County Vision A prosperous, peaceful and just county with an empowered community enjoying equal opportunities. County Mission To facilitate socio-economic transformatoion of Turkana through sustainanble use of resources to ensure a high quality of life for the people of Turkana County. Table of Contents LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................................................... X ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ....................................................................................................................... XI GLOSSARY OF COMMONLY USED TERMS ........................................................................................................ XVIII FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................................................ XXI PREFACE........................................................................................................................................................... XXIII ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................................................... XXV EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................................... XXVI CHAPTER ONE ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................... 2 POSITION AND SIZE ............................................................................................................................................... 2 PHYSIOGRAPHIC AND NATURAL CONDITIONS .............................................................................................................. 2 1.1.1 Physical and Topographic Features .............................................................................................. 2 1.1.2 Ecological Conditions .................................................................................................................... 4 1.1.3 Climatic Conditions ....................................................................................................................... 4 ADMINISTRATIVE AND POLITICAL UNITS ......................................................................................................... 5 1.1.4 Administrative sub divisions (districts, divisions and locations) ................................................... 5 1.1.5 Political Units (Constituencies and Electoral wards) ..................................................................... 6 1.1.6 Eligible & Registered Voters by Constituency ............................................................................... 6 DEMOGRAPHIC FEATURES ............................................................................................................................... 7 1.1.7 Population Size and Composition ................................................................................................. 7 TABLE 4: POPULATION PROJECTIONS BY AGE COHORTS................................................................................................ 8 1.1.8 Population Density and Distribution ........................................................................................... 13 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS ............................................................................................................ 15 INFRASTRUCTURE AND ACCESS ..................................................................................................................... 16 1.1.9 Road Network ............................................................................................................................. 16 1.1.10 Posts and Telecommunications: Post Offices, Mobile Telephony, landline ............................ 16 1.1.11 Financial Institutions: Banks, SACCOs, Micro Finance Institutions ......................................... 16 1.1.12 Education Institutions: Primary/Secondary Schools, Polytechnics, Colleges, Universities ..... 17 1.1.13 Energy Access (main sources of energy, electricity coverage) ............................................... 17 1.1.14 Markets and Urban Centres ................................................................................................... 18 1.1.15 Types of Housing .................................................................................................................... 18 LAND AND LAND USE ..................................................................................................................................... 18 1.1.16 Mean Holding Size ................................................................................................................. 18 1.1.17 Percentage of Land without Title Deeds ................................................................................ 18 1.1.18 Incidence of Landlessness ...................................................................................................... 19 COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS/ NON-STATE ACTORS ................................................................................... 19 1.1.19 Cooperative Societies, ............................................................................................................ 19 1.1.20 Non-Governmental Organizations ......................................................................................... 19 1.1.21 Self Help, Women & Youth Groups ........................................................................................ 19 CROP, LIVESTOCK AND FISH PRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 20 1.1.22 Main Crops Produced ............................................................................................................. 20 1.1.23 Acreage under Food Crops and Cash Crops ........................................................................... 20 1.1.24 Average Farm Sizes ................................................................................................................ 20 1.1.25 Main Storage Facilities ........................................................................................................... 20 1.1.26 Main Livestock Bred ............................................................................................................... 20 1.1.27 Number of Ranches ................................................................................................................ 21 1.1.28 Main Fishing Activities, Types of Fish Produced, Landing Sites .............................................. 21 FORESTRY AND AGRO FORESTRY ................................................................................................................... 21 1.1.29 Main Forest Types and Size of Forests ................................................................................... 21 1.1.30 Main Forest Products Gazetted and Non-gazetted Forests ................................................... 21 1.1.31 Promotion of Agro-Forestry and Green Economy for: ........................................................... 21 ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE ........................................................................................................ 24 1.1.32 Major Contributors to Environmental Degradation in the County ......................................... 24 1.1.33 Effects of Environmental Degradation ................................................................................... 24 1.1.34 Climate Change and its Effects in the County ........................................................................ 24 1.1.35 Climate Change Mitigation Measures and Adaptation Strategies ........................................ 25 MINING .......................................................................................................................................................... 25 1.1.36 On-going activities ................................................................................................................. 25 1.1.37 Mining potentials ................................................................................................................... 25 TOURISM ........................................................................................................................................................ 26 1.1.38 Main tourist attractions, National Parks/Reserves ................................................................ 26 1.1.39 Main Wildlife .......................................................................................................................... 26 1.1.40 Tourist class hotels/restaurants, bed occupancy ................................................................... 26 INDUSTRIES .................................................................................................................................................... 26 EMPLOYMENT AND OTHER SOURCES OF INCOME ........................................................................................ 27 1.1.41 Wage Earners ......................................................................................................................... 27 1.1.42 Self-employed .......................................................................................................................