Environmental Monitoring Report Semi-Annual Report For the period covered July to December 2016 Project Number: 47381-002 May 2017 SRI: Mahaweli Water Security Investment Program Final Report (Annexes 6 to 7) Prepared by Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment with the assistance of Program Management, Design and Supervision Consultant (Joint Venture Lahmeyer International GmbH – GeoConsult ZT GmbH) for Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka and the Asian Development Bank. This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment Mahaweli Water Security Investment Program SEMI-ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT Period : July - December 2016 May 2017 Program Management, Design and Supervision Consultant Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment Mahaweli Water Security Investment Program Semi-Annual Environmental Monitoring Report SEMI-ANNUAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING REPORT Period: July - December 2016 © Joint Venture Lahmeyer International GmbH – GeoConsult ZT GmbH, 2017. 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Program Management, Design and Supervision Consultant Page i Page Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment Mahaweli Water Security Investment Program Semi-Annual Environmental Monitoring Report ANNEX 6 : TOR FOR BASELINE DATA COLLECTION Program Management, Design and Supervision Consultant Annex 6 Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment Mahaweli Water Security Investment Program Semi-Annual Environmental Monitoring Report ANNEX 7 : ECOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR UEC-ICB-1 Program Management, Design and Supervision Consultant Annex 7 Recommendations on Priority Areas Identified for Commencement of Constructions in the Upper Elahara Canal Project Package I (Moragakanda Reservoir to Kongetiya Tank) Human Elephant Conflict Management Plan for Upper Elahara Canal Project MMDE / MWSIP/ ADB/ UECP/ 3267-3268- SRI / Consult / HECM / NCB / 2016 /004 December 2016 Report submitted by IUCN Sri Lanka Country Office to Mahaweli Water Security Investment Program of the Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment as part of the consultancy service deliverables for the Human Elephant Conflict Management Plan for Upper Elahera Cnal Project MMDE / MWSIP/ ADB/ UECP/ 3267-3268- SRI / Consult / HECM / NCB / 2016 /004 Cover picture Channel trace of UEC project package 1. Naalin Perera @IUCN Sri Lanka i Table of Contents ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................................................................... iii 1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Project Background .......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Environmental impacts of the UEC project ................................................................... 2 Loss of habitat .................................................................................................................... 2 Habitat fragmentation and loss of critical species ................................................................ 2 Escalation of Human-elephant Conflict ............................................................................... 3 1.3 Objective ...................................................................................................................... 3 2. Methodology ............................................................................................................................ 5 Species Prioritization .............................................................................................................. 6 Criteria used for flora .......................................................................................................... 6 Criteria used for fauna......................................................................................................... 6 3. Results ...................................................................................................................................... 7 A. loss of habitat ..................................................................................................................... 7 B. Habitat fragmentation and loss of critical species ............................................................... 7 C. Impact on critical Species .................................................................................................. 7 Critical Species analysis: .................................................................................................... 8 D. Escalation of Human-Elephant Conflict .............................................................................10 Recommendations to mitigate potential impact on the wildlife inhabiting the project affected area of the package 1 of UECP ................................................................................12 A. Mitigation measures for the impact on habitats ..............................................................12 B. Mitigation measures for Habitat fragmentation and loss of critical species .....................12 Fragmentation of Habitat: ...................................................................................................12 Loss of Critical Species ......................................................................................................12 C. Mitigation measures for the Human-Elephant Conflict ...................................................13 Annex 1 Detailed list of fauna recorded in Package 1 affected area of the UEC project .......... 14 Annex 2 Detailed list of plants recorded in package 1 afffected area of the UEC project ....... 148 Annex 3 Methodology that should be used for Transplanting and Translocation of the Species ................................................................................................................................... 22 Annex 4 Picture Catelogue .....................................................................................................23 ii ABBREVIATIONS BrR Breeding Resident CEA Central Environmental Authority NCS National Conservation Status CR Critically Endangered CR (PE) Critically Endangered (possibly extinct) DD Data Deficient EN Endangered END Endemic Species IAS Invasive Alien Species IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature NT Near Threatened SpS Species Status VU Vulnerable WV Winter Visitor iii 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Project Background The Upper Elahera Canal (UEC) project of North Central Province Canal Stage 1 involves a trans-basin diversion of Mahaweli water to the North Central and Northern provinces. Figure 1. Location of the UEC Project Water will be transferred from the Kalu Ganga reservoir to Moragahakanda, by the Kalu Ganga Moragahakanda Transfer Canal (KMTC). The Upper Elahera Canal (UEC) will then transfer water from Moragahakanda to Mahakanadarawa, via Mannankattiya Reservoir and Eru Wewa. It also will discharge water to Hurulu Wewa. The main objective of the project is to provide increased water supplies to about 10,000 ha of land in water-deficit areas in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka. The water diverted will be used to augment three tanks in the upper Malwathu Oya basin and one in the Yan Oya basin. This augmentation will increase the cropping intensity of approximately 10,000 ha of land from the current level of 1.2 to 1.8 once the project is completed in 2021. The targeted cultivation areas are the command areas of: o Mannakkattiya Reservoir (Malwathu Oya basin); o Eru Wewa (Malwathu Oya basin); o Mahakanadarawa Reservoir (Malwathu Oya basin); and o Hurulu Wewa (Yan Oya basin). 1 1.2 Environmental impacts of the UEC project Whilst the above activities will enhance the water availability for agriculture, thereby increasing agricultural production, as well as improving the socio-economic status of communities, the project will also have significant short and long-term environmental impacts, especially on the wildlife that inhabits the project affected area. During the formulation of the EIA, several mitigation changesmeasures were incorporated made project design to minimise impacts on the environment, such as (i) decreasing the length of the UEC within protected areas and where ever the terrain was steep (ii) changing the design from open canals to buried tunnels within protected areas and iii) changing from drilling and blasting to use of