Thank you for joining! Fall Migrations: Shorebirds of California Eddie Bartley [email protected] Golden Gate Audubon Society Fall Migrations: Shorebirds of California Tonight’s Agenda: • Charadriiformes: • phylogeny • taxonomy – relationships, classifications, • names • Anatomy & Biology: • Topography (Parts) • Life History • Plumage & Molt • Three Families • Charadriidae: Plovers • Haematopodidae: Oystercatchers • Recurvirostridae: Avocets and Stilts Hackett et al. 2008 A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History Science 2008 CHARADRIIFORMES a complete phylogeny for all birds, from W. Jetz et al. 2012. The order: CHARADRIIFORMES Evolutionary History • An ancient group, possibly 80+ MYA • Cretaceous/Paleogene bits and fossil records of Neognathae similarities but may be convergent evolution • Undisputed remains from mid- Paleogene (~45 MYA) • Present Day families emerged by Eocene/Oligocene ~35-30 MYA Shorebirds: The order CHARADRIIFORMES Families, taxonomic order - •Suborder Scolopaci: snipe-like waders • Family Scolopacidae: snipe, sandpipers, phalaropes, and allies Globally (currently) •Suborder Thincori: aberrant Charadriiformes • Family Rostratulidae: painted snipe • Family Jacanidae: jacanas 18 Families • Family Thinocoridae: seed-snipe • Family Pedionomidae: plains wanderer •Suborder Lari: gulls and allies ~350 Species • Family Laridae: gulls, terns, and skimmers • Family Alcidae: puffins, guillemots, Murre's, and allies • Family Stercorariidae: Skuas • Family Glareolidae: Pratincoles and coursers • Family Pluvianidae: Egyptian plover • Family Dromadidae: crab plover •Suborder Turnici: buttonquails • Family Turnicidae: buttonquails •Suborder Chionidi: thick-knees and allies • Family Burhinidae: thick-knees • Family Chionididae: sheathbills • Family Pluvianellidae: Magellanic plover •Suborder Charadrii: plover-like waders • Family Ibidorhynchidae: Ibisbill • Family Recurvirostridae: Avocets and stilts • Family Haematopodidae: Oystercatchers • Family Charadriidae: plovers and lapwings Peruvian Thicknee Baker, A.J. et al. (2012) and Boyd, J. H. et al. (2016) Charadriiformes Taxonomy / Evolution Gulls Terns Coursers End of Cretaceous, Families dinosaur die-off Skuas Crab Plover Auks Pratincoles Jacanas Painted Snipe Seedsnipes Plains… Sandpipers Magellanic… Sheathbills Thick-knees Oystercatcher Stilts/Avocets Plovers 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 from Thomas, Wills and Szekeley, http://bmc.ub.uni-potsdam.de/1471- Millions of years ago Shorebirds: The order CHARADRIIFORMES California -7 Families: Scolopacidae: snipe, sandpipers, phalaropes Laridae: gulls, terns, and skimmers Alcidae: puffins, guillemots, Murre's Recurvirostridae: Avocets and stilts Haematopodidae: Oystercatchers Charadriidae: plovers and lapwings Focal for this class: Scolopacidae: snipe, sandpipers, phalaropes Recurvirostridae: Avocets and stilts Haematopodidae: Oystercatchers Charadriidae: plovers and lapwings.