<p> Chapter 3&8</p><p>1. List the constituents of the electro-magnetic spectrum and discuss their relative wavelengths and energies.</p><p>2. Describe differences between a refracting telescope and a reflecting telescope.</p><p>3. Discuss the relationship of the aperture of a telescope and its </p><p> a) light-gathering power</p><p> b) resolving power</p><p>4. What determines the magnifying power of a telescope?</p><p>5. What is meant by “adaptive optics”; how does it work, and why is it so important in astronomy today? 6. What are the advantages of telescopes in space?</p><p>7. Give the basic definition of “parsec” and discuss the relationship between the distance of a star and its parallax shift.</p><p>8. Discuss the apparent magnitudes and luminosity of a star. How can knowing both of them give us a star’s distance?</p><p>9. Discuss the spectral classification of stellar temperatures. What are the spectral classes?</p><p>10. How does the brightness of a star depend on temperature? 11. Discuss the H-R diagram, what it plots, and where various kinds of stars are located on the diagram.</p><p>12.Describe three methods for detecting binary stars.</p><p>13. What is the chief method of measuring the mass of an object in space?</p><p>14. Describe the roles of convection, conduction and radiation in the interiors of stars 15. Describe the process of nuclear fusion in some detail.</p><p>16. Explain the difference between the nuclear fission and fusion.</p><p>17. Describe the chief characteristics of the sun.</p><p>18. Draw a labeled sketch of the surface structure of the sun. 19. Describe what the continuous, emission, and absorption spectra look like, and discuss the circumstances under which each is formed.</p><p>20. How can you estimate the temperature of a star with your unaided eye? How does this work?</p><p>21. What can the doppler effect tell us about stars and galaxies? How does this work?</p><p>22. List and describe the various features observed in and above the photosphere of the sun. 23. Discuss sunspots in some detail. including their structure, formation, and the Babcock sunspot cycle.</p>