C T E Centre for Applied Ethics Linköpings universitet Studies in Applied Ethics 14, 2013 SOCIAL JUSTICE PERSPECTIVES FROM UGANDA Editor: GÖRAN COLLSTE Studies in Applied Ethics ∙ 14 SOCIAL JUSTICE PERSPECTIVES FROM UGANDA EDITOR: GÖRAN COLLSTE Centre for Applied Ethics Linköping 2013 Studies in Applied Ethics, 14, 2013 SOCIAL JUSTICE PERSPECTIVES FROM UGANDA EDITOR: GÖRAN COLLSTE ISSN 1402‐4152 ISBN 978‐91‐7519‐635‐0 Address: Centre for Applied Ethics Linköping University SE‐581 83 Linköping Sweden Website: www.liu.se/cte The authors, Centre for Applied Ethics Printed by: LiU‐Tryck, Linköping University Table of Content INTRODUCTION, Göran Collste ............................................................................................................... 6 SOCIAL JUSTICE, HEALTH AND POVERTY IN UGANDA, John Barugahare .............................................. 9 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 9 Equity/Inequity in Health .................................................................................................................... 9 Efficiency in Health ............................................................................................................................ 10 Poverty and Ill‐Health: Causal Links .................................................................................................. 10 Pure Efficiency: Implication for Equity .............................................................................................. 13 Utilitarianism in Health ................................................................................................................. 14 Meaning of QALYs ......................................................................................................................... 14 Time Trade‐off ............................................................................................................................... 15 Person Trade‐off ............................................................................................................................ 15 Other Considerations to Ensure Efficiency .................................................................................... 16 Health Financing and Health Equity in Uganda ................................................................................. 17 Combining Efficiency and Equity ....................................................................................................... 19 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................... 21 THE POLITICS OF RESTORING ETHICS AND THE CHALLENGE OF PATRIOTISM IN SERVICE DELIVERY IN UGANDA’S PUBLIC SERVICE, Dickson Kanakulya .................................................................................. 24 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 24 Ethics and Human Existence .............................................................................................................. 24 The Multi‐dimensions of Public Administration ................................................................................ 25 Ethics and its Application .............................................................................................................. 26 Ethics and Public Administration ................................................................................................... 27 Local Government Politics and Ethics in Public Administration ........................................................ 29 Examining the Case of Uganda ...................................................................................................... 30 Responding to Unethical Conduct in Public Service ...................................................................... 32 Cultural/Traditional Approach ...................................................................................................... 32 Legal Approach .............................................................................................................................. 33 Institutional Approach ................................................................................................................... 34 Political Approach .......................................................................................................................... 35 Patriotism as Political Intervention in Uganda’s Ethics Crisis........................................................ 36 Politics of Defining Patriotism ....................................................................................................... 38 Politics of Budgeting and Financing for Patriotism ....................................................................... 39 Control and Militarization of the Project ...................................................................................... 40 3 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................................... 40 PERSISTENT COLONIAL COERCION IN CONTEMPORARY UGANDA: FOUNDATION OF SOCIAL INJUSTICES IN THE COUNTRY, Gervase Tusabe .................................................................................... 43 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 43 A Description of Domestic Colonial Coercion.................................................................................... 43 The Underlying Mental Disposition of those who Exercise Colonial Coercion ................................. 45 The Purpose of Colonial Coercion ..................................................................................................... 45 Colonial Coercion and Unjust Institutions in Contemporary Uganda ............................................... 46 Social Justice ...................................................................................................................................... 47 Injustice Deriving from Patronage Politics ........................................................................................ 47 The Militarization of the Police ......................................................................................................... 50 A Pseudo Commitment to Ethics and Ideal of the Rule of Law ......................................................... 52 Major Impediment to Achieving a Socially Just Society in Uganda ................................................... 54 Fundamental Responsibility of Uganda’s Political Parties in Achieving a Socially Just Society ........ 54 The Need for Civic Ethics Education .................................................................................................. 55 STRUCTURAL INJUSTICES AND THE ETHICS OF ENGENDERING POVERTY ERADICATION POLICIES IN UGANDA, Michael George Kizito .......................................................................................................... 58 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... 58 Gendered Poverty in Uganda ............................................................................................................ 59 Structural Injustices and Gendered Poverty Production ................................................................... 59 Structural Injustices and the Ethics of Agricultural Policy in Uganda ............................................... 62 The Plan for the Modernization of Agriculture (PMA) .................................................................. 62 The PMA: WID or GAD Framework ............................................................................................... 63 Engendering the Market ................................................................................................................... 64 Beyond Economic Growth: The Challenge of the Trickle Down Theory in the PMA ........................ 65 The Private Sector as a Fulcrum Agricultural Modernization............................................................ 66 Gender and Micro Financing ............................................................................................................. 69 White Washing Gender Patrimony: The PMA and the Circumvention of Patriarchy ....................... 71 The Conspiracy of Silence on Patriarchal Poverty Production .......................................................... 72 Traditionalism and Patriarchal Land Tenure Relations ..................................................................... 73 Lingering Patriarchal Mentalities and Attitudinal Stances ................................................................ 74 The Ugandan Constitution and the Negation of Patriarchy .............................................................. 75 Patriarchy and the Ethics of Decentralization in Uganda .................................................................. 75 Patriarchy and Land Redundancy in Uganda ..................................................................................... 77 Situating the Ethics of Land Reform in Uganda ................................................................................. 77 4 Patriarchal Traditionalism and the Subversion of Land Reform