hardware, kernel, boot, firmware, disks files, volumes swap devices software, security, patching, networking references backup tracing, logging TTAASSKK\ OOSS AAIIXX AA//UUXX DDGG//UUXX FFrreeeeBBSSDD HHPP--UUXX IIRRIIXX Derived from By IBM, with Apple 1988- 4.4BSD-Lite input from 1995. Based and 386BSD. System V, BSD, etc. on AT&T Data General This table SysV.2.2 with was aquired does not Hewlett- SGI. SVR4- OS notes Runs mainly extensions by EMC in include Packard based on IBM from V.3, 1999. external RS/6000 and V.4, and BSD packages related 4.2 and 4.3 from hardware. /usr/ports. /usr/sysadm ssmmiitt ssaamm /bin/sysmgr (6.3+) ssmmiittttyy ttoooollcchheesstt administrativ /usr/Cadmin/ wwssmm FFiinnddeerr ssyyssaaddmm ssyyssiinnssttaallll ssmmhh (11.31+) e GUI bin/* /usr/sysadm/ useradd (5+) FFiinnddeerr uusseerraadddd aadddduusseerr uusseerraadddd privbin/ addUserAcco userdell (5+) //eettcc//aadddduusseerr uusseerrddeell cchhppaassss uusseerrddeell unt usermod edit rrmmuusseerr uusseerrmmoodd managing (5+) /etc/passwd users llssuusseerr ppww ggeettpprrppww ppaassssmmggmmtt mmkkuusseerr vviippww mmooddpprrppww /usr/Cadmin/ cchhuusseerr ppwwggeett bin/cpeople rmuser usrck TASK \ OS AAIIXX AA//UUXX DDGG//UUXX FFrreeeeBBSSDD HHPP--UUXX IIRRIIXX pprrttccoonnff uunnaammee iioossccaann hhiinnvv dmesg (if (if llssccffgg ssyyssccttll--aa you're lucky) llssaattttrr ddmmeessgg aaddbb ssyyssiinnffoo--vvvv catcat lsdev /var/run/dm model esg.boot stm (from the llssppaatthh ppcciiccoonnff--ll SupportPlus CDROM) list hardware dg_sysreport - bdf (like configuratio ?? g hardware usbconfig most nn vendors' df df ) ) camcontrol getconf devlist machinfo (11.23+) print_manife stst catcat uname -u /etc/hostid unique id useful for ? ? sysctl uunnaammee--ii ?? licensing uname -m kern.hostuui dd lsattr -El sys0 -a systemid show/set ddgg__ssyyssccttll| sseettbboooott nnvvrraamm bootlist -o -m eeprom printenv/sete n/a EEPROM/NV normal grep (SPARC only) nvnv (at stm RAM BOOTPATH command monitor) values ccaammccoonnttrrooll iinnff --ee ssccssiihhaa --pprr ioscan -fnC ioconfig -f atacontrol devtype ;; /hw add device without ccffggmmggrr--v v ? NN//AA kldload insf -C scsiadminsw reboot devtype apap /etc/rc.d/dev -b-b bus -p-p fs restart camcontrol remove stop device camcontrol eject //ddeevv//rrssaa00 //ddeevv//ttaappee /dev/rdsk/c8 tape device /dev/rmt0 //ddeevv//rrmmtt//00 //ddeevv//**wwtt** //ddeevv//rrmmtt//00mm //ddeevv//nnrrttaappee d?s0 /dev/*sa[0- 9]* stdin/ /dev/fd/[012 /dev/fd/[012 stdout/ ? ? ?? ?? ] ] ] ] stderr Xorg - /usr/bin/X11 configure /xsetmon /usr/gfx/set xf86config mon X kvm config ? ? ? iitteemmaapp TASK \ OS AAIIXX AA//UUXX DDGG//UUXX FFrreeeeBBSSDD HHPP--UUXX IIRRIIXX admpdisk -o scsimgr disklabel -r listlist (11.31+) read a disk llssppvv ? admvdisk -o gpart show pprrttvvttoocc label diskinfo listlist (7.0+) pvdisplay whole disk in hdisk[0,1,2,... ? ? c ? 1010 partition ]] ffddiisskk ddvvhhttooooll ddiisskkllaabbeell --wwrr ffxx --xx sysinstall label a disk mmkkvvgg ? aaddmmppddiisskk ppvvccrreeaattee gpart add (7+) sade (6.3+) ddpp ffddiisskk ssmmhh (11.31+) Finder: Apple sysysisinsnstatallll lvlvcrcreaeatete HD SC Setup gpart add partition a sam mmkkllvv aaddmmppddiisskk (7.0+) ffxx disk sade (6.3+) TASK \ OS AAIIXX AA//UUXX DDGG//UUXX FFrreeeeBBSSDD HHPP--UUXX IIRRIIXX /hpux (9)(9) /stand/vmuni xx (10+) /boot/kernel kernel //uunniixx //uunniixx //ddgguuxx /unix /kernel /boot/loader. vvmmoo //eettcc//kkccoonnffiigg vvii //vvaarr//BBuuiilldd// smh (11.31+) conf system.host iioooo FFiinnddeerr ssyyssccttll ssaamm name; ;; show/set kernel /etc/sysctl.co systune sscchheeddoo rreebboooott sysdef parameters nf nf kmtune (11+) kctune (11.23+) getconf limit physical rrmmssss ? ? ? ? ?? memory loaded ggeennkkeexx kkmmaaddmmiinn--ss kernel ? ? kkllddssttaatt kcmodule -a ?? vxketadm -s modules (11.23+) kmadmin -L vxketadm kcmodule load module modname ? ? kkllddllooaadd ?? module=load load ed (11.23+) kmadmin -U unload ? ? ? kklldduunnllooaadd kcmodule ?? module module=unu sed (11.23+) boot0cfg disklabel make disk bboossbboooott--a a ? ddgg__ssyyssccttll mmkkbboooott dvhtool bootable gpart bootcode (7+) sade (6.3+) //eettcc//rrcc** //eettcc//rrcc** (4-) /etc/rc* (9)(9) /etc/rc* /etc/rc.d/* /etc/inittab /etc/init.d/ (5+) startup /etc/rc.config ? //eettcc//rrcc** /usr/local/etc scripts .d.d /rc.d/* (preferred) /sbin/rc* (10+) /sbin/init.d/ startsrc stopsrc start/ stop/ service config lssrc ? ?? (8.1+) ? cchhkkccoonnffiigg services refresh srcmstr /etc/shutdo wn -h shutdown (& /etc/shutdo shutdown - shutdown -p shutdown - power off if Finder ?? wn -y -g0 -i0 - FhFh now yh 0 possible) pp run levels 1 2: multiuser 0: halt and 0: shut down 0: power- power off down *=normal 1: single-user s,S: single- s,S: single- 6: reboot states mode user user for more 6: rerebooboott 1: sysyss adadmiminn 1: sysyss adadmiminn detail c: block 2: multiuser see 2: multiuser further logins (no NFS) www.phildev q: rescan .net/runlevel 3*: share NFS 3*: multiuser ttys(5) file s.html ? ?? 4: user- 4*: start GUI defined kernel 5: user- 5: firmware security defined monitor levels: -1*: 6: user- permanently defined insecure 0: insecure 1: secure 2: highly secure 3: network secure sysctl show wwhhoo--r r wwhhoo--rr kern.securele wwhhoo --rr wwhhoo --rr runlevel 1 velvel /etc/localtim /usr/lib/local time zone /etc/environ /etc/TIMEZO /etc/TIMEZO ee e/TZ/ /usr/lib/tztab info ment ($TZ) NENE NENE /usr/share/z /etc/TIMEZO oneinfo NENE admswap -o sswwaappiinnffoo sswwaapp--ss list -buv dg_sysreport - ppssttaatt--s s sswwaapp--ll check swap p freeswap llssppss--a a //eettcc//sswwaapp--l l sswwaappiinnffoo systat -swap psrset -b bind process bindprocesso mpsched -c ? ? ccppuusseett rruunnoonn to CPU r intctl TASK \ OS AAIIXX AA//UUXX DDGG//UUXX FFrreeeeBBSSDD HHPP--UUXX IIRRIIXX ufs/ffs/ufs2 hhffss (5+) "normal" jfs ufs dg/ux efs, xfs filesystem eexxtt22 vvxxffss(11.0+) zzffss(7+) ccccdd jjffss ((vvxxffss)) volume- vviinnuumm LLVVMM based jfs2 ? admvdisk xlv, xvm, xfs filesystem geom (5+) VxVM ($) zzffss(7+) /etc/filesyste file system //eettcc//ffssttaabb //eettcc//cchecheckklliisstt mmss description mmoouunntt zzffss ((77++)) ((99)) //eettcc//ffssttaabb //eettcc//ffssttaabb //eettcc//ffssttaabb llssffss //eettcc//ffssttaabb (10+) ssmmiittttyyvv gg vviinnuumm vvgg**;;ll vv**;;pp vv** xxllvv__mmggrr ssmmiittttyyll vvmm ccccddccoonnffiigg eexxtteennddffss xxvvmm ssmmiittttyyjjff ss ggeeoomm (5.3+) fsadm volume smitty gstripe manipulatio storage ?? ssyyssaaddmm (5.3+) nn rmvgmkvg; chvg; (5.3+)gmirror mklv; chlv; graid3 (5.3+) rmlv mkfs; crfs; zpool rmfs //eettcc//nneewwffss nneewwffss mmkkffss create admfilesyste crfs //eettcc//mmkkffss zzffss (7+) newfs mkfs filesystem mm ddffsscckk ffsscckk ffsscckk ffsscckk ffsscckk file system ffsscckk ffssddbb ffssddbb ffssddbb ffssddbb debugging fsck ffssddbb ccllrrii ccllrrii and recovery xfs_repair truncate -s size [K|M|G] filename dddd if=/dev/zero of= filename bs=size [b|k| m|g] \ create non-0- length empty llmmkktteemmpp ? ? count=desire pprreeaalllloocc mmkkffiillee filefile d d mount -v mount -t mount (see man pfs_mountd cdrfs -o ro cdrom /cdrom mediad ) ) /dev/cd0 /dev/pdsk/di di mount_cd96 pfsd /cdrom sk sk /cdrom 6060 (mounts automaticall pfs_mount y when CD inserted) mount Finder mount CDROM smitty cdrom /dev/dsk/cxt ydz4 /SD_CDROM mount -orr /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom (requires "Rock Ridge extension" patches, 11+) camcontrol eject devID eject CDROM ?? (manually) ? cdcontrol ? eejjeecctt eject [-f device ]] nohup mkisofs pfs_mountd &;&; mdconfig; nohup pfsd&; mount create/moun pfs_mount -t mkisofs mmkkccdd ? ?? t ISO image iso9660 -x (freeware) unix pathToIso mountPoint aaccllggeett ggeettffaaccll llssaaccll cchhaaccll aaccllppuutt sseettffaaccll cchhaaccll ACL ? ?? management {get,set}{f,p} (see man acledit getacl mac aclacl ) ) llss--ee sseettaaccll mptutil scsimgr fcstat (8.0+) (11.31+) cmgr lscfg -vl fcs0 shshowowmomoununtt fcfcmsmsututilil cxcxfsfs-c-cononfifigg Fibre Channel / ? ?? lsattr -El fcs0 ffccddlliisstt ccxxffssmmggrr SAN ttdduuttiill ccxxffss__iinnffoo tdlist tddiag TASK \ OS AAIIXX AA//UUXX DDGG//UUXX FFrreeeeBBSSDD HHPP--UUXX IIRRIIXX //eettcc//eexxppoorrttss //eettcc//eexxppoorrttss NFS share //eettcc//eexxppoorrttss //eettcc//eexxppoorrttss //eettcc//eexxppoorrttss //eettcc//eexxppoorrttss definitions /etc/dfs/dfst /etc/xtab ab (11.31+) eexxppoorrttffss--a a eexxppoorrttffss--aa kill -s HUP NFS share /usr/etc/exp `cat share mknfsexp exportfs -a exportfs -a command ortfs -a /var/run/mo (11.31+) untd.pid` shareall (11.31+) share_nfs (11.31+) NFS nfsstat /usr/etc/nfss mount | grep nnffssssttaatt nnffssssttaatt nnffssssttaatt information tattat nfsnfs nfso -as 6+:6+: /etc/host.con /etc/nsswitc name f f (4-) /etc/netsvc.c /etc/netsvc.c /etc/nsswitc h.conf resolution ?? onf onf h.conf 5.3: order /etc/nsswitc /etc/resolv.c h.conf (5+) onf nwmgr /usr/etc/ifco ififcoconfnfigig -a nenettststatat -i nenetststtatat --ii (11.31+) nfig -a /etc/ifconfig - no -a iiffccoonnffiigg llaannaaddmmiinn nneettssttaatt --iiaa aa nneettssttaatt--ii llaannddiiaagg show network nneettssttaatt--vv ifconfig -a llaannssccaann interface info lsattr -E -l netstat -in entX ifconfig lan x x edit /etc/rc.conf /sbin/set_par edit: smittsmittyy chchinetinet ifconifconfigfig (option ms initial /etc/{hosts, ifconfig_inte rfacename) edit /etc/NETADD iiffccoonnffiigg ssyyss__iidd,, RSRS chdev -a iiffccoonnffiigg rreessoollvv..ccoonnff,, netaddr= change IP sysadm newIP -I en# # TIMEZONE}, /etc/config/ {static- mktcpip route.options ,, ifconfig- 1.options};