Minnesota All-Hazard Mitigation Plan Update Approved date 2011 Minnesota Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management MINNESOTA ALL-HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................... 11 1. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................... 15 1.1 Hazard Mitigation Programs ............................................................................................... 19 1.2 Plan Organization ................................................................................................................ 19 1.3 HSEM Update ...................................................................................................................... 22 1.4 Hazard Mitigation Funding Update ..................................................................................... 22 2. STATE PROFILE ........................................................................................................................... 27 2.1 Geographic Characteristics ................................................................................................. 27 2.2 Climate ................................................................................................................................ 29 2.3 Demographic Characteristics .............................................................................................. 30 2.4 Development Trends ........................................................................................................... 32 2.5 Climate Adaptation ............................................................................................................. 35 3. PLANNING PROCESS .................................................................................................................. 37 3.1 Timeline of 2011 Plan Update ............................................................................................. 37 3.2 Agency Coordination ........................................................................................................... 40 3.3 Program Integration ............................................................................................................ 45 4. RISK ASSESSMENT: IDENTIFY AND PROFILE HAZARDS .............................................................. 49 4.1 Natural Hazards ................................................................................................................... 51 Flooding ..................................................................................................................................... 52 Statewide Flood Risk Assessment ............................................................................................. 72 Wildfire ...................................................................................................................................... 78 Tornado ..................................................................................................................................... 94 Windstorms ............................................................................................................................. 101 Hail .......................................................................................................................................... 111 Lightning .................................................................................................................................. 115 1 MINNESOTA ALL-HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN Coastal Erosion ........................................................................................................................ 120 Severe Winter Storms ............................................................................................................. 124 Landslide ................................................................................................................................. 141 Sinkholes & Land Subsidence .................................................................................................. 144 Earthquake .............................................................................................................................. 147 Extreme Temperatures (Heat) ................................................................................................ 162 Dam Failure ............................................................................................................................. 165 4.2 Other Hazards ................................................................................................................... 171 Terrorism ................................................................................................................................. 171 Infectious Disease Outbreak ................................................................................................... 173 Fires (Structures and Vehicles) ................................................................................................ 177 Nuclear Generating Plant Incidents ........................................................................................ 179 Hazardous Material Incidents ................................................................................................. 182 Transportation Incidents ......................................................................................................... 185 Ground and Surface Water Supply Contamination ................................................................ 191 5. RISK ASSESSMENT: VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT .................................................................. 197 5.1 Methodology for Identifying Hazards ............................................................................... 197 5.2 Vulnerability Assessment by Jurisdiction .......................................................................... 204 5.3 Vulnerability Assessment for State Facilities .................................................................... 216 5.4 Estimating Potential Losses by Jurisdiction ....................................................................... 220 5.5 Estimating Potential Losses of State Facilities .................................................................. 228 6. MITIGATION STRATEGY ........................................................................................................... 239 6.1 Update ............................................................................................................................... 239 6.2 State Plan Goals ................................................................................................................ 243 6.3 Hazard Mitigation Strategies ............................................................................................. 256 2 MINNESOTA ALL-HAZARD MITIGATION PLAN 6.4 Hazard Mitigation Actions ................................................................................................. 262 6.5 Inventory of Hazard Mitigation Programs, Policies, and Funding..................................... 270 6.6 State Capability Assessment ............................................................................................. 287 6.7 Local Capability Assessment ............................................................................................. 299 6.8 Severe Repetitive Loss Strategy ........................................................................................ 303 7. COORDINATING LOCAL MITIGATION PLANNING .................................................................... 309 7.1 Local Funding and Technical Assistance............................................................................ 309 7.2 Local Mitigation Plan Update(s) ........................................................................................ 312 7.3 Mitigation Success Stories in Minnesota .......................................................................... 313 7.4 Funding Update ................................................................................................................. 316 7.4 Local Plan Integration........................................................................................................ 321 7.5 Prioritizing Local Assistance .............................................................................................. 325 8. PLAN MAINTENANCE PROCESS ............................................................................................... 333 8.1 Monitoring, Evaluating, and Updating the Plan ................................................................ 333 8.2 Monitoring Progress of Mitigation Activities .................................................................... 335 Acronyms and Abbreviations .................................................................................................. 338 Tables Table 1 Land Cover Legend ............................................................................................................ 28 Table 2 Major Flood Events in Minnesota 1950 – 2010 ................................................................ 66 Table 3 Flood Risk Calculation Methods ....................................................................................... 74 Table 4 Single Fires of Record........................................................................................................ 81 Table 5 Wildfire Statistics 2000-2010 ...........................................................................................