ISSN 1536-7738 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Journal of the Oklahoma Native Plant Society Volume 17, December 2017 1 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Journal of the Oklahoma Native Plant Society P. O. Box 14274 Tulsa, Oklahoma 74159-1274 Volume 17, December 2017 ISSN 1536-7738 http://ojs.library.okstate.edu/osu/ Co-Editors: Sheila Strawn and Gloria Caddell Production Editor: Paula Shryock Electronic Production Editor: Sandy Graue Manuscript Editor: Mark Fishbein Technical Advisor: Erica Corbett The purpose of ONPS is to encourage the study, protection, propagation, appreciation, and use of the native plants of Oklahoma. Membership in ONPS is open to any person who supports the aims of the Society. ONPS offers individual, student, family, and life memberships. Officers and Board Members President: Bruce Smith Historian: Fran Stallings Vice-President: Bill Farris Publicity/Merchandise Chair: Alicia Nelson Secretary: Connie Murray Conservation Chair: Chadwick Cox Treasurer: Mary Korthase Tulsa Garden Club Liaison: Sue Amstutz Awards Chair: Sue Amstutz Board Members: Membership Database: Tina Julich Barbara Klein Photo Contest Chair: Lynn Michael Mary Gard Mailings/Printings Chair: Sandy Graue Kathy Supernaw Color Oklahoma Chair: Pearl Garrison Mary-Helen Hagge Gaillardia Editor: Marilyn Stewart Derek McCall Website Manager: Adam Ryburn Alyssa Whiteman http://www.oknativeplants.org Chapter Chairs: Cover photo: Nelumbo lutea Willd. (American Central: Patrick Bell lotus) by Sally Webb for the 2016 Cross Timbers: Elaine Lynch ONPS Photo Contest Northeast: Lynn Michael Articles (c) The Authors Journal compilation (c) Oklahoma Native Plant Society Except where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike4.0 International License, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by-nc-sa/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly attributed, not used for commercial purposes, and, if transformed, the resulting work is redistributed under the same or similar license to this one. https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.18.100001 2 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 17, December 2017 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 17 Table of Contents Foreword .................................................................................................................................................... 3 A Study of the Flowering Plants of Tulsa County, Oklahoma, Exclusive of the Grasses, Sedges, and Rushes. M. S. thesis ...................................................................................... 4 Maxine B. Clark† Laboratory Studies of Allelopathic Effects of Juniperus virginiana L. on Five Species of Native Plants ................................................................................................................ 37 Erica A. Corbett and Andrea Lashley Vascular Flora of E. C. Hafer Park, Edmond, Oklahoma ................................................................ 53 Gloria M. Caddell, Katie Christoffel, Carmen Esqueda, and Alonna Smith First Record of Chorioactis geaster from Oklahoma .............................................................................. 69 Clark L. Ovrebo and Sheila Brandon Critic’s Choice Essay: Allelopathy .............................................................................................................. 72 Paul Buck† Editorial Policies and Procedures ......................................................................................................... 74 Five Year Index to Oklahoma Native Plant Record ............................................... inside back cover † Indicates an author who is deceased Oklahoma Native Plant Record 3 Volume 17, December 2017 Foreword The search for historic articles that would be important to botanical research often leads us down surprising pathways to sources that are sometimes hidden in plain sight. Lynn Nabb mentioned her grandmother’s 1959 Master’s thesis from the University of Tulsa in a Facebook post that honored her work and her life. Until then, Maxine Clark’s “A Study of the Flowering Plants of Tulsa County, Oklahoma” had been quietly sitting in the university library for almost 60 years. Maxine was a student of Dr. Ralph Kelting and a friend of Dr. Harriet Barclay. We are grateful to the University’s library staff who helped us obtain the thesis. This year The Record offers a number of important works from a wide variety of sources. It brings together several articles that have to do with species interactions and a couple of articles that offer readers the opportunity to know something “first.” We chose Paul Buck’s “Allelopathy” from a previous issue of The Gaillardia for our “Critic’s Choice Essay,” because it explores deeply the “War in the Garden” and the “vicious world in nature.” Dr. Buck’s 2004 article may help us better understand several issues discussed in “Laboratory Studies of Allelopathic Effects of Juniperus virginiana on Five Species of Native Plants” by Erica Corbett and Andrea Lashley. This work involved undergraduate students in an important research opportunity and explores possible negative interactions between plant species. As for the firsts, urban species have historically been overlooked by botanists because their habitats had been altered by human activity. Researchers have changed that perspective. Urban studies are now valued because they address the effects that humans have had on species. Urban parks can be surprisingly biodiverse. “Vascular Flora of E. C. Hafer Park, Edmond, Oklahoma” is from Gloria Caddell and students Katie Christoffel, Carmen Esqueda, and Alonna Smith at the University of Central Oklahoma. It is the first species list for Edmond’s Hafer Park, which was established in 1979. For another first, Clark Ovrebo reports on an interesting earth star fungus that, until now, was known only in Texas and Japan! Be on the lookout for it. Evidently, it has a much wider distribution than previously thought. Speaking of wide distribution… The Oklahoma Native Plant Record is getting more widely distributed every year. Because it is listed in the Directory of Open Access Journals and abstracted by the Centre for Agricultural Bioscience International, it can be accessed by researchers around the world. And here’s another “first.” The Record has a new editor this year. Gloria Caddell is joining the editorial board as Co-Editor. It’s time for a change of leadership, and she has graciously agreed to begin taking over the helm and her new responsibilities. Sheila Strawn and Gloria Caddell Co-Editors 4 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 17, December 2017 A STUDY OF THE FLOWERING PLANTS OF TULSA COUNTY, OKLAHOMA, EXCLUSIVE OF THE GRASSES, SEDGES, AND RUSHES Master’s Thesis University of Tulsa Tulsa, Oklahoma 1959 Maxine B. Clark† 1905–1988 Keywords: riparian, prairie, limestone, flora, historical, ecology ABSTRACT A taxonomic study of the flowering plants of Tulsa County, Oklahoma, exclusive of the grasses, sedges, and rushes, was made from 1955 to 1959. A total of 585 species, representing 99 families and 335 genera, were identified and are on file in the herbarium of the University of Tulsa. The largest families in order of number of species are: Compositae [Asteraceae], 110 species; Leguminosae [Fabaceae], 50 species; Euphorbiaceae, 22 species; Cruciferae [Brassicaceae], 21 species; Rosaceae, 19 species; Scrophulariaceae [Linderniaceae, Orobanchaceae, Phrymaceae, Plantaginaceae, Scrophulariaceae], 18 species; Labiateae [Lamiaceae], 16 species; Polygonaceae, 16 species; and Onagraceae, 15 species. The number of plants found is comparable to similar collections in Muskogee County by Little (1938) and in Pontotoc County by McCoy (1958). The plant list of Tulsa County may be increased by further study. Editor’s Note: Where nomenclature has been updated using ITIS-Integrated Taxonomic Information Service (http://www.itis.gov), the revised name is in brackets [ ], as are other updates. INTRODUCTION State University. An attempt was made to collect all plants at anthesis, but fruiting Statement of Problem specimens were also collected whenever A taxonomic study of the flowering possible. Classification of the oaks was not plants of Tulsa County, Oklahoma, attempted without the acorns. All plants exclusive of the grasses, sedges, and rushes, were identified and pressed by the author. A was initiated by the author in the spring of few additional specimens on file in the 1956. One hundred twenty-five plants were herbarium of the University of Tulsa have collected from April 21 through been included in the list of species. November 7. Intensive field work began Classification of the plants was established March 1, 1957, with 700 plants collected through the use of all available manuals through November 17. Additional applicable to the area, through references in collections were made in 1958 and 1959. A Rhodora, and comparison with specimens at total of 828 specimens were collected. Most the Bebb Herbarium at the University of plants were taken in triplicate for the Oklahoma and the herbarium of Oklahoma herbaria of the University of Tulsa, the State University. Some plants, collected at University of Oklahoma, and Oklahoma flowering time, lacked diagnostic varietal Maxine B. Clark https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.18.100004 Oklahoma Native Plant Record 5 Volume 17, December 2017 characteristics, and in such cases the variety The elevation varies from 550 ft [167.64 m] name was omitted. Whenever possible,