<p>Name ______Date ______Period _____ Lipids Raven Ch. 3 Big Idea 2: BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS UTILIZE FREE ENERGY AND MOLECULAR BUILDING BLOCKS TO GROW, TO REPRODUCE AND TO MAINTAIN HOMEOSTASIS.</p><p>Essential Knowledge:  All living systems require constant input of free energy.  Organisms capture and store free energy for use in biological processes.  Organisms must exchange matter with the environment to grow, reproduce and maintain organization.  Organisms exhibit complex properties due to interactions between their constituent parts.  Interactions between molecules affect their structure and function.  Variation in molecular units provides cells with a wider range of functions.</p><p>Lipids </p><p>Lipids are composed of ______ long ______chains (H-C) </p><p>Lipid “Family groups” . ______. ______. ______. ______. Do not form ______ Lipids are-______made of smaller subunits  not a repeating chain</p><p>Fats and Oils . Structure:</p><p> ______+ ______</p><p>. fatty acid = long ______“tail” with ______(COOH) group “head”</p><p>1 . Triacylglycerol (______)  3 ______linked to ______ ______linkage = between ______& ______</p><p>How do the 3 fatty acids link to the glycerol? ______</p><p>Fats store energy . Long Hydrocarbon chain  polar or non-polar?  hydrophilic or hydrophobic?</p><p>. Function:  ______. concentrated . all C-C; C-H bonds! . 2x more than carbs  ______ ______. Think whale blubber</p><p>Saturated fats . All ______are bonded to maximum number of ______. No ______ long, straight chain  most ______fats  ______at room temp. . contributes to cardiovascular disease (atherosclerosis) = plaque deposits</p><p>2 Unsaturated fats . ______in the fatty acids  ______& ______fats  ______oils  ______at room temperature . the ______made by double bonded Carbons prevent the molecules from packing tightly together . Monounsaturated- ______. Polyunsaturated- ______. (Partially) Hydrogenated-? ______</p><p>Phospholipids . Structure:  ______+ 2 ______+ ______</p><p>. PO4 = ______charged</p><p>Hydrophobic or hydrophilic? . fatty acid tails = ______</p><p>. PO4 head = ______. Split “personality”</p><p>Phospholipids in water</p><p>. Hydrophilic heads “______” to H2O</p><p>. Hydrophobic tails “______” from H2O  can self-assemble into “bubbles”  bubble = “______”  can also form a ______ Early evolutionary stage of cell? bilayer 3 . Phospholipids create a barrier in water  define outside vs. inside  they make ______!</p><p>Soap? ______</p><p>Steroids . Structure:  4 ______+ ?? . different steroids created by attaching different ______to rings . different structure creates different ______Examples: ______</p><p> cholesterol</p><p>Cholesterol . Important cell component  animal cell ______ ______of all other steroids . including vertebrate ______ high levels in blood may contribute to ______disease . helps keep cell membranes ______4 From Cholesterol  Sex Hormones</p><p>. What a big difference a few atoms can make!</p><p>5</p>