<p> Organic Compounds Test ~Please DO NOT write on the test!~ 1. Which of the following solutions would contain the highest concentration of H+ ions? A. a solution with a pH of 10 B. a solution with a pH of 8 C. a solution with a pH of 4 C. a solution with a pH of 2</p><p>2. Which class of organic molecules is used for long term energy storage in animals? A. Glucose B. Triglycerides C. Waxes D. Amino acids E. Proteins</p><p>3. Which set of atoms are characteristic of nucleic acids? A. Ca, Fe, K B. C, H, O C. C, H, O, P D. C, H, O, N, S E. C, H, O, N, P</p><p>4. Which set of atoms are characteristics of carbohydrates? A. Ca, Fe, K B. C, H, O C. C, H, O, P D. C, H, O, N, S E. C, H, O, N, P</p><p>Use the following diagrams to answer questions 5-8.</p><p>5. Which depicts glucose? 6. Which depicts a monomer of a protein?</p><p>7. Which depicts a monomer of fats or oils? 8. Which depicts a nucleic acid?</p><p>9. In a condensation reaction, ______, and in the process water is ______. A. a polymer breaks up to form monomers…consumed B. a monomer breaks up to form polymers…produced C. monomers are assembled to produce a polymer…consumed D. monomers are assembled to produce a polymer…produced E. a polymer breaks up to form monomers…produced</p><p>10. A major characteristic that all lipids have in common is A. They all contain phosphorus B. They all contain nitrogen C. None of them are very high in energy content D. They are all acidic when mixed with water E. They don’t dissolve in water</p><p>11. Which of the following is NOT the proper pairing of a polymer and its monomer? A. polysaccharide and monosaccharide B. fatty acids and steroid C. nucleic acid and nucleotide D. protein and nucleic acids E. All of the pairs properly reflect a polymer and its corresponding monomer.</p><p>12. Which of the following is NOT a type of protein? A. hemoglobin B. collagen C. enzymes D. insulin E. all of these are proteins</p><p>13. A glucose molecule is to starch as A. a steroid is to a lipid B. a protein is to an amino acid C. a nucleic acid is to a polypeptide D. a nucleotide is to a nucleic acid E. an amino acid is to a nucleic acid</p><p>14. A scientist suspects that the food in an ecosystem may have been contaminated with radioactive nitrogen over a period of months. Which of the following substances could be examined for the radioactivity to test the hypothesis? A. the cell walls of plants growing in the ecosystem B. the hair produced by humans living in the ecosystem C. the sugars produced during photosynthesis by plants growing in the ecosystem D. the cholesterol in the cell membranes of organisms living in the ecosystem E. Any of these choices</p><p>15. A phospholipid is composed of A. one glycerol molecule linked to three fatty acids. B. one fatty acid molecule linked to three glycerol molecules C. one glycerol molecule linked to a phosphate group and two fatty acids D. one fatty acid molecule linked to one glycerol molecule and two phosphate groups. E. one glycerol molecule linked to three phosphate groups.</p><p>16. Amino acids can be distinguished from one another by A. The number of R groups found on the amino acid B. The chemical properties of their R group C. The type of bond between the R group and the rest of the amino acid molecule D. The chemical properties of their amino and carboxyl groups E. All of the above</p><p>17. Which of the following is an example of secondary structure in a protein? A. a particular amino acid sequence B. a fibrous shape C. a globular shape D. the joining of two polypeptide chains E. an alpha helix</p><p>18. Which of the following is an amino group? A. –OH B. –NH2 C. –COOH D. –CO E. –CH3</p><p>19. Which of the following is NOT a type of protein? A. contractile proteins B. Enzymes C. Signal Proteins D. All of these are proteins E. None of these are proteins</p><p>20. Which of the following statements is true about dehydration synthesis? A. One monomer loses a hydrogen atom, and the other loses a hydroxyl group. B. Electrons are shared between atoms of the joined monomers C. H2O is formed as monomers are joined. D. Covalent bonds are formed between the monomers. E. All of the above</p><p>21. Which of the following statements is false? Enzymes… A. increase the rate of chemical reactions B. are monomers used to build proteins C. function as catalysts D. are produced by cells E. regulate virtually ALL chemical reactions in a cell. 22. Which list consists of only polymers? A. sugars, amino acids, nucleic acids, lipids B. proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, amino acids C. proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, sugars (monosaccharides) D. proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, polysaccharides</p><p>23. Cellulose differs from glycogen in that A. The monomers of cellulose are held together by covalent bonds, whereas the monomers of glycogen are held together by hydrogen bonds. B. glycogen is formed by plants and cellulose by animals C. cellulose is formed by plants and glycogen by animals D. they are the same</p><p>24. Cows can derive nutrients from cellulose because A. they produce the enzymes that break down cellulose B. they chew their food so thoroughly that cellulose is broken down C. their intestinal tract contains cellulose-hydrolyzing microorganisms D. they convert cellulose into starch, which is easily broken down E. their intestinal tract contains termites, which can break down cellulose</p><p>25. Which of the following substances is NOT a lipid? A. wax B. cholesterol C. nucleic acids D. steroids E. triglycerides</p><p>26. Estrogen, cholesterol, and other steroids are examples of A. Polysaccharides B. Lipids C. Polypeptides D. Nucleic acids</p><p>27. Changes in salt concentration, pH, and excessive heat can permanently alter the shape of a protein. This is called A. Tertiary structure B. Denaturation C. Hydrolysis D. De-globularation</p><p>28. TRUE or FALSE? All R groups found in amino acids are hydrophobic. A. True B. False</p><p>29. Steroids are a type of lipid. Anabolic steroids are A. a synthetic version of the male hormone testosterone B. a synthetic version of the male hormone aromatase C. a synthetic version of the female hormone estrogen D. a synthetic version of the female hormone progesterone</p><p>30. The most concentrated source of stored energy is a molecule of A. DNA B. Cellulose C. Fat D. Protein E. Glucose</p><p>31. Cellulose is a ______made of many ______. A. Polypeptide…monomers B. Carbohydrate…fatty acids C. Polymer…glucose molecules D. Protein…amino acids E. Lipid…triglycerides</p><p>32. A biochemist is analyzing a potato plant for the presence of cellulose. Where would he be most likely to find it? A. In the cell membranes B. In grains of the cells of underground tubers (potatoes) C. In the nucleus of potato cells D. In the cell walls</p><p>33. Breaking down a protein would produce A. Amino acids B. Monosaccharides C. Polysaccharides D. Peptide bonds E. Nucleotides</p><p>34. Palm oil and coconut oil are more like animal fats than other plant oils. Because they _____ than other plant oils, they can contribute to cardiovascular disease. A. Contain fewer double bonds B. Are less saturated C. Are less soluble in water D. Contain less hydrogen E. Contain more sodium</p><p>35. Which of the following can denature a protein? A. destroying hydrogen bonds B. changes in pH C. changes in salt concentration D. chemical reactions</p><p>36. The overall 3-D shape of a polypeptide is called the A. Double helix B. Primary structure C. Secondary structure D. Tertiary structure E. Quaternary structure</p><p>37. Which of the following ranks the molecules in the correct order according to size? A. Water…sucrose…glucose…protein B. Protein…water…glucose…sucrose C. Water…protein…sucrose…glucose D. Protein…sucrose…glucose…water E. Glucose…water…sucrose…protein</p><p>38. Which formula represents an organic molecule? A. CuSO4 B. C12H22O11 C. AgNO3 D. H2O</p><p>39. Cosmetics often contain glycerol (C3H8O3) which has three identical functional groups. Which bonds hold these functional groups together? A. Covalent B. Hydrogen C. Intermolecular D. Ionic</p><p>40. Why are organic molecules so diverse? A. They form mirror images of each other B. They contain oxygen which has 6 valence electrons C. They form when any naturally occurring elements combine D. They have carbon skeletons that vary greatly in arrangement</p>