TurkJZool 28(2004)183-197 ©TÜB‹TAK OligochaetaandAphanoneura(Annelida)Faunaofthe GedizDelta(Menemen-‹zmir) SüleymanBALIK,M.RuflenUSTAO⁄LU,SerayYILDIZ EgeUniversity,FisheriesFaculty,DepartmentofHydrobiology,35100Bornova,‹zmir-TURKEY Received:09.01.2003 Abstract: Thespecimenswerecollectedfrom16stationsbetweenFebruary1998andMay1999withtheaimofseasonally determiningtheOligochaetaandAphanoneurafaunaoftheGedizDelta.Thespecimensobtainedbycollectionofmudsampleswith anEkmangrabandeliminationwithafine500µmsievewerepreservedin4%formaldehydesolution. Atotalof47speciesweredetermined,comprising25speciesfromTubificidae,17speciesfromNaididae,3speciesfrom Enchytraeidaeand2speciesfromAeolosomatidae.Seventeenofthespeciesdeterminedarenewrecordsfortheinlandwaterfauna ofTurkey. KeyWords: Oligochaeta,Aphanoneura,Fauna,GedizDelta,‹zmir. GedizDeltas›’n›n(Menemen-‹zmir)OligochaetaveAphanoneura(Annelida)Faunas› Özet: GedizDeltas›’n›nOligochaetaveAphanoneurafaunas›n›belirlemekamac›yla,fiubat1998-May›s1999tarihleriaras›nda,16 istasyondanmevsimselörneklemeleryap›lm›flt›r.‹stasyonlardanal›nançamurörneklerinin500µmgözaç›kl›¤›ndakielekten geçirilmesiyleeldeedilenörnekler%4’lükformoldetespitedilmifltir. Örneklerinde¤erlendirilmesisonucunda,Tubificidaefamilyas›ndan25takson,Naididaefamilyas›ndan17takson,Enchytraeidae familyas›ndan3taksonveAeolosomatidaefamilyas›ndan2taksonolmaküzeretoplam47taksonsaptanm›flolup,bunlardan17’si Türkiyefaunas›içinilkdefabildirilmektedir. AnahtarSözcükler: Oligochaeta,Aphanoneura,Fauna,GedizDeltas›,‹zmir. Introduction faunaoftheGedizriversysteminastudyofTurkey’s Riversprovidecheap,clearandcontinuousenergy Chironomidaepotamofauna;andBal›ketal.(1999) resourcesandarethefirstrequirementofplant studiedthefaunasoftheriversintheNorthernAegean productionpotentialandagoodenvironmentfor region. transport,tourismandrecreationalactivities.Inaddition Bal›ketal.(1999)reportedMollusca,Malacostraca tothesecharacteristicstheyhavealwaysbeenan andChironomidaetaxa,aswellas9distinctannelidtaxa importantfocusforhumanbeingswiththeirresources Stylarialacustris (Linnaeus,1767), Homochaetanaidina andvaluablefishstocks.Thephysical,chemicaland (Bretscher,1896), Pristinamenoni (Aiyer,1919), biologicalcharacteristicsofriversmustbedeterminedin Pristinellabilobata (Bretscher,1903), Uncinaisuncinata ordertousetheminthebestwayandtoprotecttheir (Ørsted,1842),Potamodrilusfluviatilus Lastoc˘kin,1935, naturalpotentialandresourcesandtoensuretheir Aeolosomatenebrarum Vejdovsky`,1880, Aeolosoma continuity. headleyi Beddard,1888and Aeolosomavariegatum ` Areviewofthestudiesofthebenthicfaunaofthe Vejdovsky,1885,asaresultofbenthicsamplingofthe GedizDeltaindicatedthatfiahin(1987a,1987b)studied RiverGediz. theChironomidaelimnofaunaofWesternTurkeyandthe Thepurposeofthisstudyistocontributetothe ChironomidaefaunaofMarmara,theAegeanandthe searchforbiologicaldiversityinTurkeybydetermining RiverSakarya;fiahin(1991)studiedtheChironomidae OligochaetafaunaofwetlandregionoftheRiverGediz. 183 OligochaetaandAphanoneura(Annelida)FaunaoftheGedizDelta(Menemen-‹zmir) MaterialsandMethods OligochaetaandAphanoneurafaunaoftheRiverGediz. TheRiverGedizisin‹zmirprovince.Itliesinthe TwoofthesestationsareontheRiverGediz(Stations1 regionoccupyingtheformerriverbedsoftheRiverGediz and2),1iswheretheRiverGedizopensintotheAegean 26kmnorth-westof‹zmir(38’30”N–26’55”E).Its Sea(Station4),3areonthedrainagechannels(Stations deltawitha20.400totalareaofhaisacoastalwetland 3,5and6),2areinside(Station7)andoutside(Station consistingofbrackishandfreshwatermarshes(5000 8)theK›rdenizLagoon,whichhasalikelihoodofbeing ha),saltpansandcoves(3300ha)and4lagoonsHoma affectedbytheRiverGedizwaterclosetotheriver Lagoon(1824ha),ÇilazmakLagoon(725ha),K›rdeniz outlet,2areinsideandoutsideHomaLagoon(Stations9 Lagoon(450ha)andRag›ppaflaLagoon(500ha). and10),2areinsideandoutsideÇilazmakLagoon (Stations11and12),2areinsideandoutsideRag›ppafla BetweenFebruary1998andMay1999seasonal Lagoon(Stations14and15)and2areonformerarms samplingsfrom16stationswereperformedtodetectthe oftheRiverGediz(Station13and16)(Figure1). KülahT. Helvac›köy Hatundere Bozköy DUMANLIMT. Türkelli Çukurköy FOÇA Sar›kayaT. Il›p›nar Yeniba¤aras› Uzunda¤T. 1 Yan›k Do¤aköy Ba¤aras› Hac›lar Geren Inlet KarasivriT. 2 GED‹Z Musabey Çavufl Belen Maltepe Kesikköy MENEMEN 5 3 Seyrek Koyundere 4 K›rdeniz 8 Lagoon 7 6 Tuzcullu Ulucak YAMANLARMT. Süzbeyli HomaLagoon Kakl›ç 10 Balatç›k Çamalt› Sasafl› Saltpan Ç‹⁄L‹ 16 13 KARfiIYAKA STATIONS Rag›pPafla 10 Çilazmak11 Lagoon Lagoon 15 05KM 14 12 ‹ZM‹RBAY Figure1.SamplingstationsintheGedizDelta. 184 S.BALIK,M.R.USTAO⁄LU,S.YILDIZ Todetectphysico-chemicalcharacteristicsofthe showedthattemperaturevaluesarebetween8°C samplestakenfromthestationstemperaturewas (Station9)and31°C(Station11),dissolvedoxygen measuredbya0.1sensitivitythermometer,pHwas valuesarebetween0mg/l(Station16)and14mg/l measuredbyaHannaHI8014modelpH-meter, (Station8);pHvaluesarebetween7(Station8)and9.93 conductivitywasmeasuredbyaHannaHI8033model (Station3)andsalinityvaluesarebetween0.56‰ conductivimeter,salinitywasmeasuredbytheMohr- (Stations1and2)and38.8‰(Station12)(Table1). Knudsenmethod,anddissolvedoxygenwasmeasuredby Asaresultoftheevaluationofthespecimensatotal thetitrationmethod(Winklermethod). of47taxaweredetected.These47taxacomprised25 Oligochaetaspecimensobtainedbycollectingmud taxaofthefamilyTubificidae,17taxaofthefamily sampleswithanEkmangrabandeliminationwithafine Naididae,3taxaofthefamilyEnchytraeidaeand2taxaof sievewithaporediameterof500µmwerefixedin4% thefamilyAeolosomatidae.Thesystematicpositionsof formaldehydesolutionandwerepreservedin70% thesespecieswereasfollows: alcoholafterwashingwithpressurisedwaterinthe laboratory. KINGDOM:ANIMALIA Fortaxonomicalidentificationofthespecimens, publicationsbyStephenson(1930),Sperber(1950), SUBKINGDOM:EUMETAZOA NielsenandChristensen(1959),Brinkhurst(1971), PHYLUM:ANNELIDA BrinkhurstandJamieson(1971),BrinkhurstandWetzel Classis: Oligochaeta (1984),Milligan(1997),KathmanandBrinkhurst (1998)wereused. Ordo: Tubificida Subordo:Tubificina Results Familia: Tubificidae Measurementsfromthe16stationsoftheRiver Tubifexignotus (Stolc,1886) GedizperformedbetweenFebruary1998andMay1999 Tubifextubifex (Müller,1774) Table1.Temperature,pH,salinityanddissolvedoxygencharacteristicsofthestationsintheGedizDelta. Sta. Temperature(ºC) pH Salinity(‰) Dis.Oxygen(mg/l) Min. Max. Ave. Min. Max. Ave. Min. Max. Ave. Min. Max. Ave. 1 12.0 26.0 18.16 7.49 8.03 7.87 0.56 0.60 0.58 1.2 7.8 5.43 2 12.0 28.0 19.16 7.48 8.10 7.87 0.56 1.76 0.78 2.4 8.2 5.33 3 16.0 28.0 20.83 7.49 9.93 8.23 0.58 12.87 9.07 6.0 11.4 8.86 4 12.5 27.0 19.58 7.58 8.25 7.97 0.59 36.30 14.08 2.8 8.0 5.86 5 15.0 28.0 21.50 7.50 8.39 8.02 5.57 16.08 9.82 4.8 12.0 8.76 6 15.0 29.0 21.75 7.22 8.13 7.80 3.14 16.67 7.35 6.0 11.2 8.71 7 12.0 26.0 19.25 7.43 8.42 8.07 23.99 38.15 30.21 4.8 12.4 7.80 8 15.0 27.0 19.91 7.00 8.47 7.94 23.99 38.10 30.57 7.2 14.0 10.35 9 8.0 29.0 23.83 7.41 8.27 8.01 24.27 36.27 31.74 7.2 12.4 9.03 10 11.5 24.5 19.25 7.56 8.22 8.06 27.49 38.70 33.57 6.4 10.4 7.80 11 13.0 31.0 20.83 7.77 8.36 8.08 28.66 38.10 33.79 6.2 11.0 8.10 12 13.0 28.0 20.00 7.55 8.35 8.02 26.62 38.80 32.05 4.4 13.2 8.20 13 15.0 28.0 20.33 7.53 8.23 7.97 19.02 38.60 25.52 2.8 11.2 6.58 14 11.5 28.0 20.33 7.46 8.68 8.13 25.44 33.42 29.98 5.0 12.4 7.86 15 13.0 29.0 20.25 7.17 8.78 7.97 21.00 29.83 26.99 4.8 12.4 8.66 16 17.0 29.0 26.41 7.37 8.54 7.79 7.80 13.45 9.86 0.0 12.0 5.20 185 OligochaetaandAphanoneura(Annelida)FaunaoftheGedizDelta(Menemen-‹zmir) Tubifexcostatus (Claparede,1863) Stylarialacustris(Linnaeus,1767) Limnodriloidespierantonii(Hrabe,1971) Piguetiellablancii (Piguet,1906) Ilyodrilustempletoni(Southern,1909) Derodigitata (Müller,1773) Psammoryctidesalbicola (Michaelsen,1901) Deroobtusa (d’Udekem,1855) Psammoryctidesbarbatus (Grube,1861) Pristinaamphibiotica(Lastoc˘kin,1927) Psammoryctidesdeserticola (Grimm,1877) Pristinellabilobata (Bretscher,1903) Psammoryctidesmoravicus (Hrabe,1934) Limnodrilusclaparedeianus (Ratzel,1868) Subordo: Enchytraeina Limnodrilushoffmeisteri (Claperede,1862) Familia: Enchytraeidae Limnodrilusprofundicola (Verrill,1871) Enchytraeusalbidus (Henle,1837) Limnodrilusudekemianus (Claperede,1862) Lumbricilluslineatus (Müller,1774) Spirospermaferox (Eisen,1879) Lumbricillustuba Stephenson,1911 Haberspeciosus (Hrabe,1931) Haberswirencowi (Jaroschenko,1948) Classis: Aphanoneura Spirospermavelutinus (Grube,1879) Ordo: Aeolosomatida Peloscolexeuxinicus Hrabe,1966 Familia: Aeolosomatidae Varichaetadriluspsammophilus (Loden,1977) Aeolosomaleidyi (Cragin,1887) Potamothrixbavaricus (Öschman,1913) Aeolosomatenebrarum (Vejdovsky,1880) Potamothrixhammoniensis (Michaelsen,1901) Potamothrixvejdovskyi (Hrabe,1941) Regardingthefamilydistributionofthetaxaobserved Aulodriluslimnobius Bretscher,1899 intheGedizDelta,Tubificidae(53.07%)isthe predominantfamilyinthedelta,followedbyNaididae Aulodriluspigueti Kowalewski,1914 (34.69%),Enchytraeidae(8.16%)andAeolosomatidae Aulodriluspluriseta (Piguet,1906) (4.08%). Regardingthespeciesdiversityofthestations,Station Familia: Naididae 1(22species)andStation2(21species)arethemost abundant.Followingthese2stationsintermsofspecies Amphichaetaleydigii (Tauber,1879) diversitywereStations13and14with7species,Station Amphichaetasannio (Kallstenius,1892) 10with5speciesandStations4and11with4species Paranaisfrici (Hrabe,1941) (Table2). Paranaissimplex (Hrabe,1936) Themostcommonspeciesobservedwithinthe samplesare Aulodriluspigueti,Haberswirenkovi,Haber Paranaisbotniensis (Sperber,1948) speciosus,Paranaisfrici,Paranaissimplex,Aulodrilus Paranaislitoralis (Müller,1784)