<p> Fire Service Ground Ladders (7th Edition) Chapter 3-Handling Ladders Test Review</p><p>. A 24 foot extension ladder is most appropriate for reaching the eaves of a 2-story (8 feet/story) building. . A 35 foot extension ladder is the best choice to reach a 3rd story (10 feet/story) window. . A window rescue from the 4th floor of a commercial occupancy would most likely require a 45 foot pole ladder. . The method of mounting ladders to apparatus is determined by: Manufacturer's policy, brackets or racking used, type of apparatus, body design, fire department requirements, and the type of ladder. . Ladders should be located where they facilitate removal and where they are not subjected to exhaust or engine heat. . NFPA 1901 requires pumpers to carry one 10-foot folding ladder, one 14-foot roof ladder, and one 24-foot extension ladder. . Ladders are usually mounted on a rack, vertically (on beam), on the right side of the apparatus. . Pumpers with high side compartments on both sides or ladders in excess of 35 feet may have to be relocated to overhead racks for mounting. . NFPA 1904 requires aerial apparatus to carry one 10-foot folding ladder, two 16-foot roof ladders, one 14- foot combination ladder, one 24-foot extension ladder, and one 35-foot extension ladder. . Racking arrangements on aerial apparatus are usually either loaded from the rear in tiers, nested vertically on the beam, or in flat tiers (horizontal) on the sides of the apparatus. . Folding ladders on aerial apparatus are usually mounted where ever it is convenient. . Combination ladders on aerial apparatus may be on the side of the apparatus, in a topside cargo hold, or in a large compartment. . Per NFPA 1902, initial attack apparatus must carry one 12-foot ladder (GVW < 15,000lbs.), one 14-foot ladder (GVW 15,000-20,000lbs.), or one 16-foot ladder (GVW > 20,000lbs.). . Tankers and tenders designed solely for water transport are not required to carry ladders. . Tankers equipped with a fire pump must carry the same NFPA required amount of ladders for pumpers. . Rescue and squad apparatus are not required to carry ladders. . One residential story measures 8 to 10 feet. . Residential floor to windowsill measures about 3 feet. . One commercial story measures about 12 feet. . Commercial floor to windowsill is about 4 feet. . Ladders should extend beyond the roof, preferably 5 rungs. . When accessing the side of a window for ventilation, the tip of the ladder should be placed 3 to 4 rungs above the windowsill. . When performing a rescue from a window, the tip of the ladder should be placed just below the windowsill. . A 16 to 20 foot ladder is needed to reach a 1st story roof. . A 20 to 28 foot ladder is needed to reach a 2nd story window. . A 28 to 35 foot ladder is needed to reach a 2nd story roof. . A 40 to 50 foot ladder is needed to reach a 3rd story roof or window. . A ladder over 50 feet is needed to reach a 4th story roof. . The reach of a ladder under 35 feet is 1 foot less than the designated length. . The reach of a ladder over 35 feet is 2 foot less than the designated length. . A 35-foot extension ladder is the most versatile of extension ladders because it is suitable for 1 to 3 story residential, 1 to 2 story commercial, and 1 story industrial structures and is compact enough to be mounted on a pumper. . 35-foot, three-section ladders are heavier than 35-foot, two-section ladders. . Ladders should not be removed from apparatus while stabilizers are being deployed. . When 2 or more firefighters are lifting a ladder, the firefighter at the rear should give commands to lift and lower. . Firefighters should pivot toward the butt when lifting ladders into carrying position. . Hooks on roof ladders should be closed while carrying. . When performing a rescue, if a window is large enough, the tip of the ladder should be projected into the window 3 to 4 rungs. . Roofs should be laddered from at least 2 points on opposite sides. . When ladders are used to support smoke ejectors, the tip should be placed on the wall above the window opening. . Placing a ladder at a 75 degree angle provides good stability and permits the climber to stand perpendicular at arm's length to the rungs. . When the butt of the ladder is too far from the building, load carrying capacity and stability is reduced. . If a ladder is placed at less than a 75 degree angle, it should be tied off and heeled at all times. . The proper distance of the butt from a building can be determined by dividing the used length of the ladder by 4.</p>