>I. Matter and Energy</p><p> a) Everything in the universe is made of two things: ______and ______</p><p> b) Atoms are particles of elements, ______</p><p> c) Compound: ______</p><p> d) The difference between states of matter is due to ______</p><p> f) What keeps the electron and proton from crashing into each other? What is a good example of this? (In your own words)</p><p> g) Describe how far away an electron orbits from the nucleus in your own words</p><p> h) It is not accurate to show an electron spinning around the nucleus like a ball in a circle because . . .</p><p> i) Atomic Number = ______</p><p> j) Atomic Mass = ______</p><p>Directions: 1. Explore the Build an Atom simulation. http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/build-an-atom 2. Using Build an Atom, play with the parts of atoms to find about Atomic Structure</p><p>3. a) Atoms are made of 3 different particles (include description): i)</p><p> ii)</p><p> iii)</p><p>A. What parts go in the center of the atom? What is the center called? B. Play until you discover a good rule for making the center of the atom “stable”. What seems to make the center of the atom “unstable”? C. Make a table like the one below to identify three examples – at least 1 stable and at least 1 unstable – that shows your rules for stablility work and include a drawing of your nucleus. </p><p>What is in your nucleus? Draw your nucleus Is it stable or unstable? What Element is it? 1 2 3</p><p>3. Everything around us is made up of different elements. The air has Oxygen and Nitrogen. Plants and people have lots of Carbon. Helium is in balloons. Hydrogen is in water. </p><p>A. Play until you discover a rule for what determines the name of the element you build. What did you find determines the element? B. Test your idea by identifying the element for the following 3 cases:</p><p> example Atom or Ion has What Element is it? # of protons: 6 1 # of neutrons: 6 # of electrons: 6 # of protons: 7 2 # of neutrons: 6 # of electrons: 6 # of protons: 6 3 # of neutrons: 7 # of electrons: 7</p><p>4. Play until you discover some good rules about the charge of your atom or ion.  What is a rule for making: 1) A neutral atom which has no charge. 1) A positive ion which has positive charge? 2) A negative ion which has negative charge? </p><p>Practice – use the information given to complete the chart. </p><p># # Atomic Atomic Element # neutrons protons electrons Number Mass Oxygen 8 8 8 8 16 Gold 79 79 118 79 197 Potassium 19 20 39 Sulfur 16 16 32 Hydrogen 0 1 1 Iron 26 30 Iodine 53 127 Uranium 92 146 Krypton 36 83 Silicon 14 28 Erbium 68 167</p>