AMIN CADET ACADEMY CLASS – 10 SUBJECT : ENGLISH 1ST PAPER ‘PARAGRAPH WRITING’ Independence Day Independence Day is a memorable day in the history of every nation. Like many other proud nations in the world Bangladeshi people have also an Independence Day which is observed on 26th March and it is also a public holiday in Bangladesh. It commemorates the country's declaration of independence from Pakistan in the late hours of 25 March 1971. During the early hours of 26 March 1971 the independence of Bangladesh was declared by Bongobondhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and the guerilla struggle officially began. The people of then independence declared Bangladesh took part in this war to be a separate nation independent from Pakistan. Independence for Bangladesh was gained through a nine-month guerilla war against the Pakistan Army, and their collaborators (commonly known as Razakars in Bangla which resulted in the loss of about 3 million lives. The Bangladesh Forces, later with military support from USSR and India, defeated the Pakistan Army ending the war on 16 December of that year. Moreover, Independence Day is commonly associated with parades, political speeches, fairs, concerts, ceremonies and various other public and private events celebrating the history and traditions of Bangladesh. TV and radio stations broadcast special programs and patriotic songs in honor of the Independence Day. Generally, a thirty-one gun salute is conducted in the morning. The main streets are decorated with national flags. Different political parties and socioeconomic organizations undertake programs. In fine, It is to say that Independence day is a unforgettable day for the people of Bangladesh. Environment Pollution Our environment is our asset , we should not lose the charm of the environment by pollution. We should deal with the environment of our earth like our mother because our earth also nurtures us and shelters us. There are various types of pollutions they are; water pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution, land pollution, air pollution, etc. The contaminants of the environment are called pollutants .The main pollutants come from industries because the factories release harmful and poisonous gases in the atmosphere. This is the cause of air pollution. The industrial effluents are also dumped into water bodies, causing water pollution. The other pollutant responsible for pollution is the smoke from combustion, greenhouse gasses emission like carbon dioxide which is high in India. Environment pollution increases global warming day by day, so the ice in Antarctica is melting and the harmful gases are also emitting and destroying the whole earth. The animals have endangered, the plants are also dying. Cutting of trees is one of the reasons for environmental pollution. So instead of cutting trees, we should plant more and more trees to enhance the beauty of Earth. On 5th June, we celebrate World Environment Day . So, we should not only plant trees on that particular day but also we should plant trees whenever we think it is necessary to do. We should also celebrate tree plantation programme to spread the news that every individual should plant trees. It is the responsibility and commitment of every soul to preserve and protect our environment from getting polluted. There is another duty that we have to perform is that we should not dump the waste materials in the river or sea-water. We should burn them . Thus, we can save our environment from being polluted . Tree Plantation Tree plantation means planting trees more and more in a planned way. It is the part and parcel of our life and also for the environment. Without trees , we can’t imagine our life. But day by day due to the increasing rate of population trees are being cut . More people need more food, more shelter, and more things. To meet up their demand trees are cut down. Trees play a vital role in the ecological balance. Cutting down tress causes natural hazards, drought, soil erosion, global warming, and many other bad things. From trees, we get a lot of things. We take oxygen which is gifted from trees. Furniture, wood, medicine, shade, air, etc. are the gifted items from trees .To keep the earth calm and peaceful we need to keep our world under afforestation. A country needs at least 25% forest area of its total land area. If we are not aware of this , our future generation will suffer from environmental pollution. Due to less number of trees there may appear different type of diseases .So, Both the goverment and the common people should take proper steps to increase the tree plantation rate. In fine it is to say that ‘plant more trees and save the world’. SEEN PASSAGE Read the passage carefully and answer the questions following it. 26 March, our Independence Day, its the biggest state festival. The day is celebrated every year in the country with great enthusiasm and fervors. It is a national holiday. All offices educational institutions, shops and factories remain closed on this day. The day begins with 31 gunshots. Early in the morning the president and the Prime Minister on behalf of the nation place floral wreaths at the National Mausoleum at Saver. then diplomats, political parties, social and cultural organizations and freedom fighters pay homage to the martyrs. people from all walks of life also come there with rallies and processions. There are several cultural programmes throughout the day highlighting the heroic struggle and sacrifice in 1971. The country also witness a smartly dressed parade of defence forces, bardes guards, police ansars and VDP (Village Defence Party) at the national parade Ground near the National Parliament In Bangabandhu stadium, school children, scouts and girl guides take part in various displays to entertain thousands of spectators. The educational institutions also organize their individual programmers, Sports meets and tournaments are also organized on the day including the exciting boat race in the river buriganga. In the evening all major public buildings are illuminated with colourful lights. Bangla Academy, Bangladesh shilpakala Academy and other socio-cultural organizations hold cultural functions. Similar functions are also arranged in other place in the country. 1. Choose the best answer. a) VDP means ——. i) Village dutiful police ii) Village Duriful project iii) Village Duty police iv) Village Defence party. b) The National Mausoleum of Bangladesh is at ———. i) Gazipur ii) Sherpus iii) Modupur iv) Savar c) The day of 26 March starts with ——- gunshots. i) 28 ii) 29 iii) 30 iv) 31 d) The ——- institutions arrange their own shows on this day. i) educational ii) parade iii) defence iv) modern e) The Independence Day is celebrated every year with ————-. i) Zeal and fatality ii) emotion and pride iii) due solemnity and fervour iv) Fame and frailty 2. Read the passage again. Now answer the following questions in your own words. a) Which is the biggest state festival in Bangladesh? b) How many gunshots does the day begin with? c) who place floral wreaths first at the National Mausoleum at Savar? d) Which organizations hold cultural functions? e) What does the country also witness on this day? Answers 1. a) .... iv) village defense party. b) .... iv) Savar c) .... iv) 31 d) .... i) educational e) .... iii) due solemnity and fervowe 2. a) 26 March, our Independence Day is the biggest state festival in Bangladesh. b) The day begins with 31 gunshots. c) The President and the Prime Minister place the floral wreaths first at the National Mausoleum at Savar. d) Bangla Academy, Bangladesh Shilpakala Academy and other socio-cultural organizations hold cultural functions. e) The country also witness a smartly dressed parade of defense forces, Borders Guards Police, Ansars and the VDP. Read the following text and fill in each gap with a suitable word based on the information of the text. 1.“Today there are many jobs where you need English. This is because the world has become smaller. Vast distances are shortened by speedy transport. We can talk to a person thousands of kilometers away on the phone or the Internet. So, we can communicate with the whole world easily. English has made this communication easier. There are many countries in the world with many languages, but to communicate with them, you cannot speak all the languages. So, you need a common language that you can use with more or less all the people in the world. English is that common language. English for us in Bangladesh is all the more important. As we have seen earlier, we are too many people in a small country. So, if you learn English, you have the best opportunity to find a good job, both within and outside the country. And that is good news for millions of our unemployed youths. Globalization has made the world smaller and so it requires a (a) — language for international communication. The lingua franca of the world is (b) —. English provides us with the (c) — to pursue a good job. Being a densely (d) — country, Bangladesh is cursed with unemployment. Proficiency in English may help (e) — unemployment problem and bring economic development. Answer : (a) common . (b) English . (c) opportunity . (d) populated . (e) solve . 2. 26 March, our Independence Day, its the biggest state festival. The day is celebrated every year in the country with great enthusiasm and fervors. It is a national holiday. All offices educational institutions, shops and factories remain closed on this day. The day begins with 31 gunshots. Early in the morning the president and the Prime Minister on behalf of the nation place floral wreaths at the National Mausoleum at Saver. then diplomats, political parties, social and cultural organizations and freedom fighters pay homage to the martyrs. people from all walks of life also come there with rallies and processions.