<p>Mock Exam 2 </p><p>1) Which of the following is the correct classification for the distal articulation between the tibia and fibula, and the interosseous membrane between the radius and ulna? A) gomphosis B) suture C) syndesmosis D) synchondrosis E) synostosis</p><p>2) Which of the following associations is most accurate? A) synarthroses—slightly movable B) amphiarthroses—freely movable C) diarthroses—immovable D) diarthroses—synovial E) gomphoses—slightly movable</p><p>3) The type of joint formed by the joining of the diaphysis and each epiphysis is called a ______. A) gomphosis B) synchondrosis C) synostosis D) symphysis E) suture</p><p>4) Which of the following is a function of synovial fluid? A) it is a lubricant B) prevents movement C) channels the flow of blood D) restricts joint movement E) strengthens and reinforces the joint</p><p>5) Pronation and supination occur at a/the ______. A) humeroulnar joint B) radioulnar joint C) temporomandibular joint D) glenohumeral joint E) tibiofibular joint</p><p>6) The joint between the trapezium and metacarpal 1 is an example of a/an ______. A) hinge joint B) ellipsoid joint C) pivot joint D) gliding joint E) saddle joint</p><p>7) A joint that allows only rotational movements is called a ______. A) circumductive joint B) pivot joint C) gliding joint D) pronation joint E) ball and socket</p><p>8)A collection of neuronal cell bodies outside of the spinal cord is called A)a ganglion B)a nuclei C) a plexus D)a nerve E)none of the above</p><p>9)Somatic motor nerves innervate which of the following? A)cardiac muscle B)glands C)smooth muscle D)skeletal muscle E)all of the above</p><p>10)Moving the humerus away from the midline refers to which of the following actions? A)Flexion B)Extension C)Lateral rotation D)Abduction E)Adduction 11) Which of the following is true about ball-and-socket joints A)these are polyaxial joints B) all combinations of movements including rotation can be performed by these C) the hip and shoulder are examples of these D) these joints are usually the least stable joints E) All are true</p><p>12)An example of a convergent muscle includes A)extensor digitorum longus B)peroneus longus C)pectoralis major D) deltoid E)latissimus dorsi</p><p>13) The cruciate ligaments attach to the ______of the tibia. A) condyles B) epicondyles C) anterior tuberosity D) intercondylar area E) linea aspera</p><p>14)The collection of nerves branching from the end of the spinal cord is known as_____ A)the lumbar plexus B)cauda equine C)the sacral plexus D)the brachial plexus E) the filum terminale</p><p>15) At the humeroradial joint, the ______articulates with the head of the radius. A) capitulum B) greater tubercle C) glenoid labrum D) lesser tubercle E) trochlea</p><p>16) The adductor magnus muscle is so named, partially due to the ______. A) size of the muscle B) shape of the muscle C) parallel versus pennate arrangement of its fibers D) orientation of its muscle fibers E) location of the muscle</p><p>17) Regarding a typical muscle insertion, which of the following is TRUE? A) The insertion moves more than does the origin. B) The insertion is proximal to the origin. C) If a muscle extends between a broad aponeurosis and a narrow tendon, the aponeurosis is the insertion. D) If there are several tendons at one end of a muscle and just one at the other, there are multiple insertions. E) All of the answers are correct.</p><p>18) Examples of aponeuroses include A) the triceps surae B) the iliotibial tract C)the anterior cruciate ligament D)All of the above E) None of the above</p><p>19)The relationship of the supraspinatus to the deltoid can be classified as____ A)antagonistic B)synergistic C)agonistic D)protagonistic E)none of the above</p><p>20) The two parts of the diaphragm include the ______and the ______diaphragm. A)costal, crural B)costal, abdominal C)crural, vertebral D)costal, sural E)crural, cardiac</p><p>21)Which of the following is the strongest flexor of the thigh? A)Sartorius B)Rectus femoris C)Iliopsoas D)Tensor Fascia Latae E)Gracilis</p><p>22) The most common type of neuron is the ______A)anaxonic B)multipolar C) bipolar D)semipolar E)pseudounipolar</p><p>23) When a single motor neuron controls a greater number of muscle fibers in a motor unit, ______. A) the greater the number of stimuli will be required to produce a contraction B) each contraction will last longer C) the muscle contraction will be slower D) the less precise the control will be E) None of the answers are correct.</p><p>24) The sliding mechanism of myofilaments works when ______. A) the thick filaments detach from the muscle tendon B) the myosin heads of the thick filaments bind to active sites on the actin molecules of the thin filaments C) the myosin heads pivot away from the M line toward the Z lines D) the troponin-tropomyosin complex interacts with the actin molecules E) calcium ions bind to active sites on the actin molecules of the thin filaments</p><p>25) Which of the following is the FIRST step in the sliding mechanism of muscle contraction? A) The myosin heads of the thick filaments bind to active sites on the thin filaments. B) Myosin heads pivot toward the M line when cross-bridge binding occurs. C) Thin filaments are pulled toward the center of the sarcomere. D) The cross-bridges detach and return to their original positions. E) A carbohydrate molecule is broken down to produce energy.</p><p>26) Why are skeletal muscles called voluntary? A) These muscles maintain a constant rhythm of contraction. B) Their contractions can be consciously controlled. C) Only these muscles are stimulated to contract by the central nervous system. D) Contraction of specific muscles occurs to maintain body posture and body position. E) All of the answers are correct.</p><p>27) Which of the following is a function of skeletal muscle? A) produce movement B) maintain posture C) support soft tissues D) maintain body temperature E) All of the answers are correct.</p><p>28) A lever in which the load is between the fulcrum and the applied force is a ______. A) first-class lever B) third-class lever C) second-class lever D) simple lever E) complex lever</p><p>29) Skeletal muscle fiber contractions are caused by the interaction between the ______and the ______filaments of the sarcomeres. A) actin; nebulin B) titin; actin C) myosin; nebulin D) actin; myosin E) titin; myosin</p><p>30)The nervous system works very closely with which of the following systems? A)Lymphatic system B)Cardiovascular system C)Endocrine system D)Respiratory system E)Integumentary system</p><p>31)Interneurons… A)outnumber all other types of neurons combined B)can be excitatory or inhibitory C) are neurons that contact other neurons D)relay sensory inputs for the coordination of motor output E)All are correct</p><p>32) Flexion of the forearm at the elbow involves the use of the principle of (a) ______lever(s). A) first- and second-class B) third-class C) first-class D) first- and third-class E) second-class</p><p>33)Which of the following is true? A)neuroglial cells participate in active transfer and processing of information B)an axon is a process that conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body C)bipolar neurons are usually motor in function D)the degree of excitation depends on the amount of myelin in a neuron E) all are true</p><p>34)The facial nerve (CN VII) innervates the muscles of ______. A) the tongue B) the eyes C) mastication D) the anterior neck E) facial expression</p><p>35) The trigeminal nerve (CN V) controls which group of muscles? A) muscles of facial expression B) muscles of mastication C) muscles of the tongue D) muscles of the pharynx E) muscles of the eye</p><p>36)Which of the following is not true? A) Every axon in the PNS is covered with schwann cells B) myelin is a phospholipid specialization of the plasmalemma C)Interneurons are not myelinated D) myelin provides physical support to the axon and speeds up impulses E)all are true </p><p>37)Neurotransmitters are released from synaptic vessels by____ A)exocytosis B)endocytosis C)diffusion D)Facilitated diffusion E)none of the above</p><p>38)T or F the efferent division of the peripheral nervous system includes the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system</p><p>39) The triceps brachii muscle is opposed in extension of the elbow by the antagonistic muscle, ______. A) brachialis B) deltoid C) anconeus D) pronator teres E) extensor digitorum</p><p>40)The ______nerve innervates the biceps brachii. A)radial B)musculocutaneus C)long thoracic nerver D)suprascapular nerve E)brachial nerve </p><p>41) Which of the following muscles can move the scapula in three different directions? A) deltoid B) levator scapulae C) rhomboid major D) trapezius E) latissimus dorsi 42) The muscle that assists the pectoralis major in adducting and medially rotating the shoulder, but extends rather than flexes the joint, is the ______. A) trapezius B) supraspinatus C) latissimus dorsi D) rhomboid major E) serratus anterior</p><p>43) Why are skeletal muscles called voluntary? A) These muscles maintain a constant rhythm of contraction. B) Their contractions can be consciously controlled. C) Only these muscles are stimulated to contract by the central nervous system. D) Contraction of specific muscles occurs to maintain body posture and body position. E) All of the answers are correct.</p><p>44) The connective tissue surrounding a bundle of muscle fibers is called ______. A) endomysium B) epimysium C) perimysium D) a tendon E) an aponeurosis</p><p>45) A muscle is attached to a bone by ______. A) a bursa B) an aponeurosis C) a ligament D) a capsule E) either a tendon or an aponeurosis</p><p>46)Which of the following is true regarding the brachial plexus? A)it arises from cervical nerves 1, 2, and 3 B)It innervates only the arm C)it innervates the arm and forearm D)the musculocutaneus nerve innervates the deltoid E)the radial nerve innervates the wrist flexors</p><p>47) Which of the following is true of myosin molecules? A) They have a core of nebulin. B) They make up the thin filaments. C) They interact with the thick filaments. D) They form the globular heads called cross-bridges. E) All of the answers are correct.</p><p>48) The structures within the muscle fiber that shorten to cause skeletal muscle fiber contraction are (the) ______. A) myoneural junctions B) myofibrils C) myosatellite cells D) neuromuscular synapses E) myoblasts</p><p>49) Which anatomical structure(s) pass through a gap between the anterior and middle scalene muscles? A)The cervical plexus B)The cranial plexus C)The brachial plexus D)The lumbar plexus E)The sacral plexus</p><p>50)Which of the following is not a rotator cuff muscle? A)Deltoid B)Teres minor C)Supraspinatus D)Infraspinatus E)Subscapularis</p><p>51) The diaphragm muscle is innervated by ______. A) cranial nerve X B) the phrenic nerves C) the intercostal nerves D) the subcostal nerves E) the thoracic nerves 52)Where does cerebrospinal fluid circulate? A)subdural space B)subarachnoid space C)subpial space D)arachnoid mater E)dura mater</p><p>53) Which of the following is a strong extensor of the thigh? A) piriformis B) sartorius C) tensor fasciae latae D) gluteus maximus E) semitendinosus</p><p>54) Which of the following muscles belongs to the group known as "hamstrings"? A) semitendinosus, rectus femoris, biceps femoris short head B) semimembranosus, biceps femoris, and semitendinosus C) biceps femoris, gracilis, and sartorius D) semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris long head E) adductor magnus, semimembranosus, and rectus femoris</p><p>55) Functions of the peripheral nervous system include ______. A) providing sensory information to the CNS only B) making higher order decisions to interpret sensory inputs C) carrying motor commands to the peripheral tissues and systems only D) carrying information up and down the spinal cord E) providing sensory information to the CNS and carrying motor commands to the peripheral tissues and systems</p><p>56) Cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands are regulated by the ______. A) somatic nervous system B) parasympathetic division C) sympathetic division D) central nervous system E) autonomic nervous system</p><p>57) Schwann cells are______. A) collection of axons in the peripheral nervous system B) mostly lipid C) special cell that forms scar tissue after injury D) responsible for myelination E) None of the answers are correct.</p><p>58) Areas of the nervous system that are dominated by myelinated axons are referred to as ______. A) arachnoid mater B) gray matter C) dura mater D) white matter E) pia matter</p><p>59) Involuntary cardiac muscle fibers of the heart are innervated by ______. A) sensoriganglionic fibers B) preganglionic fibers C) somatic motor fibers D) visceral motor fibers E) All of the answers are correct.</p><p>60) Neurotransmitters are ______. A) produced on command B) stored in synaptic vesicles in the presynaptic membrane C) never recycled D) released only at electrical synapses E) produced by astrocytes</p><p>61) What is the definition of a motor unit? A) A group of muscles that perform a certain action B) Collection of motor neurons in the spinal cord C) an axon and all the muscle fibers it innervates D) a collection of sensory neurons in the spinal cord E) none of the above</p><p>62)The “unhappy triad” refers to a tear in which of the following? A)Anterior cruciate ligament, medial cruciate ligament, and medial meniscus B) Anterior cruciate ligament, medial cruciate ligament, and posterior cruciate ligament C)Anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament, and lateral meniscus D) Anterior cruciate ligament, lateral meniscus, and medial meniscus E) Anterior cruciate ligament, medial cruciate ligament, and lateral cruciate ligament</p><p>Use the following picture to answer questions 63-67</p><p>63. This is where cerebrospinal fluid circulates G</p><p>64. This structure innervates the intrinsic muscles of the back A</p><p>65. This is a collection of myelinated axons D</p><p>66. Neuronal cell bodies are located here C</p><p>67. This is the anterior median fissure F</p><p>68)A muscle cell is called a ______A.muscle fiber B.sarcomere C.muscle filament D.muscle fascicle E.myofilament</p><p>69)Hypertrophy of the piriformis muscle can be responsible for which of the following? A.Trouble in gait B.Decreased blood supply to the gluteal area C.Increased pressure to the sciatic nerve D.Stronger medial rotation of the thigh E.All of the above</p><p>70)Damage to the radial nerve can hinder which of the following ? A.Posterior arm muscles B.Posterior forearm muscles C.Wrist extensors D.forearm extensors E.All of the above </p><p>71)An example of a monoaxial joint is A.a gliding joint B.a condylar (ellipsoidal) joint C.a Saddle joint D.a pivot joint E.a ball and socket joint </p><p>72)Which of the following muscles is not activated as much in passive walking? A.Gluteus maximus B.Gluteus medius C.Hamstrings D.Quadriceps femoris E.Anconeus</p><p>73)The deltoid shows which of the following unique characteristics? A.Its different fibers are innervated by 3 different nerves B.It is the most specialized of the rotator cuff muscles because of its size C.Its fibers can flex and extend the humerus thus making it its own antagonist D.Its fibers can abduct and adduct the humerus thus making it its own antagonist E.None of the above</p><p>74)Why is the supraspinatus most commonly injured? A.It is located in a very narrow space and its arterial supply can be hindered by constant movement B.Its actions on the scapula are very limited C.It is not used very often thus making it susceptible to damage D.Its tendon is very thin, making it weaker than the other rotator cuffs E.None of the above</p>