z/OS UNIX System Services User’s Guide SA22-7801-09 z/OS UNIX System Services User’s Guide SA22-7801-09 Note Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to read the general information under “Notices” on page 361. Tenth Edition, April 2007 ™ This edition applies to Version 1 Release 8 of z/OS (5694-A01), to Version 1 Release 8 of z/OS.e (5655-G52), and to all subsequent releases and modifications until otherwise indicated in new editions. This is a revision of SA22-7801-08. IBM welcomes your comments. A form for readers’ comments may be provided at the back of this document, or you may address your comments to the following address: International Business Machines Corporation Department 55JA, Mail Station P181 2455 South Road Poughkeepsie, NY 12601-5400 United States of America FAX (United States & Canada): 1+845+432-9405 FAX (Other Countries): Your International Access Code +1+845+432-9405 ™ IBMLink (United States customers only): IBMUSM10(MHVRCFS) Internet e-mail: [email protected] World Wide Web: www.ibm.com/servers/eserver/zseries/zos/webqs.html If you would like a reply, be sure to include your name, address, telephone number, or FAX number. Make sure to include the following in your comment or note: v Title and order number of this document v Page number or topic related to your comment When you send information to IBM, you grant IBM a nonexclusive right to use or distribute the information in any way it believes appropriate without incurring any obligation to you. © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 1996, 2007. All rights reserved. US Government Users Restricted Rights – Use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents Figures . xvii Tables . xix About this document . xxi Who should use z/OS UNIX System Services User’s Guide? . xxi What is in z/OS UNIX System Services User’s Guide? . xxi Tasks that can be performed in more than one environment . xxi Where to find more information . xxii Summary of changes . xxv Part 1. The z/OS shells . .1 Chapter 1. An introduction to the z/OS shells . .3 About shells . .3 Shell commands and utilities . .3 The locale in the shells . .4 Daemon support . .4 Running an X-Window application . .4 The shell user . .4 Security . .4 Accessing the shells — the choices . .5 Terminal emulators . .5 Interoperability between the shells and MVS . .7 Parallels between the MVS environment and the shell environment . .8 Programming for everyday tasks . .9 Editing . .10 Job control . .10 Background jobs . .10 Programming . .10 Debugging . .10 Data management . .11 Chapter 2. OMVS, a 3270 terminal interface to the z/OS shell . .13 Differences from a UNIX or AIX environment . .13 Invoking the shell . .13 Changing options on the OMVS command . .14 Understanding the shell screen . .14 Working in line mode . .16 Why isn’t your output displayed on the screen? . .16 Determining function key settings and the escape character . .17 The function key functions . .17 The escape character . .20 Entering a shell command . .21 Customizing the variant characters on your keyboard . .21 Entering a long shell command . .21 Entering a shell command from TSO/E . .22 Interrupting a shell command . .22 Typing escape sequences in the shell . .22 Suppressing the newline character . .22 Keyboard remapping . .23 Determining your session status . .23 © Copyright IBM Corp. 1996, 2007 iii Scrolling through output . .24 Using function keys or subcommands . .24 Using cursor scrolling . .25 Running a subcommand . .25 Switching to subcommand mode . .25 Using multiple sessions . .26 Starting sessions . .26 Switching between sessions . .26 Customizing the OMVS interface . .26 An example of customizing the OMVS command . .26 The alarm setting (ALARM|NOALARM) . .27 Autoscrolling (AUTOSCROLL|NOAUTOSCROLL) . .27 The character conversion table (CONVERT) . .27 double-byte character set support (DBCS|NODBCS) . .27 Debugging for the OMVS command (DEBUG) . .28 Giving an application control of the command line (ECHO|NOECHO) . .28 Ending 3270 passthrough mode (ENDPASSTHROUGH) . .28 The escape character (ESCAPE) . .28 Controlling the size of the output scroll buffer (LINES) . .28 Function key settings (PFn) . .29 Displaying the function key settings (PFSHOW|NOPFSHOW) . .29 Specifying Language Environment run-time options (RUNOPTS) . .29 Multiple sessions (SESSIONS) . .29 The shared TSO/E address space (SHAREAS|NOSHAREAS) . .29 Controlling data recorded in the debug data set (WRAPDEBUG) . .30 Performing TSO/E work or ISPF work after invoking the shell . .30 Entering a TSO/E command from the z/OS shell . .30 Switching to TSO/E command mode . .30 ftp or telnet from TSO . .31 Exiting the shell . .31 Getting rid of a hung application . .32 Using a double-byte character set (DBCS) . .32 Single-byte restrictions . .33 Chapter 3. The asynchronous terminal interface to the shells . .35 ASCII-EBCDIC translation . .35 Using rlogin to access the shell . .35 Using telnet to access the shell . .35 Using Communications Server login to access the shell . .35 The shell session . .36 Entering a shell command . .36 Interrupting a shell command . .36 Using multiple sessions . .36 Using a doublebyte character set (DBCS) . .36 Standard shell escape characters . .37 Chapter 4. Customizing the z/OS shell . .39 Customizing your .profile . .39 Quoting variable values . .40 Changing variable values dynamically . .41 Understanding shell variables . .41 Customizing your shell environment: The ENV variable . .42 Customizing the search path for commands: The PATH variable . .43 Adding your working directory to the search path . .43 Checking the search path used for a command . .44 Customizing the FPATH search path: The FPATH variable . .44 iv z/OS V1R8.0 UNIX System Services User’s Guide Customizing the DLL search path: The LIBPATH variable . .44 Improving the performance of shell scripts . .44 Changing the locale in the shell . .45 Advantages of a locale compatible with the MVS code page . .45 Advantages of a locale generated with code page IBM-1047 . .46 Changing the locale setting in your profile . .46 The LC_SYNTAX environment variable . .47 The LOCPATH environment variable . .49 Customizing the language of your messages . .49 Setting your local time zone . .49 Building a STEPLIB environment: The STEPLIB environment variable . .50 Restrictions on STEPLIB data sets . .50 Setting options for a shell session . .51 Exporting variables . .51 Controlling redirection . .51 Preventing wildcard character expansion . .51 Displaying input from a file . .52 Running a command in the current environment . .52 Displaying current option settings . .52 Chapter 5. Customizing the tcsh shell . .53 Understanding the startup files . .53 Quoting variable values . .54 Changing variable values dynamically . .55 Understanding shell variables . .55 Customizing your shell environment: The .tcshrc file . .56 Customizing the search path for commands: The PATH variable . .57 Adding your working directory to the search path . .58 Checking the search path used for a command . .59 Customizing the DLL search path: The LIBPATH variable . .59 Changing the locale in the shell . .59 Advantages of a locale compatible with the MVS code page . .59 Advantages of a locale generated with code page IBM-1047 . .60 Changing the locale setting in your profile . .60 The LC_SYNTAX environment variable . .61 The LOCPATH environment variable . .62 Customizing the language of your messages . .63 Setting your local time zone . .63 Building a STEPLIB environment: The STEPLIB environment variable . .63 Restrictions on STEPLIB data sets . .64 Setting variables for a shell session . .64 Displaying current option settings . .65 Controlling redirection . .65 Preventing wildcard character expansion . .65 Displaying input from a file . .65 Displaying deletion verification . .65 Files accessed at termination . .65 Chapter 6. Working with z/OS shell commands . .67 Specifying shell command options . .67 Specifying options with accompanying arguments . .68 Help for shell command usage . .68 Understanding standard input, standard output, and standard error . .68 Redirecting command output to a file . .69 Redirecting input from a file . .70 Redirecting error output to a file . .70 Contents v Closing a file . ..