<p>Name:______6th Grade Science Date:______Launch into the Atmosphere What is it!?</p><p>A layer of ______around Earth, That is made up of about ______nitrogen, _____ oxygen, and trace amounts of other gases (carbon dioxide, water vapor, argon).</p><p>Why is it important?</p><p> The atmosphere protects us by absorbing harmful ______(UV) rays </p><p> from the sun.</p><p> It reduces ______changes between day and night.</p><p> It provides us with the ______we need to breath and the carbon dioxide </p><p>______need to perform photosynthesis.</p><p>Density</p><p> The atmosphere is thicker, or denser, closer to the ______.</p><p> The atmosphere gets thinner, or less dense, the ______up you go. </p><p> This means the amount of gases present ______and the molecules are spread</p><p> farther apart as altitude ______.</p><p>Air Pressure</p><p> Air pressure is the measure of the ______with which the air </p><p> molecules push on a surface.</p><p> Air pressure changes throughout the atmosphere.</p><p> At sea level, air pressure is ______pounds per square inch.</p><p> Heating the air causes the molecules to move ______and to spread </p><p>______apart. The more you heat them, the faster they move.  If you cool them, they ______</p><p>______. Cold air molecules slow down</p><p> and move ______together.</p><p>Fill in the diagram of the air molecules </p><p>High & Low Pressure Systems  If a high pressure system is on its way, often you can expect ______temperatures and ______skies. o It is “high” pressure because when air is cooled it is ______. When air is compressed it is under “high pressure”.</p><p> If a low pressure system is coming, then look for ______weather, storms and ______. o It is “low” pressure because when air is heated it ______and is less compressed. When air is not compressed it is under “low pressure”. The 5 Layers of the Atmosphere</p><p>Troposphere  The troposphere is the layer closest to the earth.</p><p> The temperature ______as altitude increases.</p><p> Most ______occurs in this layer.</p><p> ______of the gas molecules in the atmosphere are found in </p><p> this layer.</p><p>Stratosphere  The stratosphere is the second layer in the atmosphere.</p><p> The temperature ______as altitude increases.</p><p> The top of this layer is about 50km above the earth's surface </p><p> and where most commercial jets fly because there is _____</p><p> weather to disturb them.</p><p> The ______is found in this layer.</p><p>Answer the following questions while watching Ozzy Ozone</p><p> o What do the ozone molecules do?</p><p>______</p><p>______</p><p>______</p><p> o What happens after the Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) weaken </p><p> the ozone?</p><p>______</p><p>______</p><p>______o Name two ways UV rays are harmful</p><p>1. ______</p><p>______</p><p>2. ______</p><p>______</p><p> o If no more chemicals were released in to the atmosphere how many years</p><p> would it take for the ozone layer to fully repair itself? ______</p><p>Mesosphere  The Mesosphere is the middle layer of the atmosphere.</p><p> The ______layer and the higher you go the </p><p> colder its gets.</p><p> It can get as cold as ______°F.</p><p>Thermosphere  The thermosphere is the fourth layer of the atmosphere.</p><p> Temperature ______, as altitude increases.</p><p> The temperature can be more than ______°F.</p><p> The thermosphere includes a reign called the ______.</p><p> o The ionosphere allows for long distance radio communication </p><p> because it reflects the radio waves back to earth.</p><p> o The ______(also known as the northern lights) </p><p> are found in the ionosphere.</p><p> Space shuttles orbit in the upper part of the thermosphere.</p><p>Exosphere  The exosphere is last layer of the atmosphere.</p><p> Air molecules are ______spread out.</p><p> It contains mostly ______and ______.</p><p> Beyond the exosphere is outer space. There is no definite ______</p><p> between the two. How are the boundaries of each layer defined?</p><p>The changes in ______define the layers of the atmosphere.</p><p>Graph the temperature changes in each level </p><p>Bill Nye: Greatest Discoveries- Atmosphere</p><p> Answer the following questions while watching </p><p> o Troposphere means sphere of ______</p><p> o Stratosphere means sphere of ______</p><p>Heating the Earth Radiation  Radiation is the transfer of energy as ______waves.</p><p> The Earth receives energy from the ______by radiation.</p><p>*Fill in the percentages</p><p> for each box</p><p>Conduction</p><p> Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy from one material to another by </p><p>______contact.</p><p> o Example: Think of walking barefoot on a hot sidewalk. Thermal energy is </p><p>______from the sidewalk to your feet.</p><p>Convection </p><p> Convection is the transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or movement of a </p><p>______or ______. Heating the Earth Video:</p><p> Answer the following while watching the video</p><p> o As the surface of the earth heats up, it heats the air above it and rises and </p><p> as it rises what happens? ______</p><p> o The differences in ______between the land and sea greatly influence </p><p> local weather.</p><p> o When water evaporates from a puddle what does it carry with it? </p><p>______</p><p>The Greenhouse Effect</p><p>The Greenhouse Effect is the heating process in which the ______in the atmosphere </p><p>______thermal energy. Fill in the diagram below to explain the greenhouse effect</p><p>Global Warming</p><p> Global Warming is a rise in ______global temperatures.</p><p> An increase in greenhouse gases, like ______, is believed </p><p> to have caused an increase in global warming.</p><p>MythBusters: The Great Ice Debate</p><p> Answer the following while watching the video</p><p> o What were the Mythbusters testing? ______</p><p>______</p><p>______</p><p>______</p><p> o What were the results? ______</p><p>______</p><p>______</p>