<p> 1. INTRODUCTION</p><p>1.1 AUTHORITY FOR THE EBS</p><p>Public Laws 100-526 and 101-510 designated more than 100 U.S. Department of Army (DOA) facilities for closure and realignment. As a result, it became necessary to investigate and clean up, as necessary, environmental contamination before U.S. Army Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) property can be released and reused. The BRAC environmental restoration program was established in 1989 when the first round (BRAC I) of base closures was announced. Since 1989, subsequent rounds of military base realignments and closures have been identified through public law every 2 years. The BRAC environmental restoration program is patterned after the U.S. Army’s Installation Restoration Program (IRP), but has been expanded to include categories of contamination, such as asbestos, lead-based paint, radon, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), radiological hazards, unexploded ordnance (UXO), and other environmental concerns that normally are not addressed under the U.S. Army IRP.</p><p>In October 1992, Public Law 102-426, the Community Environmental Response Facilitation Act (CERFA), amended Section 120(h) of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) and established new procedures with respect to contamination assessment, cleanup, and regulatory agency notification and concurrence for Federal facility closures. The primary objective of CERFA is for Federal agencies to identify expeditiously real property offering the greatest opportunity for immediate reuse and redevelopment. Although CERFA does not mandate that the U.S. Army transfer real property so identified, the first step in satisfying this objective is the requirement to identify real property where CERCLA regulated hazardous substances or petroleum products were not stored, released, or disposed of.</p><p>On 28 February 1995, the Secretary of Defense submitted a recommendation that Savanna Army Depot Activity (SVDA), located 7 miles north of Savanna, Illinois, be selected for closure. BRAC requires environmental issues at base closure properties to be investigated pursuant to CERCLA. The BRAC environmental restoration program begins by conducting an Environmental Baseline Survey (EBS). The EBS describes the environmental condition of the property that is used</p><p>Savanna Army Depot Activity 1 May 1999 Environmental Baseline Survey to determine the suitability to lease or transfer excess BRAC property. Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) has been retained by the U.S. Army Environmental Center (USAEC) to prepare an EBS report under the authority of Contract DACA31-94-D-0066, Delivery Order 0005. This work is being conducted under the guidance of the USAEC Base Closure Division.</p><p>1.2 OBJECTIVES</p><p>The objectives of the EBS are to:</p><p> Identify areas on the installation where storage, release, or disposal of hazardous substances or petroleum products or their derivatives has occurred.</p><p> Identify other related environmental, hazard, or safety issues that would limit or preclude the transfer of property for unrestricted use. Such circumstances include the presence of asbestos, radon, UXO, lead-based paint, radionuclides, and PCBs.</p><p> Identify ongoing response actions, or actions that have been taken at or adjacent to SVDA.</p><p> Identify possible sources of contamination on adjacent properties that could migrate to the real property.</p><p>The results presented in this EBS report are based on existing information obtained from the review of U.S. Government files made available to SAIC, visual inspections of the installation and adjacent properties, title searches, interviews with current and former SVDA employees, and a data base search of possible sources of contamination on adjacent properties. The methods used to meet these objectives are discussed in Section 2. The scope of the EBS did not encompass the generation of new data or environmental sample collection and analysis.</p><p>1.3 DEFINITION OF TERMS</p><p>Data gathered in conjunction with the EBS were used to determine the environmental condition of the property at SVDA. Property was categorized in accordance with the BRAC Cleanup Plan (BCP) Guidebook (DOD 1993a) and guidance from the U.S. Army (Buck 1996, DOD 1996). The seven categories used for classification of the property are as follows:</p><p>Savanna Army Depot Activity 2 May 1999 Environmental Baseline Survey  Category 1—Areas where no release or disposal of hazardous substances or petroleum products has occurred (including no migration of these substances from adjacent areas). Areas classified as Category 1 may contain UXO, asbestos, lead-based paint, radon, PCBs, and/or radiological hazards.</p><p> Category 2—Areas where only release or disposal of petroleum products has occurred.</p><p> Category 3—Areas where release, disposal, and/or migration of hazardous substances has occurred, but at concentrations that do not require a response action to protect human health and the environment. Concentrations of hazardous substances can be below defensible detection limits, or can be above detection limits but below action levels. Action levels are defined as installation-specific risk-based or standards-based criteria and chemical-specific applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs). Designation of a Category 3 area also means that risk estimates completed for contamination do not:</p><p>-6 – Exceed 10 for any carcinogenic hazardous substance detected in any medium</p><p>– Result in a hazard quotient (HQ) greater than 1 for any noncarcinogenic hazardous substance detected in any medium</p><p>-6 – Exceed 10 for any carcinogenic hazardous substance, taken together, in any exposure pathway</p><p>– Result in a hazard index (HI) greater than 1 for all noncarcinogenic hazardous substances, taken together, in any exposure pathway</p><p>-4 – Exceed 10 for any carcinogenic hazardous substance accumulated across all pathways</p><p>– Result in an HI greater than 1 for all noncarcinogenic hazardous substances accumulated across all pathways.</p><p> Category 4—Areas where release, disposal, and/or migration of hazardous substances has occurred, and all removal or remedial actions necessary to protect human health and the environment have been taken.</p><p> Category 5—Areas where release, disposal, and/or migration of hazardous substances has occurred, and removal or remedial actions are under way, but all required response actions have not yet been taken.</p><p> Category 6—Areas where release, disposal, and/or migration of hazardous substances has occurred, but required response actions have not yet been implemented.</p><p> Category 7—Areas that are unevaluated or require additional evaluation.</p><p>Savanna Army Depot Activity 3 May 1999 Environmental Baseline Survey 1.4 ORGANIZATION OF THE EBS REPORT</p><p>This EBS report is divided into four sections in addition to this introduction. Section 2 describes the methodology used to conduct the EBS. Section 3 describes the SVDA property, its history, regulatory status, environmental setting, land uses, and human and environmental receptors. Section 4 identifies and characterizes sites previously identified at the installation, new areas identified during the EBS investigation, and past and ongoing response actions at the installation. Section 4 also discusses sources of contamination located on adjacent or surrounding properties, and other related environmental, hazard, and safety issues at the installation. Section 5 lists the references that were used in preparing this EBS report.</p><p>This EBS report contains nine appendices. Appendix A provides 1945, 1961, 1979, 1984, and 1995 SVDA Building Lists. Appendix B provides a copy of the Federal and state data base search. Appendices C and D provide notes from interviews conducted to support the EBS and visual surveys conducted during site visits to SVDA, respectively. Appendix E provides copies of title documents for SVDA. Appendix F provides the results of a historic aerial photography analysis prepared by Dames & Moore (1991). Appendix G provides hazardous waste inventory sheets. Appendix H provides worksheets to support the Finding of Suitability to Transfer (FOST), and Appendix I provides supplemental information to support certain conclusions of the EBS.</p><p>Savanna Army Depot Activity 4 May 1999 Environmental Baseline Survey</p>