The IAS Gazette A House Journal of APTI PLUS NOVEMBER 2020 APTI PLUS Academy For Civil Services Pvt. Ltd. Eastern India’s Best IAS Academy since 2006 TH EDITION An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institute 30 Creating Civil Servants for the Nation SAME SEX CIVIL UNION LAWS TYPHOON MOLAVE W O M E N I N W O R K F O R C E NOVEMBER 2020 The IAS Gazette A House Journal of APTI PLUS Sources The Hindu | The Indian Express CONTENTS Live mint | The Economic Times PIB | PRS | ET Government & World Reports GS-I 1-22 (NITI Aayog, Budget, WEF Economic Survey etc.) BHARATI SCRIPT 1 Hindu Business Line | NCERTs INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION 2 All standard reference books AZAD HIND GOVERNMENT 4 HEAD OFFICE & KOLKATA CAMPUS BUNDI 5 Office no. 803, “AMP Mall Vaisaakkhi” LIFE IN MINIATURE PROJECT 6 8th floor, Salt Lake Sector – II, SIR SYED AHMED KHAN 7 Salt Lake City - AG 112, Kolkata-700091 BHAGAT SINGH 8 Ph: +91-8820341777 TECH FOR TRIBALS 9 BHUBANESHWAR CAMPUS ZOMBIE FIRES 10 Plot No. 2280, Biju Pattanaik COAL SECTOR 11 College Road,Jaydev Vihar, TYPHOON MOLAVE 14 Bhubaneswar, Odisha-751013 Phone: 099383 86166 FENI BRIDGE 16 SOUTH ASIAN FLOOD GUIDANCE SYSTEM 16 ELGIN ROAD SITTWE PORT& KALADAN PROJECT 19 Elgin Chambers, 3rd Floor, Room No. 302, INDUS SUTURE ZONE 20 1A, Ashutosh Mukherjee Road, Kolkata-20 DAM REHABILITATION AND IMPROVEMENT PROJECT 21 mail: [email protected], Ph: (033)-40645777, +91-8100765577 GS-II 23-43 LEGISLATURE’S PRIVILEGE 23 E-mail [email protected] CONTEMPT OF COURT 24 [email protected] THE RIGHT TO INFORMATION ACT, 2005 26 Website: http://www.aptiplus.in DIMINISHING ROLE OF PARLIAMENT 27 NEW ZEALAND’S ASSISTED DYING ACT 28 RIGHT TO DISSENT 30 SAME-SEX CIVIL UNIONS LAWS 31 FRAGMENTATION OF PHC 32 WOMEN IN THE WORKFORCE 33 NHRC ADVISORY ON SEX WORK 34 PAKISTAN ON FATF GREY LIST 36 TAIWAN INSECURITY OF CHINA 37 PRO-DEMOCRACY PROTESTS IN THAILAND 38 URANIUM SUPPLY FROM AUSTRALIA TO INDIA 40 INDIA-MYANMAR RELATIONSHIP 42 Arise, awake and stop not till the goal is reached. - Swami Vivekananda NOVEMBER 2020 The IAS Gazette A House Journal of APTI PLUS CONTENTS GS-III 44-89 SHORT NEWS ARTICLES 93-132 ROLE OF FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY 44 KALA SANSKRITI VIKAS YOJANA 93 IN INDIAN ECONOMY SAWANTWADI TOYS 93 ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN 46 CHAR DHAM NATIONAL HIGHWAY 93 INDIAN ECONOMY OAXACA 93 CHALLENGE OF POVERTY IN INDIA 47 PARAMPARA SERIES 93 THE ECONOMICS OF AUCTIONS 49 SHYAMAJI KRISHNA VERMA(BIRTH ANNIVERSARY) 94 FERTILISER SUBSIDY 50 JAYAPRAKASH NARAYAN (BIRTH ANNIVERSARY) 94 ONION PRICES 52 NANAJI DESHMUKH (BIRTH ANNIVERSARY) 94 NATURAL GAS UNDER GST 53 RAM MANOHAR LOHIA (DEATH ANNIVERSARY) 94 LABOUR CODES 53 GOLCONDA FORT (IN NEWS) 94 FLY ASH 56 MALDHARI TRIBE IN NEWS 94 GRAPHENE MASKS 58 NEW CALEDONIA 95 NOBEL PRIZE FOR MEDICINE OR PHYSIOLOGY 59 SAMBHAR LAKE 95 NOBEL PRIZE IN PHYSICS 60 KYRGYSTAN (IN NEWS) 95 NOBEL PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY 63 MOUNT KILIMAJARO 95 RAISE 2020 65 ZOJI LA TUNNEL (IN NEWS) 96 MARS OPPOSITION 66 DEMCHOK SECTOR 96 ‘SAVIOUR SIBLING’ EXPERIMENT 68 LIBYA (IN NEWS) 97 OSIRIS-REX 68 SRISAILAM HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT 97 NATIONAL SUPERCOMPUTING MISSION (NSM) 69 MOUNT GIRNAR 97 ROOM-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTOR 70 KALESHWARAM LIFT IRRIGATION PROJECT 97 SATELLITE EOS-01 71 TAIWAN STRAIT 98 CHINA’S CLIMATE COMMITMENT 73 KHARDUNGLA PASS (IN NEWS) 98 PUSA DECOMPOSER 74 PEARL RIVER ESTUARY 98 TRANSLOCATION OF CORALS IN MUMBAI 74 BORDERS 98 STATE OF GLOBAL AIR 2020: HEI 76 SADHNA PASS 98 ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE 78 CHUSHUL IN NEWS 99 RIGHT OF PASSAGE OF THE ANIMALS 79 GORKHALAND TERRITORIAL 99 COMMISSION FOR AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT 80 ADMINISTRATION (IN NEWS) NAG MISSILE: ANTI TANK GUIDED MISSILE 83 PROTECTED AREAS IN KERALA 99 BRAHMOS TESTING 83 MECCA 100 SUPERSONIC MISSILE ASSISTED RELEASE 84 CENTRAL ASIAN DIALOGUE 100 OF TORPEDO (SMART) ALDABRA CORAL REEF 100 ASCON PHASE IV NETWORK 85 NECHIPHU TUNNEL 100 SHAURYA MISSILE 86 DHAULASIDH HYDRO ELECTRIC PROJECT 100 RUDRAM 87 NEW RULES FOR POSTAL BALLOT 101 ANTI-TANK GUIDED MISSILES 87 PM STREET VENDOR’S ATMANIRBHAR NIDHI 101 KAVARATTI 89 STAR CAMPAIGNER 102 BODOLAND TERRITORIAL COUNCIL 102 GS-IV 90-92 RIVER BOARDS 102 SVAMITVA SCHEME 103 CODE OF ETHICS FOR NEWS CHANNELS 90 PARTY SYMBOLS FOR POLITICAL PARTY 103 NATIONAL AUTHORITY FOR RECYCLING OF SHIPS 104 GENERAL CONSENT TO CBI 104 SECTION 29 OF THE POCSO ACT 105 NOVEMBER 2020 The IAS Gazette A House Journal of APTI PLUS CONTENTS SHORT NEWS ARTICLES 93-132 SHORT NEWS ARTICLES 93-132 NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR PROTECTION OF 106 INTERNATIONAL BARCODE OF LIFE (IBOL) 124 CHILD RIGHTS (NCPCR) BRAHMA KAMAL FLOWER 124 COVID 19 IN SOUTH ASIA REPORT 106 SHIVALIK ELEPHANT RESERVE 125 TECH FOR TRIBAL 106 HABITAT LOSS OF HIMALAYAN BROWN BEAR 125 WORLD BANK’S STARS PROJECT 107 DASHBOARD FOR MONITORING AIR QUALITY 125 GLOBAL HUNGER INDEX, 2020 107 TWO NEW RAMSAR SITES 126 UNICEF REPORT 108 SKINKS OF INDIA 127 ASER SURVEY 108 PARASITIC INFECTIONS IN ONE-HORNED RHINOCEROS 127 INDIA-CENTRAL ASIA DIALOGUE 109 DARING CITIES 2020 CONFERENCE 128 INDIA-USA 2+2 DIALOGUE 2020 110 RATIFICATION OF 7 PERSISTENT 128 SUDAN AND ISRAEL TO NORMALISE RELATIONS 110 ORGANIC POLLUTANTS CHAIR OF ILO GOVERNING BODY: INDIA 111 LEPIDOPTERA SPECIES AND CLIMATE CHANGE 128 REFERENDUM IN NEW CALEDONIA 111 AENIGMACHANNA GOLLUM 129 NEW DEVELOPMENT BANK 112 ECHINOPS SAHYADRICUS 129 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION (FAO) 112 JAPAN TO ACHIEVE ZERO CARBON 130 UNITED NATIONS ALLIANCE OF CIVILIZATIONS (UNAOC) 112 EMISSIONS BY 2050 FENI BRIDGE CONNECTING INDIA AND BANGLADESH 113 GREEN INITIATIVE 130 65TH ANNIVERSARY OF BANDUNG CONFERENCE: NAM 113 INDO-TIBETAN BORDER POLICE (ITBP) 131 PAKISTAN RE-ELECTED TO THE UNHRC 114 STAND-OFF ANTI-TANK (SANT) MISSILE 131 PROTESTS TO COUP: KYRGYZSTAN 114 SLINEX-20 131 INDIA INVITED TO JOIN THE BLUE DOT NETWORK 114 EXERCISE SURAKSHA KAVACH 131 EXTENDING NEW START TREATY 115 EXERCISE BONGOSAGAR 132 POWERGRID 116 ICGS KANAKLATA BARUA 132 KAMATH PANEL REPORT 116 MCQs 133-140 ADDITIONAL TIER-1 BONDS 116 POVERTY AND SHARED PROSPERITY REPORT 117 NATURAL GAS MARKETING REFORMS 117 WORLD COTTON DAY 118 TARGETED LONG-TERM REPO OPERATION (TLTRO) 118 NOBEL PRIZE IN ECONOMICS 119 RASHTRIYA KAMDHENU AAYOG (RKA) 119 INDIA ENERGY MODELING FORUM 119 INSURANCE OMBUDSMAN 119 FRAMEWORK FOR REGULATORY SANDBOX 120 FELUDA PAPER STRIP TEST 120 EVIN NETWORK 121 NEW SHEPHERD 121 COVIRAP 121 TUBARIAL SALIVARY GLAND 122 SOFIA 122 FRONTIER TECHNOLOGIES CLOUD 122 INNOVATION CENTER GYAN CIRCLE VENTURES 123 ERIOCAULON 123 EMISSION NORMS FOR TRACTORS 123 P a g e | 1 GS-I ART & CULTURE In News Bharati Script What is Bharati Script? Bharati is a unified script for nine Indian languages. It has been designed to be a common script that can express all the major Indian languages. Bharati Script can express: Hindi/Marathi (Devanagari), Tamil, Telugu, Gujarati, Punjabi (Gurmukhi), Bengali, Oriya, Kannada and Malayalam. The script has been designed using simplest shapes, often borrowing simple characters from various Indian languages/scripts including English. Note: Bharati script cannot express English and Urdu as of now. Who developed it? Srinivasa Chakravathy‘s team at IIT Madras. Need for a common script The Roman script is used as a common script for many European languages like English, French, German, Italian etc. This facilitates communication across nations that speak and write different languages. In India however, most major languages are written in their own unique scripts. This pose barriers to communication in a multilingual society like India. Thus, a common script for the entire country is hoped to bring down many communication barriers in India. Decoding the script Characters in Bharati script are created in a minimalist fashion to express their corresponding sounds. 1. Vowels 2. Consonants 3. Consonant-Vowel Combinations 4. Samyuktakshar (C*V combinations) Bharati characters are made up of three tiers stacked vertically. The consonant at the root of the letter is placed in the centre and the modifiers are in the top and bottom tiers. Compatibility with Technology Due to its simplicity, Bharati script is ideal for technology development: I) Optical Character Recognition (Even at 10-20% noise, Bharati OCR system gives close to 100% Accuracy) **Optical character recognition or optical character reader (OCR) is the electronic or mechanical conversion of images of typed, handwritten or printed text into machine-encoded text. II) Handwritten Character Recognition - realized in an app called Bharati Handwriting Keyboard. III) Bharati Transliterator - a tool, based on Google lens that enables the user to read Indian languagesigns in Bharati script. Bharati Font Bharati Fonts let Bharati characters to be typed in word processors such as Microsoft word, Libre Office writer, etc. At present, two Bharati fonts are available: 1. NavBharati - supports Devanagari, Tamil, Telugu, and Malayalam scripts. 2. SundarBharati - supports Devanagari, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Bengali and Malayalam scripts. P a g e | 2 Significance Bharati script: o can help the next generation of Indians to easily read in Indian languages o is an ideal script for languages like Konkani or Tulu that don‘t have their own script o can serve as a writing system for the innumerable tribal languages of India, and languages of the Northeast o can act as a link script for migrant Indians who move out of their native state for work o can connect the millions of NRI children back to Indian literature o can lead to a new system of Braille for Indian languages and even a finger-spelling system for the hearing impaired o can shorten the duration of adult literacy programs from 6 months to a few weeks One Nation, One Script… Bharati can change how India writes and reads! GS-I ART & CULTURE Context 2020 marks 100 years of the discovery of Indus Valley Civilization (IVC).