Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports 2013 Stonewall Jackson Resort Master Plan: An ecological model for stormwater management that engages and educates through context sensitive low-impact development strategies Claire E. Jeran West Virginia University Follow this and additional works at: https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd Recommended Citation Jeran, Claire E., "Stonewall Jackson Resort Master Plan: An ecological model for stormwater management that engages and educates through context sensitive low-impact development strategies" (2013). Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports. 3389. https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/3389 This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by the The Research Repository @ WVU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you must obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in WVU Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports collection by an authorized administrator of The Research Repository @ WVU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Stonewall Jackson Resort Master Plan: An ecological model for stormwater management that engages and educates through context sensitive low-impact development strategies by Claire E. Jeran Thesis submitted to the Davis College of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Design at West Virginia University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Landscape Architecture In Landscape Architecture Approved by Peter Butler, MLA, Chair Angela Campbell, MLA Nicolas Zegre, Ph.D. Department of Landscape Architecture Program, Division of Resource Management Morgantown, West Virginia 2013 Keywords: landscape architecture; state park development; sustainability; West Virginia Copyright 2013 Claire E. Jeran ABSTRACT Stonewall Jackson Resort Master Plan: An ecological model for stormwater management that engages and educates through context sensitive low-impact development strategies by Claire E. Jeran Stonewall Jackson Lake State Park sits in central West Virginia in the heart of the Appalachian Mountains. The dammed lake and state park opened to the public over two decades ago and development within the property continues today. The attention to stormwater management, vegetation, and public awareness of their connection to the natural environment become an integral component to an ecologically sustainable landscape. This project focuses on the eighteen acres surrounding the lodge buildings on a lakefront peninsula. The design responded to a thorough analysis and seeks to enhance the visitor’s experience through use of new program elements, circulation patterns, vegetation, and stormwater management. Educational and interpretive opportunities considering stormwater management, native vegetation communities, and diverse habitats create a laboratory environment for visitors and state park programs. Stormwater management systems are designed using the Chesapeake Stormwater Network and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) methods. Renderings support the explanations of each space throughout the site, completing the picture of the proposed designs. ii DEDICATION The author wishes to dedicate this thesis project to her supportive committee members, family, and friends for their continual encouragement and loving care. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes to acknowledge the following people for their time, advice, knowledge, criticism and support as a way of making this project a success: from West Virginia University: Peter Butler Angela Campbell Adam Riley Nicolas Zegre from Stonewall Jackson Lake State Park: Chad Clovis Sam England Mike Hager Jay Hayes Rudy Henley Samantha Norris Robin Poling OHM Advisors Joe Kidd iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract ....................................................................................................... ii Dedication .................................................................................................. iii Acknowledgement ..................................................................................... iv Table of Contents .........................................................................................v LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................... vi LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................... viii INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................1 CHAPTER 1: Defining the Problem ............................................................6 CHAPTER 2: Literature Review .................................................................7 CHAPTER 3: Design Process and Methodology ......................................13 CHAPTER 4: Cultural Inventory and Analysis .........................................19 CHAPTER 5: Vegetation and Wildlife Inventory and Analysis ...............26 CHAPTER 6: Physical Inventory and Analysis ........................................30 CHAPTER 7: Soil Inventory and Analysis ...............................................36 CHAPTER 8: Hydrology Inventory and Analysis.....................................38 CHAPTER 9: Composite Analysis ............................................................41 CHAPTER 10: Program Development ......................................................43 CHAPTER 11: Stormwater Management ..................................................51 CHAPTER 12: Grading .............................................................................60 CHAPTER 13: Vegetation .........................................................................63 CHAPTER 14: Master Plan and Design Descriptions ...............................70 CHAPTER 15: Materials .........................................................................101 CHAPTER 16: Construction Documents ................................................103 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................106 BIBLIOGRAPHY ....................................................................................107 v LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Statewide Context Map ................................................................1 Figure 2. Roanoke Map................................................................................2 Figure 3. Stonewall Jackson Lake State Properties .....................................3 Figure 4. 1939 Site Aerial Image ...............................................................21 Figure 5. 2009 Site Aerial Image ...............................................................22 Figure 6. 1939 and 2009 Image Overlay ...................................................23 Figure 7. USGS GAP Land Cover Map ....................................................27 Figure 8. Existing Vegetation Area ...........................................................28 Figure 9. Stonewall Jackson Lake State Park Map ....................................30 Figure 10. Existing Site Amenities ............................................................32 Figure 11. Existing Site Circulation...........................................................33 Figure 12. Existing Site Materials .............................................................35 Figure 13. Site Soil Type Map ...................................................................37 Figure 14. Site Slope Map .........................................................................38 Figure 15. Drainage Inventory Map...........................................................39 Figure 16. Hydrology Analysis Map .........................................................40 Figure 17. Composite Analysis Map .........................................................42 Figure 18. Stakeholder’s Program Map .....................................................44 Figure 19. Pedestrian Circulation Map ......................................................45 Figure 20. Additional Program Map ..........................................................47 Figure 21. Stormwater Management Possibilities Map .............................48 Figure 22. Program Overlay Map ..............................................................49 Figure 23. Parking Lot Bioretention Cross-Section ...................................53 Figure 24. Bioretention Subwatershed Delineation Map ...........................54 Figure 25. Designed Bioretention Cells Map ............................................54 Figure 26. Typical Streetscape Enhancement ............................................55 Figure 27. Designed Bioswales Map .........................................................56 Figure 28. Bioswale Cross-Section ............................................................57 Figure 29. Enhanced Wetland Design .......................................................58 Figure 30. Total Volume Chart ..................................................................59 Figure 31. Enhanced Wetland Elements ....................................................59 Figure 32. Enhanced Wetland Cross-Section ............................................60 Figure 33. Designed Path Map...................................................................61