CONCRETE IN AUSTRALIA CONCRETE INSTITUTE of AUSTRALIA Volume 41 Issue 2 June 2015 $9.95 Inc. GST www.concreteinstitute.com.au SPECIAL FEATURES n POST TENSION DESIGN & CONSTRUCTION SEMINAR n MITIGATING ALKALI AGGREGATE REACTIONS VOL 41, NO 2 JUNE 2015 UHPFRC AS A MATERIAL FOR BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION Are we making the most of our opportunities? FROM THE PRESIDENT Engineering and the Einstein Test My favourite quote from Th e Concrete Institute’s national and state based that famous engineer, seminars are one of the key ways in which we can help Albert Einstein, states engineers to develop their practical design skills, but I that everything should would here like to focus on three other, perhaps lesser be simplifi ed as far as known, sources of information available to Institute possible, but no further. members: Th is is a good summary As one of the benefi ts of membership of the international of the task of the fi b the Concrete Institute has access to online copies of the engineer at all stages of fi b “technical bulletins”. Th e bulletins are now available to their work from analysis members for free download on the Institute website, with Douglas Jenkins and design, through to a total of 68 documents currently available. Th e name construction, monitoring “bulletin” perhaps suggests a brief summary document, and remediation. Th ere are many great examples of but this is not the case; each bulletin is of textbook length, simple and elegant design from ancient structures such as and the series includes works on all aspects of concrete the Roman Pont du Garde to the modern Millau Viaduct, engineering, including a four volume manual of concrete but the history of structures is also literally littered with design, and the fi b model concrete code. structures where simplifi cation of analysis and design has In Australia the leading source of technical papers on been taken too far. concrete research, design developments and construction Famous 20th century examples are the collapse of steel practice is the Concrete Institute’s biennial conferences. box girder bridge structures (including the Westgate Bridge Th e full set of papers from each conference is freely in Melbourne), due to over-simplifi cation of shear-lag and available to members on the Institute website, for all buckling behaviour, and the extreme resonant vibration conferences since 2001. behaviour of the Millennium Bridge in London. Th ese Membership of the American Concrete Institute, structures (along with many other examples) have in available to Australian Institute members at substantially common that the theory and procedures that would have reduced rates, entitles members to not only access the allowed a successful design to be completed were available monthly Concrete International magazine and discounted at the time of their design, but not widely used in the types rates for the vast range of ACI publications, but also free of structures where the problems occurred. online access to their excellent bi-monthly structural and Other less high profi le but widespread problems related materials journals. Each journal carries a wide range of to over-simplifi cation of design procedures include papers reporting the latest concrete research, both in the unexpected defl ections, concrete shear failures and US and around the world. problems related to fi xings and connections. Th ese three sources provide the latest reports on In retrospect these problems are likely to be seen as research, development, design and construction practice easily avoidable, but optimising the balance between either free to members or at a very moderate additional simplifi cation and avoiding over-simplifi cation is far from cost (for ACI Membership). Th ese are invaluable resources easy; it requires both a thorough understanding of the which I recommend to all members who wish to apply the underlying theory, and a knowledge of how the theory is “Einstein Test” to their engineering work. applied in practice, including problems encountered in the Douglas Jenkins past, and an appreciation of the limits of application of any President, Concrete Institute of Australia proposed design simplifi cation. [email protected] Offi ce contact details National and NSW Branch Victoria Branch Western Australia Branch Phone: 02 9955 1744 Phone: 03 9804 7834 Phone: 08 9389 4447 National: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] NSW: [email protected] South Australia Branch Tasmania Branch Queensland Branch Phone: 08 8362 1822 Phone: 0414 957 638 Phone: 07 3892 6668 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] 2 Concrete in Australia Vol 41 No 2 02 - President.indd 2 6/05/15 12:54 PM CONCRETE INSTITUTE of AUSTRALIA President: Douglas Jenkins Chief Executive Offi cer: David Millar Concrete Institute of Australia VOLUME 41 ISSUE 2 JUNE 2015 PO Box 1227, North Sydney 2059 Tel: +61 2 9955 1744 Average Net Distribution Fax: +61 2 9966 1871 e-mail: [email protected] Contents web: www.concreteinstitute.com.au 2 President’s report 1573 EDITORIAL COMMITTEE 4 CEO’s report April to September 2014 Chairman: Dr Vinh Dao, University of Queensland NEWS 6 Concrete design for extreme events Members: 7 Breakthrough technology reduces precast concrete footprint Fred Andrews-Phaedonos, VicRoads Prof Peter Dux, The University of Queensland 10 Events Calendar 2015 Prof Ian Gilbert, The University of New South Wales 12 3D printed cement in full bloom Prof Jay Sanjayan, Swinburne University 14 Post tension design and construction national seminar of Technology 16 Members and delegates go onsite Prof Vute Sirivivatnanon, University of Technology, 16 There’s a change ahead – the merging of Bronze and Bronze Plus Sydney 18 Obituary – Peter Dalgleish Assoc Prof Rob Wheen, The University of Sydney 18 World’s largest concrete conveyor at work EDITORIAL COORDINATOR: 20 Concrete standards remain high Mark Sedhom 21 ACMSM23 [email protected] 21 ACI Spring Convention 2015 ISSN 1440-656X, VOL 41 No 2 22 Concrete fl ooring and construction seminar 22 Paving the way to the ASCP conference EDITOR: 23 Concrete comes to Canberra Desi Corbett 23 FEA seminar in Melbourne MANAGING EDITOR: 24 Bamboo as an alternative to steel reinforcing for concrete Dr Tim Kannegieter 25 Case study: Big contracts for Delta 26 Concrete 2015 ADVERTISING: Qld/NSW/ACT: MBL Media, Maree Fraser, 32 COVER STORY – UHPFRC as a material for bridge construction: [email protected] Are we making the most of our opportunities? phone 07 5580 9000 Vic, Tas, SA, WA: 42 FEATURE: MITIGATING ALKALI AGRREGATE REACTIONS Dee Grant, [email protected] – GUEST EDITOR: AHMAD SHAYAN phone 02 9438 1533 44 The current status of AAR and mitigation measures in Australia DESIGN: Stefan Novak 52 The Norwegian regulations to mitigate alkali aggregate reactions in concrete 59 AAR in North America: recommended practices for testing aggregates and selecting preventative measures 65 The assessment of ASR aggregates and ASR mitigation effect by fi ne fl y ash 72 The effect of expansion tests on slowly reactive aggregates ALSO IN THIS ISSUE 81 Latest Library titles 82 Updated Member lists Concrete in Australia is produced for the Concrete Institute of Australia by Engineers Media phone 02 9438 1533 email [email protected] The statements made or opinions expressed in this magazine do not necessarily refl ect the views of the Concrete Institute of The cover story on page 32 asks Australia or of Engineers Media. if we’re making the most of our opportunities with UHPFRC. Concrete in Australia Vol 41 No 2 3 03 - Contents.indd 3 6/05/15 11:05 AM FROM THE CEO Will you be the one to make a difference? Th e Concrete Institute of Australia brings together Member viewpoints is an independent, not for profi t which might not otherwise be organisation, that is made up of heard. As a committee member, Members who share a common you can not only help create value interest in staying at the forefront for our Members and achieve the of concrete technology, design and Institute’s strategic goals, but you construction in Australia. Th is brief can also develop professionally as can be found on the home page an individual and meet a number of of the Institute’s web site, in the personal objectives. Strategic Plan, and in the Charter – Some of the benefi ts of being an but the important word to focus on eff ective Committee Member include: is Members. • exchanging information and ideas To eff ectively communicate with with your peers David Millar the Members, and to react to their • developing professional needs, the Institute supports an relationships and strengthening of • planning and attending social, Executive, a National Council, and six ties in the concrete industry educational and networking events State Branch committees. All of these • establishing contacts with leading • adding to your own CPD points. Committees are made up of elected industry decision makers and Th is year is an election year and Members of the Institute to facilitate infl uencers Members have an opportunity to these needs. To support the continual • building your knowledge of the serve on State Branch committees or progress of the Institute and to refresh industry through contribution on Council. Th is is one of the great ideas and enthusiasm, nominations • gaining expertise in new areas benefi ts of membership and this for these committees are sought every or gathering new ideas for your opportunity is available to Individual two years. current area Members, Young Professional So why be on a committee? • contributing to the success and Members, Retired Members, Life Eff ective committee participation visibility of your company and Honorary Members, and Institute nominated representatives ofof CompanyCo Members and Academic Members.Mem It isis an exciting time to be involved withwith thet Institute.