<p> Citations</p><p>1) Referencing Works 2) Introducing Quotes 3) Incite Citations: Parenthetical References 4) Works Cited</p><p>POEMS, SHORT STORIES, & BOOKS • You ALWAYS put the titles of poems and short stories in “QUOTES” o Example: “Still I Rise,” “The Road Not Taken,” “The Lottery” o You also put the titles of article in quotes. • You ALWAYS UNDERLINE or ITALICIZE the title of books o Example: Adventures of Huckleberry Finn; The Perks of Being a Wallflower</p><p>INTRODUCING QUOTES: 3 POSSIBLE WAYS • In (poem, short story, book title)(comma)(author/narrator/character’s name) (verb) (comma): • In “The Rules of the Game,” the narrator Waverly says, “…” • In (author’s name /work) (comma) (work title) (comma) (he/she) (verb) • In Amy Tan’s short story, “The Rules of the Game,” the narrator Waverly states “…” OR JUST • (The narrator, character) (verb) • Waverly exclaims, “…”</p><p>SOME STRONG VERBS TO USE: depicts, shows, focuses on, illuminates, states, explains, exclaims</p><p>• Remember: you can always use Dictionary.com to find great synonyms to replace hackneyed, or overused words. </p><p>TYPES OF CITATION: MLA = ENGLISH APA = SCIENCE</p><p>INCIITE CITATIONS: PARENTHETICAL REFERENCE • When you are taking someone else’s words directly from a work make sure you cite! • Incite Citations: When you are using a quote inside your own writing. • MLA option: Parenthetical Reference = using a parenthesis inside your writing. This replaces the footnote. • Example: Waverly states, “I learned why it is essential in the endgame to have foresight.” (Tan, 82) • ***** Make sure the period goes before the end quote. • ***** Open parenthesis, insert the author’s last name, insert a comma and write the page number the direct quote was found in. If the quote is found on multiple pages simply include a dash. Example: (Tan, 82-83). WORKS CITED</p><p>• A works cited usually belongs at the end of a completed essay or research paper • The last page of the essay is dedicated to the works cited. • The last page is titled: Works Cited • Here you list all of the books or reference materials that you cited in your essay • Another word for this is Bibliography, but in a bibliography you include all works you read to help you come up with your thesis, conclusions, etc., even if they are not cited. • The works must also be alphabetical</p><p>EXAMPLE: Works Cited Adams, Robert M. “Brautigan Was Here.” The New York Review of Books. (1971): 24-26. Web.</p><p>Barthes, Roland. “The Death of the Author.” Falling Into Theory. Ed. David Richter. Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 1978. 253-257. Print.</p><p>Barthes, Roland. The Pleasure of the Text. Trans. Richard Miller. New York, NY: Hill and Wang, 1975. Print.</p><p>Brautigan, Richard. Revenge of The Lawn. The Abortion. So the Wind Won’t Blow it All Away. New York, NY: Hougton Mifflin Company. 1971, 1995. Print.</p><p>EXAMPLE: Tan, Amy. “Rules of the Game.” A Book of short stories 2: Perspectives in Literature. 3rd Edition. Orlando: Holt Rinehart and Winston Inc, 1983. 79-89. Print. </p><p>• Last name, First name (of author of the short story) period. Title of short story (in quotation marks – if it is a book, the title has to be underlined or italicized. Title of the book that the short story was found in (since this is a book, it needs to be underlined or italicized). Edition. City of publication: Publisher, year of copywrite. Page numbers (separated by a dash). Print or Website (if Website insert link here). </p><p>HELPFUL WEBSITES: • http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/06 / • Son of Citation Machine: citationmachine.net/</p>